自学opencv日记，day8

Sobel算子

什么是方向导数和梯度

Ps:实战中多用近似计算，用加减计算代替乘除计算以满足对速度的要求。

API：

Sobel代码：

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
	Mat src, dst;
	src = imread("C:/Users/Administrator/Pictures/20160711084909.jpg");
	if (!src.data)
		cout << "无法识别" << endl;

	namedWindow("input image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("input image", src);

	GaussianBlur(src, dst, Size(3, 3), 0, 0);
	Mat gray_src;
	cvtColor(dst, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY);
	Mat xgrad, ygrad;
	Sobel(gray_src, xgrad, CV_16S, 1, 0, 3);
	Sobel(gray_src, ygrad, CV_16S, 0, 1, 3);
	//convertScaleAbs(xgrad, xgrad);
	//convertScaleAbs(ygrad, ygrad);

	imshow("xgrad", xgrad);
	imshow("ygrad", ygrad);
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

图1-1 Sobel算子生产x和y方向的梯度

如果改成-1，能明显看出图形不理想

图1-2 Sobel算子生产x和y方向的梯度（改成-1）

	addWeighted(xgrad, 0.5, ygrad, 0.5, 0, xygrad);
	imshow("final image", xygrad);

图1-3 Sobel算子生产x和y方向的梯度加起来

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
	Mat src, dst;
	src = imread("C:/Users/Administrator/Pictures/20160711084909.jpg");
	if (!src.data)
		cout << "无法识别" << endl;

	namedWindow("input image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("input image", src);

	GaussianBlur(src, dst, Size(3, 3), 0, 0);
	Mat gray_src;
	cvtColor(dst, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY);
	Mat xgrad, ygrad;
	Sobel(gray_src, xgrad, CV_16S, 1, 0, 3);
	Sobel(gray_src, ygrad, CV_16S, 0, 1, 3);
	convertScaleAbs(xgrad, xgrad);
	convertScaleAbs(ygrad, ygrad);

	Mat xygrad = Mat(xgrad.size(), xgrad.type());
	int width = xgrad.cols;
	int height = xgrad.rows;
	for(int row = 0; row<height;row++)
		for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
			int xg = xgrad.at<uchar>(row, col);
			int yg = ygrad.at<uchar>(row, col);
			int xy = xg + yg;
			xygrad.at<uchar>(row, col) = saturate_cast<uchar>(xy);
		}
	//addWeighted(xgrad, 0.5, ygrad, 0.5, 0, xygrad);
	imshow("final image", xygrad);
	//imshow("xgrad", xgrad);
	//imshow("ygrad", ygrad);
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

图1-4 Sobel算子生产x和y方向的梯度绝对值相加

图1-5 Sobel算子生产x和y方向的梯度绝对值相加（左）对比addWeighted直接相加

opencv中addWeighted()函数用法总结

opencv的Sobel：

	//Sobel(gray_src, xgrad, CV_16S, 1, 0, 3);
	//Sobel(gray_src, ygrad, CV_16S, 0, 1, 3);//普通sobel

	Scharr(gray_src, xgrad, CV_16S, 1, 0);//opencv的sobel
	Scharr(gray_src, ygrad, CV_16S, 1, 0);

图1-6 opencv的Sobel算子生产x和y方向的梯度.

Laplance算子

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
	Mat src, dst;
	src = imread("C:/Users/Administrator/Pictures/20160711084909.jpg");
	if (!src.data)
	{
		cout << "无法加载图像" << endl;
		return -1;
	}
	namedWindow("input image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	namedWindow("Laplance image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);


	Mat gray_src, edge_image;
	GaussianBlur(src, dst, Size(3, 3), 0, 0);
	cvtColor(dst, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY);
	Laplacian(gray_src, edge_image, CV_16S, 3);
	convertScaleAbs(edge_image, edge_image);
	imshow("input image", src);
	imshow("Laplance image", edge_image);

	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

图1-7 Laplace算子

二值化后输出：

threshold(edge_image, edge_image, 0, 255, THRESH_OTSU | THRESH_BINARY);

图1-8 Laplace算子（二值化后的）