Java网络编程

java.net.Socket类

使用Socket类可以把两个进程之间的通信看作一个流，并通过字节流的形式进行数据的传输。

编程思路

1.建立套接字

2.监听

3.建立连接

4.通信

5.关闭Socket，IO流

Client端

import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;

public class TcpClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 15519);//1

            BufferedReader kbReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            BufferedReader sktReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
            PrintWriter sktWriter = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream());//2

            String text = kbReader.readLine();
            while(true){
                sktWriter.write(text+"\n");
                sktWriter.flush();
                System.out.println("Clinet say:"+text);

                text = sktReader.readLine();
                System.out.println("Server say:"+text);
                if(text.equals("Bye"))break;
                text = kbReader.readLine();//4
            }
            sktReader.close();
            sktWriter.close();
            kbReader.close();
            socket.close();//5
            System.out.println("Conversation is closed!");
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

Server端

import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;

public class TcpServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(15519);//1
            Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();//2
            BufferedReader kbReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            BufferedReader sktReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
            PrintWriter sktWriter = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream());//3

            String text = sktReader.readLine();//4
            text = text.toUpperCase();
            while(!text.equals("BYE")){

                sktWriter.write(text+"\n");
                sktWriter.flush();

                text = sktReader.readLine();
                text = text.toUpperCase();
            }
            sktWriter.write(text+"\n");
            sktReader.close();//5
            sktWriter.close();
            kbReader.close();
            socket.close();
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Socket端口选择

在确定socket的端口时尽量控制在1024之内，并且避开周知端口。

在选择完服务器开放的端口时记得开放端口的访问权限。