1、下载python3.8源码
官网地址:https://www.python.org/downloads/source/,搜索3.8.1,tgz和xz我认为都差不多,安全起见,下载源码包更大的tgz。
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Download Gzipped source tarball
2、py编译安装
[root@google /]# mv Python-3.8.1.tgz /opt/
[root@google /]# yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel libffi-devel
[root@google /]# cd /opt/
[root@baidu1 opt]# tar -xvf Python-3.8.1.tgz
[root@baidu1 opt]# cd Python-3.8.1/
[root@google Python-3.8.1]# $ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python381 --enable-shared
[root@google Python-3.8.1]# $ make
[root@google Python-3.8.1]# $ make install
--enable-shared:强烈建议开启(开启后会生成.so文件,不开启是.a文件)。启用共享,方便其他依赖python的一些内置库(比如 mod_wsgi) 的资源的正常安装。
3、添加软链接
$ ln -s /usr/local/python381/bin/python3.8 /usr/bin/python3.8
$ ln -s /usr/local/python381/bin/pip3.8 /usr/bin/pip3.8
4、验证
python3.8 -V
5、配置环境变量
export PYTHON_HOME=/usr/local/python381
export PATH=$PYTHON_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PYTHON_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
# python3.7以后的版本编译后,在使用pip3安装依赖的时候报错:
Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.
解决办法:一开始认为是openssl,我的openssl version是1.0.2k。后来安装yum install libffi-devel openssl-devel -y就好了。
下面是升级openssl的办法
下载openssl源码,下载地址:https://www.openssl.org/source/old/1.0.2/
[root@google local]# wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.2u.tar.gz
[root@google local]# mv openssl-1.0.2u openssl-1.0.2u-src
[root@google local]# cd openssl-1.0.2u-src/
[root@google openssl-1.0.2u-src]# ./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl-1.0.2u shared zlib
[root@google openssl-1.0.2u-src]# make && make install
#make报错:Could not import runpy module
解决方法:
1、升级gcc至8.1.0【不推荐】
2、./configure参数中去掉 --enable-optimizations
#make报错:Failed to build these modules: _ctypes
解决办法:yum install libffi-devel -y