hadoop3.x——上传命令（Shell）

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-26 13:24:12 发布

wakeup42

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-26 13:24:12 发布

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分类专栏： hadoop 文章标签： hadoop hdfs 大数据

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wake_up_42/article/details/126690740

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基本语法

hadoop fs + 具体命令（推荐）

hdfs dfs + 具体命令

（区别：

hadoop fs ：通用的文件系统命令，针对任何系统，比如本地文件、HDFS文件、HFTP文件、S3文件系统等。

hadoop dfs ：特定针对HDFS的文件系统的相关操作，不推荐使用。

hdfs dfs ：与hadoop dfs类似，同样是针对HDFS文件系统的操作，替代hadoop dfs。）

关于命令

使用hadoop fs查看命令：

[adming@hadoop101 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs
Usage: hadoop fs [generic options]
	[-appendToFile <localsrc> ... <dst>]
	[-cat [-ignoreCrc] <src> ...]
	[-checksum <src> ...]
	[-chgrp [-R] GROUP PATH...]
	[-chmod [-R] <MODE[,MODE]... | OCTALMODE> PATH...]
	[-chown [-R] [OWNER][:[GROUP]] PATH...]
	[-copyFromLocal [-f] [-p] [-l] [-d] [-t <thread count>] <localsrc> ... <dst>]
	[-copyToLocal [-f] [-p] [-ignoreCrc] [-crc] <src> ... <localdst>]
	[-count [-q] [-h] [-v] [-t [<storage type>]] [-u] [-x] [-e] <path> ...]
	[-cp [-f] [-p | -p[topax]] [-d] <src> ... <dst>]
	[-createSnapshot <snapshotDir> [<snapshotName>]]
	[-deleteSnapshot <snapshotDir> <snapshotName>]
	[-df [-h] [<path> ...]]
	[-du [-s] [-h] [-v] [-x] <path> ...]
	[-expunge]
	[-find <path> ... <expression> ...]
	[-get [-f] [-p] [-ignoreCrc] [-crc] <src> ... <localdst>]
	[-getfacl [-R] <path>]
	[-getfattr [-R] {-n name | -d} [-e en] <path>]
	[-getmerge [-nl] [-skip-empty-file] <src> <localdst>]
	[-head <file>]
	[-help [cmd ...]]
	[-ls [-C] [-d] [-h] [-q] [-R] [-t] [-S] [-r] [-u] [-e] [<path> ...]]
	[-mkdir [-p] <path> ...]
	[-moveFromLocal <localsrc> ... <dst>]
	[-moveToLocal <src> <localdst>]
	[-mv <src> ... <dst>]
	[-put [-f] [-p] [-l] [-d] <localsrc> ... <dst>]
	[-renameSnapshot <snapshotDir> <oldName> <newName>]
	[-rm [-f] [-r|-R] [-skipTrash] [-safely] <src> ...]
	[-rmdir [--ignore-fail-on-non-empty] <dir> ...]
	[-setfacl [-R] [{-b|-k} {-m|-x <acl_spec>} <path>]|[--set <acl_spec> <path>]]
	[-setfattr {-n name [-v value] | -x name} <path>]
	[-setrep [-R] [-w] <rep> <path> ...]
	[-stat [format] <path> ...]
	[-tail [-f] [-s <sleep interval>] <file>]
	[-test -[defsz] <path>]
	[-text [-ignoreCrc] <src> ...]
	[-touch [-a] [-m] [-t TIMESTAMP ] [-c] <path> ...]
	[-touchz <path> ...]
	[-truncate [-w] <length> <path> ...]
	[-usage [cmd ...]]

Generic options supported are:
-conf <configuration file>        specify an application configuration file
-D <property=value>               define a value for a given property
-fs <file:///|hdfs://namenode:port> specify default filesystem URL to use, overrides 'fs.defaultFS' property from configurations.
-jt <local|resourcemanager:port>  specify a ResourceManager
-files <file1,...>                specify a comma-separated list of files to be copied to the map reduce cluster
-libjars <jar1,...>               specify a comma-separated list of jar files to be included in the classpath
-archives <archive1,...>          specify a comma-separated list of archives to be unarchived on the compute machines

The general command line syntax is:
command [genericOptions] [commandOptions]

获取关于命令的参数等信息（eg：hadoop fs -help rm）

[adming@hadoop101 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -help rm
-rm [-f] [-r|-R] [-skipTrash] [-safely] <src> ... :
  Delete all files that match the specified file pattern. Equivalent to the Unix
  command "rm <src>"
                                                                                 
  -f          If the file does not exist, do not display a diagnostic message or 
              modify the exit status to reflect an error.                        
  -[rR]       Recursively deletes directories.                                   
  -skipTrash  option bypasses trash, if enabled, and immediately deletes <src>.  
  -safely     option requires safety confirmation, if enabled, requires          
              confirmation before deleting large directory with more than        
              <hadoop.shell.delete.limit.num.files> files. Delay is expected when
              walking over large directory recursively to count the number of    
              files to be deleted before the confirmation.

上传命令

启动集群

上传

从本地剪切到HDFS：-moveFromLocal（先创建一个文件，再进行上传，可以看到文件夹中文件已经没有了，web端可以看到文件已经上传成功）

[adming@hadoop101 hadoop-3.1.3]$ vim shuguo.txt
[adming@hadoop101 hadoop-3.1.3]$ ll
总用量 180
drwxr-xr-x. 2 adming adming    183 9月  12 2019 bin
drwxrwxr-x. 4 adming adming     37 8月  21 16:19 data
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming     20 9月  12 2019 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 adming adming    106 9月  12 2019 include
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming     20 9月  12 2019 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 4 adming adming    288 9月  12 2019 libexec
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming 147145 9月   4 2019 LICENSE.txt
drwxrwxr-x. 3 adming adming   4096 9月   4 16:27 logs
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming  21867 9月   4 2019 NOTICE.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming   4096 9月  12 2019 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 4 adming adming     31 9月  12 2019 share
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming      7 9月   4 16:44 shuguo.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root       22 8月  18 08:55 wcinput
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root       88 8月  18 08:59 wcoutput
[adming@hadoop101 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -moveFromLocal ./shuguo.txt /sanguo
2022-09-04 16:45:03,465 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false
[adming@hadoop101 hadoop-3.1.3]$ ll
总用量 176
drwxr-xr-x. 2 adming adming    183 9月  12 2019 bin
drwxrwxr-x. 4 adming adming     37 8月  21 16:19 data
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming     20 9月  12 2019 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 adming adming    106 9月  12 2019 include
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming     20 9月  12 2019 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 4 adming adming    288 9月  12 2019 libexec
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming 147145 9月   4 2019 LICENSE.txt
drwxrwxr-x. 3 adming adming   4096 9月   4 16:27 logs
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming  21867 9月   4 2019 NOTICE.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming   4096 9月  12 2019 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 4 adming adming     31 9月  12 2019 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root       22 8月  18 08:55 wcinput
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root       88 8月  18 08:59 wcoutput

从本地复制到HDFS：-copyFromLocal（与上述过程一致，有区别的地方是文件夹中的文件还在）

[adming@hadoop101 hadoop-3.1.3]$ vim weiguo.txt
[adming@hadoop101 hadoop-3.1.3]$ ll
总用量 180
drwxr-xr-x. 2 adming adming    183 9月  12 2019 bin
drwxrwxr-x. 4 adming adming     37 8月  21 16:19 data
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming     20 9月  12 2019 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 adming adming    106 9月  12 2019 include
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming     20 9月  12 2019 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 4 adming adming    288 9月  12 2019 libexec
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming 147145 9月   4 2019 LICENSE.txt
drwxrwxr-x. 3 adming adming   4096 9月   4 16:27 logs
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming  21867 9月   4 2019 NOTICE.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming   4096 9月  12 2019 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 4 adming adming     31 9月  12 2019 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root       22 8月  18 08:55 wcinput
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root       88 8月  18 08:59 wcoutput
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming      7 9月   4 16:48 weiguo.txt
[adming@hadoop101 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -copyFromLocal ./weiguo.txt /sanguo
2022-09-04 16:48:39,422 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false
[adming@hadoop101 hadoop-3.1.3]$ ll
总用量 180
drwxr-xr-x. 2 adming adming    183 9月  12 2019 bin
drwxrwxr-x. 4 adming adming     37 8月  21 16:19 data
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming     20 9月  12 2019 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 adming adming    106 9月  12 2019 include
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming     20 9月  12 2019 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 4 adming adming    288 9月  12 2019 libexec
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming 147145 9月   4 2019 LICENSE.txt
drwxrwxr-x. 3 adming adming   4096 9月   4 16:27 logs
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming  21867 9月   4 2019 NOTICE.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming   4096 9月  12 2019 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 4 adming adming     31 9月  12 2019 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root       22 8月  18 08:55 wcinput
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root       88 8月  18 08:59 wcoutput
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming      7 9月   4 16:48 weiguo.txt

-put == -copyFromLocal

[adming@hadoop101 hadoop-3.1.3]$ vim wuguo.txt
[adming@hadoop101 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -put ./wuguo.txt /sanguo
2022-09-04 16:52:45,086 INFO sasl.SaslDataTransferClient: SASL encryption trust check: localHostTrusted = false, remoteHostTrusted = false
[adming@hadoop101 hadoop-3.1.3]$ ll
总用量 184
drwxr-xr-x. 2 adming adming    183 9月  12 2019 bin
drwxrwxr-x. 4 adming adming     37 8月  21 16:19 data
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming     20 9月  12 2019 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 adming adming    106 9月  12 2019 include
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming     20 9月  12 2019 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 4 adming adming    288 9月  12 2019 libexec
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming 147145 9月   4 2019 LICENSE.txt
drwxrwxr-x. 3 adming adming   4096 9月   4 16:27 logs
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming  21867 9月   4 2019 NOTICE.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming   4096 9月  12 2019 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 4 adming adming     31 9月  12 2019 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root       22 8月  18 08:55 wcinput
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root       88 8月  18 08:59 wcoutput
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming      7 9月   4 16:48 weiguo.txt
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming      6 9月   4 16:52 wuguo.txt

在文件末尾追加 -appendToFile（可以看到已经追加成功）

[adming@hadoop101 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -appendToFile shuguo.txt /sanguo/shuguo.txt
appendToFile: Failed to APPEND_FILE /sanguo/shuguo.txt for DFSClient_NONMAPREDUCE_-1031146763_1 on 192.168.10.101 because this file lease is currently owned by DFSClient_NONMAPREDUCE_1486371630_1 on 192.168.10.101
[adming@hadoop101 hadoop-3.1.3]$ ll
总用量 188
drwxr-xr-x. 2 adming adming    183 9月  12 2019 bin
drwxrwxr-x. 4 adming adming     37 8月  21 16:19 data
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming     20 9月  12 2019 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 adming adming    106 9月  12 2019 include
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming     20 9月  12 2019 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 4 adming adming    288 9月  12 2019 libexec
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming 147145 9月   4 2019 LICENSE.txt
drwxrwxr-x. 3 adming adming   4096 9月   4 16:27 logs
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming  21867 9月   4 2019 NOTICE.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 3 adming adming   4096 9月  12 2019 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 4 adming adming     31 9月  12 2019 share
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming      7 9月   4 16:55 shuguo.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root       22 8月  18 08:55 wcinput
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root       88 8月  18 08:59 wcoutput
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming      7 9月   4 16:48 weiguo.txt
-rw-rw-r--. 1 adming adming      6 9月   4 16:52 wuguo.txt
[adming@hadoop101 hadoop-3.1.3]$

追加报错

报错代码

[adming@hadoop101 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -appendToFile liubei.txt /sanguo/shuguo.txt
appendToFile: Failed to APPEND_FILE /sanguo/shuguo.txt for DFSClient_NONMAPREDUCE_-1659590145_1 on 192.168.10.101 because lease recovery is in progress. Try again later.

解决方法

在hdfs-site.xml中添加如下代码：

<!-- appendToFile追加 -->
<property>
        <name>dfs.support.append</name>
        <value>true</value>
</property>

<property>
        <name>dfs.client.block.write.replace-datanode-on-failure.policy</name>
        <value>NEVER</value>
</property>
<property>
        <name>dfs.client.block.write.replace-datanode-on-failure.enable</name>
        <value>true</value>
</property>

重启集群后再进行追加尝试。