【win32】day07-图形绘制/GDI绘图对象-画笔/画刷

图形绘制

1.1 图形绘制的方式

  获取到绘图句柄-设备描述表(DC),使用相应

  的绘图的API,在设备上绘制图形.

  

1.2 颜色

  R\G\B三色,每种颜色8位,共24位颜色.

  32位颜色:颜色数量24位颜色(8-8-8),多出来的8位

 表示灰度.

  16位:颜色数量2的16次方.(5-6-5)

  

  Win32下,颜色的定义COLORREF(DWORD), RGB宏定义颜色

COLORREF nColor = RGB( 0,  0,  0 );//黑色

COLORREF nColor = RGB( 255,255,255 );//白色

COLORREF nColor = RGB( 255,0,  0 );//红色

  从一个颜色中获取RGB三色:

int nBlue = GetBValue( nColor );

int nRed  = GetRValue( nColor );

int nGreen= GetGValue( nColor );

1.3 点的绘制和获取
  绘制: COLORREF SetPixel(
HDC hdc, //DC句柄
int X, //x坐标
int Y, //y坐标
COLORREF crColor ); // 点的颜色


  获取: COLORREF GetPixel(
 HDC hdc,   //DC句柄
 int XPos,  //x坐标
 int nYPos ); //y坐标
返回指定坐标位置的点的颜色


1.4 直线的绘制
  MoveToEx 移动当前点到指定位置
  LineTo 从当前点绘制直线到指定位置


1.5 弧的绘制
   Arc和AngleArc提供不同的绘制弧的方式:
   1.5.1 BOOL Arc( HDC hdc, 
 int nLeftRect, // 外切矩形的坐标左
 int nTopRect,//外切矩形的坐标上
 int nRightRect,//外切矩形的坐标右
 int nBottomRect,//外切矩形的坐标下
 int nXStartArc,//起始切割半径的X坐标
 int nYStartArc,//起始切割半径的Y坐标
 int nXEndArc, //终止切割半径的X坐标
 int nYEndArc ); //终止切割半径的X坐标
可以使用SetArcDirection函数,设置Arc函数切割方向:顺时针和逆时针.
   1.5.2 BOOL AngleArc(
HDC hdc, // handle to device context
int X, //圆心的X坐标
int Y, //圆心的Y坐标
DWORD dwRadius,//圆的半径
FLOAT eStartAngle,//开始角度
 FLOAT eSweepAngle );//夹角


1.6 折线
   1.6.1 BOOL Polyline(
HDC hdc, //DC句柄
CONST POINT *lppt,//Polyline顶点的坐标数组
int cPoints ); //顶点数组的长度
   1.6.2 PolylineTo 与Polyline类似, 只是在
 绘制Polyline前,从当前点( 没有设置的话，是0,0点)使用LineTo绘制直线到Polyline的第一个顶点.
   1.6.3 绘制多组折线 PolyPolyline
 BOOL PolyPolyline( HDC hdc,
CONST POINT *lppt,//所有点的数组
 CONST DWORD *lpdwPolyPoints,//每组点的数量
 DWORD cCount );//分组的数量
例如:
DWORD nGroup[] = { 4, 3 };
PolyPolyline( hDC, ptPolyLine,nGroup, 2 );


1.7 Bizer曲线
BOOL PolyBezier(HDC hdc, 
CONST POINT *lppt,//点数组,最少4个点
DWORD cPoints );//点的数量
4个点: 1和4是端点,2.3点是控制点
7个点: 1.4.7是端点,其余是控制点


1.8 多样式的线条
BOOL PolyDraw( HDC hdc,
CONST POINT *lppt,//各个点的数组
CONST BYTE *lpbTypes, //从某点到下一点的绘制方式 pointer to line and curve identifiers
int cCount); //点的数量
lpbTypes - PT_MOVETO  移动到该点
  PT_LINETO  绘直线
  PT_BIZERTO Biezer曲线


 1.9 矩形的绘制
   1.9.1 普通矩形 Rectangle 
   1.9.2 带圆角的矩形 
BOOL RoundRect( HDC hdc,
int nLeftRect, //左上X坐标
 int nTopRect, //左上Y坐标
int nRightRect,//右下X坐标
int nBottomRect, //右下Y坐标
int nWidth, //生成圆角的椭圆的宽度
int nHeight );//生成圆角的椭圆的高度


 1.10 椭圆和圆
   BOOL Ellipse( HDC hdc,
   int nLeftRect, //外切矩形左上X坐标
   int nTopRect,//外切矩形左上Y坐标
   int nRightRect, //外切矩形右下X坐标
   int nBottomRect); //外切矩形右下Y坐标


 1.11 饼Pie
   BOOL Pie( HDC hdc, 
   int nLeftRect, //外切矩形左上X坐标
int nTopRect, //外切矩形左上Y坐标
   int nRightRect,  //外切矩形右下X坐标
   int nBottomRect, //外切矩形右下Y坐标
   int nXRadial1,//切割起始半径X坐标
   int nYRadial1,//切割起始半径Y坐标
   int nXRadial2,//切割终止半径X坐标
   int nYRadial2 );//切割终止半径Y坐标


 1.12 弦
   BOOL Chord( HDC hdc, 
   int nLeftRect, //外切矩形左上X坐标
int nTopRect, //外切矩形左上Y坐标
   int nRightRect,  //外切矩形右下X坐标
   int nBottomRect, //外切矩形右下Y坐标
   int nXRadial1,//切割起始半径X坐标
   int nYRadial1,//切割起始半径Y坐标
   int nXRadial2,//切割终止半径X坐标
   int nYRadial2 );//切割终止半径Y坐标


 1.13 多边形
   BOOL Polygon( HDC hdc,
CONST POINT *lpPoints, //多边形的顶点
int nCount ); //顶点的数量
   PolyPolygon 可以绘制多组多边形

GDI绘图对象 - 画笔

2.1 画笔的作用
  可以控制线条的颜色、样式、宽度。
2.2 画笔的使用
  2.2.1 创建画笔 CreatePen
HPEN CreatePen(
int fnPenStyle, //画笔的样式
 int nWidth, //画笔的宽度
COLORREF crColor);//画笔的颜色
  2.2.2 置成当前DC可以使用的画笔
HGDIOBJ SelectObject(
 HDC hdc, // 当前DC的句柄
 HGDIOBJ hgdiobj );//要使用的GDI对象句柄
返回当前DC原来使用的同类型的GDI对象句柄。
  2.2.3 绘制图形
  2.2.4 从当前DC中取出画笔,即将旧画笔
放入当前DC中
SelectObject( hDC, hOldPen );
  2.2.5 销毁画笔
DeleteObject( hPen );
画笔使用时，由于绘图资源有限，一定要
注意释放。

GDI绘图对象 -画刷

3.1 画刷的作用

  填充封闭图形，包括样式、颜色等。

3.2 画刷的使用

  3.2.1 创建画刷

 CreateSolidBrush 创建实心画刷

 CreateHatchBrush 创建阴影线的画刷

  3.2.2 置成当前DC可以使用的画刷

 SelectObject 和画笔使用方式类似

  3.2.3 绘制图形

  3.2.4 取出画刷

 SelectObject 和画笔使用方式类似

  3.2.5 销毁画刷

 DeleteObject 和画笔使用方式类似

// WinDraw.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "resource.h"

HINSTANCE g_hInst     = NULL;
int       g_nDrawType = 0;
COLORREF  g_nPenColor = RGB( 0, 0, 0 );
int		  g_nPenStyle = PS_SOLID;
int       g_nPenWdith = 1;

COLORREF  g_nBrushColor = RGB( 255, 255, 255 );
int       g_nBrushStyle = 0xFFFFFFFF;

void DrawPixel( HDC hDC )
{
	COLORREF nColor = RGB( 0, 0, 0 );
	SetPixel( hDC, 100, 100, nColor );
}

void GetPixelColor( HDC hDC )
{	//获取点的颜色
	COLORREF nColor = 
		GetPixel( hDC, 100, 100 );
	//获取颜色的三色值
	int nRed   = GetRValue( nColor );
	int nGreen = GetGValue( nColor );
	int nBlue  = GetBValue( nColor );

	CHAR szText[260] = { 0 };
	sprintf( szText, 
		"COLOR=%08X, RED=%d GREEN=%d BLUE=%d",
		nColor, nRed, nGreen, nBlue );
	MessageBox( NULL, szText, "WinDraw", MB_OK );
}

void DrawLine( HDC hDC )
{
	MoveToEx( hDC, 0, 0, NULL );
	LineTo( hDC, 500, 500 );
	MoveToEx( hDC, 500, 0, NULL );
	LineTo( hDC, 0, 500 );
}

void DrawArc( HDC hDC )
{	//逆时针的方式
	SetArcDirection( hDC, 
		AD_COUNTERCLOCKWISE );
	//通过外切矩形和切割线
	Arc( hDC, 400, 200, 500, 300,
		500, 200, 400, 200);
	//顺时针的方式
	SetArcDirection( hDC, 
		AD_CLOCKWISE );
	Arc( hDC, 500, 200, 600, 300,
		600, 200, 500, 200);
	
	MoveToEx( hDC, 200, 200, NULL );
	//指定圆心和角度
	AngleArc( hDC, 200, 200, 100,
		60, 240 );
	LineTo( hDC, 200, 200 );
}

void DrawPolyLine( HDC hDC )
{
	POINT ptPolyLine[7] = { 0 };
	ptPolyLine[0].x = 100;
	ptPolyLine[0].y = 100;
	ptPolyLine[1].x = 200;
	ptPolyLine[1].y = 100;
	ptPolyLine[2].x = 200;
	ptPolyLine[2].y = 200;
	ptPolyLine[3].x = 300;
	ptPolyLine[3].y = 200;
	ptPolyLine[4].x = 300;
	ptPolyLine[4].y = 300;
	ptPolyLine[5].x = 400;
	ptPolyLine[5].y = 300;
	ptPolyLine[6].x = 400;
	ptPolyLine[6].y = 400;

	//Polyline( hDC, ptPolyLine, 7 );
	//PolylineTo( hDC, ptPolyLine, 3 );

	DWORD nGroup[] = { 4, 3 };
	PolyPolyline( hDC, ptPolyLine,nGroup, 2 );
}

void DrawBizer( HDC hDC )
{
	POINT ptBizer[7] = { 0 };
	ptBizer[0].x = 100; //端点
	ptBizer[0].y = 100; //
	ptBizer[1].x = 100; //控制点
	ptBizer[1].y = 50;  //
	ptBizer[2].x = 300; //控制点
	ptBizer[2].y = 150; //
	ptBizer[3].x = 300; //端点
	ptBizer[3].y = 100; //
	ptBizer[4].x = 300; //控制点
	ptBizer[4].y = 400;
	ptBizer[5].x = 400; //控制点
	ptBizer[5].y = 200;
	ptBizer[6].x = 500; //端点
	ptBizer[6].y = 300;
	
	PolyBezier( hDC, ptBizer, 7 );
	MoveToEx( hDC, ptBizer[0].x, 
		ptBizer[0].y, NULL );
	LineTo( hDC, ptBizer[1].x, ptBizer[1].y );
	MoveToEx( hDC, ptBizer[3].x, 
		ptBizer[3].y, NULL );
	LineTo( hDC, ptBizer[2].x, ptBizer[2].y );
}

void DrawPolyDraw( HDC hDC )
{
	POINT ptDraw[4] = { 0 };
	ptDraw[0].x = 100;
	ptDraw[0].y = 100;
	ptDraw[1].x = 200;
	ptDraw[1].y = 100;
	ptDraw[2].x = 200;
	ptDraw[2].y = 200;
	ptDraw[3].x = 300;
	ptDraw[3].y = 200;

	BYTE ptType[4] = {0};
	ptType[0] = PT_MOVETO;
	ptType[1] = PT_LINETO;
	ptType[2] = PT_MOVETO;
	ptType[3] = PT_LINETO;

	PolyDraw( hDC, ptDraw, ptType, 4 );
}

void DrawRect( HDC hDC )
{	//矩形
	Rectangle( hDC, 100, 100, 200, 200 );
	//带圆角矩形
	RoundRect( hDC, 300, 100, 400, 200, 50, 50 );
}

void DrawEllipse( HDC hDC )
{	//圆
	Ellipse( hDC, 100, 100, 200, 200 );
	//椭圆
	Ellipse( hDC, 300, 100, 500, 200 );
}

void DrawPie( HDC hDC )
{
	Pie( hDC, 100, 100, 500, 400,
		500, 100, 100, 100 );
}

void DrawChord( HDC hDC )
{
	Chord( hDC, 100, 100, 500, 400,
		500, 100, 100, 100 );
}

void DrawPloygon( HDC hDC )
{
	POINT ptPloygon[4] = { 0 };
	ptPloygon[0].x = 100;
	ptPloygon[0].y = 100;
	ptPloygon[1].x = 200;
	ptPloygon[1].y = 100;
	ptPloygon[3].x = 600;
	ptPloygon[3].y = 300;
	ptPloygon[2].x = 500;
	ptPloygon[2].y = 300;

	Polygon( hDC, ptPloygon, 4 );
}

void OnPaint( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,
	 WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
	PAINTSTRUCT ps = { 0 };
	HDC hDC = BeginPaint( hWnd, &ps );
	//创建画笔
	HPEN hPen = CreatePen( g_nPenStyle, 
		g_nPenWdith, g_nPenColor );
	//设置画笔到当前DC
	HPEN hOldPen = (HPEN)
		SelectObject( hDC, hPen );
	//创建画刷
	HBRUSH hBrush = NULL;
	if( g_nBrushStyle == 0xFFFFFFFF )
	{
		hBrush = CreateSolidBrush( g_nBrushColor );
	}
	else
	{
		hBrush = CreateHatchBrush( 
			g_nBrushStyle, g_nBrushColor );	
	}
	//设置画刷到当前DC
	HBRUSH hOldBrush = (HBRUSH)
		SelectObject( hDC, hBrush );
	//绘制图形
	switch( g_nDrawType )
	{
	case ID_SETPIXEL:
		DrawPixel( hDC );
		break;
	case ID_GETPIXEL:
		GetPixelColor( hDC );
		break;
	case ID_LINE:
		DrawLine( hDC );
		break;
	case ID_ARC:
		DrawArc( hDC );
		break;
	case ID_POLYLINE:
		DrawPolyLine( hDC );
		break;
	case ID_DRAWBIZER:
		DrawBizer( hDC );
		break;
	case ID_POLYDRAW:
		DrawPolyDraw( hDC );
		break;
	case ID_RECT:
		DrawRect( hDC );
		break;
	case ID_ELLIPSE:
		DrawEllipse( hDC );
		break;
	case ID_PIE:
		DrawPie( hDC );
		break;
	case ID_CHORD:
		DrawChord( hDC );
		break;
	case ID_POLYGON:
		DrawPloygon( hDC );
		break;
	}
	//取出画刷
	SelectObject( hDC, hOldBrush );
	//删除画刷
	DeleteObject( hBrush );
	//取出画笔
	SelectObject( hDC, hOldPen );
	//销毁画笔
	DeleteObject( hPen );

	EndPaint( hWnd, &ps );
}

void OnCommand( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,
	 WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
	int nCmdID = LOWORD( wParam );
	switch( nCmdID )
	{
	case ID_SETPIXEL:
	case ID_GETPIXEL:
	case ID_LINE:
	case ID_ARC:
	case ID_POLYLINE:
	case ID_DRAWBIZER:
	case ID_POLYDRAW:
	case ID_RECT:
	case ID_ELLIPSE:
	case ID_PIE:
	case ID_CHORD:
	case ID_POLYGON:
		//保存绘制图形类型
		g_nDrawType = nCmdID;
		//刷新窗口
		InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE );
		break;
	case ID_REDPEN:
		//保存画笔颜色
		g_nPenColor = RGB( 255, 0, 0 );
		InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE );
		break;
	case ID_PSDASH:
		g_nPenStyle = PS_DASH;
		InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE );
		break;
	case ID_PEN5:
		g_nPenWdith = 5;
		InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE );
		break;
	case ID_PEN1:
		g_nPenWdith = 1;
		InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE );
		break;
	case ID_REDBRUSH:
		g_nBrushColor = RGB( 255, 0, 0 );
		InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE );
		break;
	case ID_SOLIDBRUSH:
		g_nBrushStyle = 0xFFFFFFFF;
		InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE );
		break;
	case ID_HSDIAGCROSS:
		g_nBrushStyle = HS_DIAGCROSS;
		InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE );
		break;
	case ID_EXIT:
		PostQuitMessage( 0 );
		break;
	}
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND   hWnd, 
						  UINT   nMsg,
						  WPARAM wParam,
						  LPARAM lParam )
{
	switch( nMsg )
	{
	case WM_PAINT:
		OnPaint( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );
		break;
	case WM_COMMAND:
		OnCommand( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );
		break;
	case WM_DESTROY:
		PostQuitMessage( 0 );
		return 0;
	}
	return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg,
		wParam, lParam );
}

BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName )
{
	WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };
	wce.cbSize        = sizeof( wce );
	wce.cbClsExtra    = 0;
	wce.cbWndExtra    = 0;
	wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_BTNFACE+1);
	wce.hCursor       = NULL;
	wce.hIcon         = NULL;
	wce.hIconSm       = NULL;
	wce.hInstance     = g_hInst;
	wce.lpfnWndProc   = WndProc;
	wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName;
	wce.lpszMenuName  = NULL;
	wce.style         = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;

	ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce );
	if( 0 ==  nAtom )
	{
		return FALSE;
	}

	return TRUE;
}

HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName )
{
	HMENU hMenu = LoadMenu( g_hInst, 
		MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MAIN) );

	HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0,
		pszClassName, "MyWnd", 
		WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT,
		CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
		CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, hMenu, g_hInst,
		NULL );
	return hWnd;
}

void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd )
{
	ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW );
	UpdateWindow( hWnd );
}

void Message( )
{
	MSG msg = { 0 };
	while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) )
	{
		TranslateMessage( &msg );
		DispatchMessage( &msg );
	}
}

int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
                     int       nCmdShow)
{
	g_hInst = hInstance;
	RegisterWnd( "MYWND" );
	HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" );
	DisplayWnd( hWnd );
	Message( );
	return 0;
}