安工Docker训练营Docker基础知识学习记录之docker安装

一、学习知识点概要

基本准备：

Docker 的安装和使用有一些前提条件，需要在电脑上安装VMware和安装Linux操作系统，我安装的是Centos7。

二、学习内容

安装Docker

[root@node02 ~]# sudo curl -sS https://get.docker.com/ | sh

安装成功后查看版本

[root@node04 ~]# docker --version
Docker version 20.10.5, build 55c4c88
#使用docker version 可以查看更详细的版本信息
[root@node04 ~]# docker images 
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
hello-world   latest    d1165f221234   5 weeks ago   13.3kB
[root@node04 ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.5
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.13.15
 Git commit:        55c4c88
 Built:             Tue Mar  2 20:33:55 2021
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.5
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.13.15
  Git commit:       363e9a8
  Built:            Tue Mar  2 20:32:17 2021
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.4.4
  GitCommit:        05f951a3781f4f2c1911b05e61c160e9c30eaa8e
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.0-rc93
  GitCommit:        12644e614e25b05da6fd08a38ffa0cfe1903fdec
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

测试

[root@node04 ~]# docker run hello-world
#运行hello-world时他先查找本地镜像库中有hello-world镜像没
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
#没有就从远程的仓库中拉取
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
b8dfde127a29: Already exists 
Digest: sha256:308866a43596e83578c7dfa15e27a73011bdd402185a84c5cd7f32a88b501a24
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

查看镜像

[root@node04 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
hello-world   latest    d1165f221234   5 weeks ago   13.3kB

删除镜像

[root@node04 ~]# docker rmi -f d1165f221234
Untagged: hello-world:latest
Untagged: hello-world@sha256:308866a43596e83578c7dfa15e27a73011bdd402185a84c5cd7f32a88b501a24
Deleted: sha256:d1165f2212346b2bab48cb01c1e39ee8ad1be46b87873d9ca7a4e434980a7726

三、学习问题与解答

由于docker镜像源的下载速度太慢把docker的源改为阿里云的镜像加速器

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://i8rx8vie.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

执行以上命令就可以改为阿里云的镜像加速器。
判断是否改为阿里云的镜像加速器

[root@node04 ~]# docker info
#其中的信息中有这个就表示成功了
Registry Mirrors:
  https://ix8vie.mirror.aliyuncs.com/
 Live Restore Enabled: false

四、学习思考与总结

了解到了docker的安装。继续努力。。。。