Calendar 的set()与add()

最近在做日历相关的需求的时候，会经常需要获取当前日期的 月份第一天，上个月，的日期，接触最多的就是set() add()方法，

1. 先看看set()方法的使用

获取当前日期所处的月份的第一天

 public static String getThisMothFirstDayFormat(Calendar calendar, String format) {
        //拷贝传过来的日期，避免会同时修改原有日期
        Calendar calendarNow = (Calendar) calendar.clone();
        //调用set方法把当前月份设为第一天
        calendarNow.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1);
        return new SimpleDateFormat(format).format(calendarNow);
    }

设置当前月份为第一个月

 public static String getThisMothFirstDayFormat(Calendar calendar, String format) {
      //拷贝原有日期
        Calendar calendarNow = (Calendar) calendar.clone();
        calendarNow.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1);
        return new SimpleDateFormat(format).format(calendarNow);
    }

2. 再看看add()方法的使用

获取当前日期日期的后一天

 public static String getNowBeforeDays(Calendar calendar, String formatString) {
        Calendar nowCalendar = (Calendar) calendar.clone();
        //调用add()第一个参数传日，第二个传-1
        nowCalendar.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, -1);
        SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(formatString);
        return simpleDateFormat.format(nowCalendar.getTime());
    }

获取当前日期的后一个月

 public static String getNowBeforeDays(Calendar calendar, String formatString) {
        Calendar nowCalendar = (Calendar) calendar.clone();
        //调用add()第一个参数传月，第二个传1
        nowCalendar.add(Calendar.MONTH, 1);
        SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(formatString);
        return simpleDateFormat.format(nowCalendar.getTime());
    }

3.源码解析

	public void set(int field, int value)
    {
        // If the fields are partially normalized, calculate all the
        // fields before changing any fields.
        if (areFieldsSet && !areAllFieldsSet) {
            computeFields();
        }
        //1 .调用interSet()
        internalSet(field, value);
        isTimeSet = false;
        areFieldsSet = false;
        isSet[field] = true;
        stamp[field] = nextStamp++;
        if (nextStamp == Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
            adjustStamp();
        }
    }
    
 final void internalSet(int field, int value)
    {
    //fieleds是数组，根据field下标去修改值
        fields[field] = value;
    }

由此可见当我们调用set()方法时，就是修改它的值

Calendar.java
    abstract public void add(int field, int amount);
//点进去看是抽象方法，所以去他的实现类中找

GregorianCalendar.java
//因代码过长我们只看核心部分
 public void add(int field, int amount) {
       ...
       //当field是年的时候
        if (field == YEAR) {
            int year = internalGet(YEAR);
            if (internalGetEra() == CE) {
           //year加上amount
                year += amount;
                if (year > 0) {
                把上面加减的结果在设置到YEAR中，设置的流程就是上面分析的set()方法
                    set(YEAR, year);
                } else { // year <= 0
                    set(YEAR, 1 - year);
                    // if year == 0, you get 1 BCE.
                    set(ERA, BCE);
                }
            }
            else { // era == BCE
                year -= amount;
                if (year > 0) {
                    set(YEAR, year);
                } else { // year <= 0
                    set(YEAR, 1 - year);
                    // if year == 0, you get 1 CE
                    set(ERA, CE);
                }
            }
            pinDayOfMonth();

        } 
//Month同year
else if (field == MONTH) {
            int month = internalGet(MONTH) + amount;
            int year = internalGet(YEAR);
            int y_amount;

            if (month >= 0) {
                y_amount = month/12;
            } else {
                y_amount = (month+1)/12 - 1;
            }
            if (y_amount != 0) {
                if (internalGetEra() == CE) {
                    year += y_amount;
                    if (year > 0) {
                        set(YEAR, year);
                    } else { // year <= 0
                        set(YEAR, 1 - year);
                        // if year == 0, you get 1 BCE
                        set(ERA, BCE);
                    }
                }
                else { // era == BCE
                    year -= y_amount;
                    if (year > 0) {
                        set(YEAR, year);
                    } else { // year <= 0
                        set(YEAR, 1 - year);
                        // if year == 0, you get 1 CE
                        set(ERA, CE);
                    }
                }
            }

            if (month >= 0) {
                set(MONTH,  month % 12);
            } else {
                // month < 0
                month %= 12;
                if (month < 0) {
                    month += 12;
                }
                set(MONTH, JANUARY + month);
            }
            pinDayOfMonth();
        } else if (field == ERA) {
            int era = internalGet(ERA) + amount;
            if (era < 0) {
                era = 0;
            }
            if (era > 1) {
                era = 1;
            }
            set(ERA, era);
        } else {
            long delta = amount;
            long timeOfDay = 0;
            switch (field) {
            // Handle the time fields here. Convert the given
            // amount to milliseconds and call setTimeInMillis.
            case HOUR:
            case HOUR_OF_DAY:
                delta *= 60 * 60 * 1000;        // hours to minutes
                break;

            case MINUTE:
                delta *= 60 * 1000;             // minutes to seconds
                break;

            case SECOND:
                delta *= 1000;                  // seconds to milliseconds
                break;

            case MILLISECOND:
                break;

            // Handle week, day and AM_PM fields which involves
            // time zone offset change adjustment. Convert the
            // given amount to the number of days.
            case WEEK_OF_YEAR:
            case WEEK_OF_MONTH:
            case DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH:
                delta *= 7;
                break;

            case DAY_OF_MONTH: // synonym of DATE
            case DAY_OF_YEAR:
            case DAY_OF_WEEK:
                break;

            case AM_PM:
                // Convert the amount to the number of days (delta)
                // and +12 or -12 hours (timeOfDay).
                delta = amount / 2;
                timeOfDay = 12 * (amount % 2);
                break;
            }

            // The time fields don't require time zone offset change
            // adjustment.
            if (field >= HOUR) {
                setTimeInMillis(time + delta);
                return;
            }

            // The rest of the fields (week, day or AM_PM fields)
            // require time zone offset (both GMT and DST) change
            // adjustment.

            // Translate the current time to the fixed date and time
            // of the day.
            long fd = getCurrentFixedDate();
            timeOfDay += internalGet(HOUR_OF_DAY);
            timeOfDay *= 60;
            timeOfDay += internalGet(MINUTE);
            timeOfDay *= 60;
            timeOfDay += internalGet(SECOND);
            timeOfDay *= 1000;
            timeOfDay += internalGet(MILLISECOND);
            if (timeOfDay >= ONE_DAY) {
                fd++;
                timeOfDay -= ONE_DAY;
            } else if (timeOfDay < 0) {
                fd--;
                timeOfDay += ONE_DAY;
            }

            fd += delta; // fd is the expected fixed date after the calculation
            // BEGIN Android-changed: time zone related calculation via helper methods
            // Calculate the time in the UTC time zone.
            long utcTime = (fd - EPOCH_OFFSET) * ONE_DAY + timeOfDay;

            // Neither of the time zone related fields are relevant because they have not been
            // set since the call to complete() above.
            int tzMask = 0;

            // Adjust the time to account for zone and daylight savings time offset.
            long millis = adjustForZoneAndDaylightSavingsTime(tzMask, utcTime, getZone());

            // Update the time and recompute the fields.
            setTimeInMillis(millis);
            // END Android-changed: time zone related calculation via helper methods
        }
    }

总结

set() 方法就是直接修改
add() 方法就是被当前值就行加减