nodejs: url模块已过期，推荐使用URL类

对于一个url: const urlStr = "https://m.shop.com/home/share?id=4433&name=%E6%9D%8E%E5%A4%87&directCompanyId=&mobile=18951431099#detail"

import url from 'url';
import qs from 'querystring'

const url = url.parse(urlStr)
const query = qs.parse(url.query)

如果你在nodejs 11.0以后的版本上使用,编译器会提示已过期(since v11.0.0 - Use the WHATWG URL API),并推荐你使用URL.

这是因为nodejs的url.parse方法采用的传统的urlObject,不符合URL现存标准-WHATWG URL API,因此弃用了。同时
url.format(), url.resolve()也弃用了。

`WHATWG`是国际权威的技术标准组织

使用URL类对url进行操作,详细文档见

const url1 = new URL(urlStr)
const name: string = url1.searchParams.get('name');

对比url模块和URL类

分析上面的url

属性	url模块	URL类
protocol	✅	✅
host	✅	✅
port	✅	✅
hostname	✅	✅
search	✅	✅
query	✅	-
path	✅	-
pathname	✅	✅
href	✅	✅
hash	✅	✅
origin	-	✅

可以看出来，只有三个字段不同，分别是query,path,origin,下图展示区别

注：

• 上下相同颜色为统一属性对比
• 例如：url.search和URL.searchParams是相似的属性，放在一起比对，颜色相同。

打印两个对象的输出

// url模块，url.parse('link')
{
  protocol: 'https:',
  slashes: true,
  auth: null,
  host: 'm.shop.com',
  port: null,
  hostname: 'm.shop.com',
  hash: '#detail',
  search: '?id=4433&name=%E6%9D%8E%E5%A4%87&directCompanyId=&mobile=18951431099',
  query: 'id=4433&name=%E6%9D%8E%E5%A4%87&directCompanyId=&mobile=18951431099',
  pathname: '/home/share',
  path: '/home/share?id=4433&name=%E6%9D%8E%E5%A4%87&directCompanyId=&mobile=18951431099',
  href: 'https://m.shop.com/home/share?id=4433&name=%E6%9D%8E%E5%A4%87&directCompanyId=&mobile=18951431099#detail'
}
// new URL()
{
  href: 'https://m.shop.com/home/share?id=4433&name=%E6%9D%8E%E5%A4%87&directCompanyId=&mobile=18951431099#detail',
  origin: 'https://m.shop.com',
  protocol: 'https:',
  username: '',
  password: '',
  host: 'm.shop.com',
  hostname: 'm.shop.com',
  port: '',
  pathname: '/home/share',
  search: '?id=4433&name=%E6%9D%8E%E5%A4%87&directCompanyId=&mobile=18951431099',
  searchParams: URLSearchParams {
    'id' => '4433',
    'name' => '李备',
    'directCompanyId' => '',
    'mobile' => '18951431099' },
  hash: '#detail'
}

参考文献：

• 1.URL API
• 2.nodejs的url模块