Oracle BBED工具及坏块修复
1. BBED简介
BBED是Block Browser/Editor的缩写，是Oracle的一个内部工具，不对外发布文档及支持。 BBED随软件发布，但是我们需要进行简单的relink才能使用。
2. BBED安装
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在使用bbed前，需进行编译连接。但由于Oracle 11g开始不再提供这两个库文件
ssbbded.o,ssbbded.o，我们在编译时会报以下错误：[oracle@dbserver1 lib]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib [oracle@dbserver1 lib]$ make -f ins_rdbms.mk $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/bbed Linking BBED utility (bbed) rm -f /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/bbed gcc -o /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/bbed -m64 -L/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/ -L/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ -L/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/stubs/ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/s0main.o /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/ssbbded.o /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/sbbdpt.o `cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -ldbtools11 -lclntsh `cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lnro11 `cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lnnz11 -lzt11 -lztkg11 -lztkg11 -lclient11 -lnnetd11 -lvsn11 -lcommon11 -lgeneric11 -lmm -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 `cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lnro11 `cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lclient11 -lnnetd11 -lvsn11 -lcommon11 -lgeneric11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 -lclient11 -lnnetd11 -lvsn11 -lcommon11 -lgeneric11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 `cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/sysliblist` -Wl,-rpath,/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib -lm `cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/sysliblist` -ldl -lm -L/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib gcc: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/ssbbded.o: No such file or directory gcc: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/sbbdpt.o: No such file or directory make: *** [/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/bbed] Error 1这两个文件可以从Oracle 10g拷贝相关文件到Oracle 11g对应目录下
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如果没有安装Oracle 10g数据库，怎么从Oracle安装介质中提取呢？
1)安装介质解压，把解压出来的jar包再解压，查找jar包解压出来的文件即可,可以使用以下脚本： cd database_10.2 for jar in $(find . -type f -name "*.jar"|grep rdbms);do jar -tvf $jar | grep sbbd && echo $jar done 2）示例 [root@dbserver1 database_10.2]# for jar in $(find . -type f -name "*.jar"|grep rdbms);do > jar -tvf $jar | grep sbbd && echo $jar > done 1863 Sat Sep 17 19:59:24 CST 2005 rdbms/lib/sbbdpt.o 1191 Sat Sep 17 19:59:28 CST 2005 rdbms/lib/ssbbded.o ./stage/Components/oracle.rdbms/10.2.0.1.0/1/DataFiles/filegroup33.jar 3043 Thu Sep 08 03:43:08 CST 2005 rdbms/lib32/sbbdpt.o 2721 Thu Sep 08 03:43:08 CST 2005 rdbms/lib32/ssbbded.o ./stage/Components/oracle.rdbms.hybrid/10.2.0.1.0/1/DataFiles/filegroup1.jar 3）找到了32位库文件和64位的库文件，我们只需解压64位jar文件 [root@dbserver1 lib]# jar -xvf filegroup33.jar [root@dbserver1 lib]# ls -l|grep sbbd -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1863 Sep 17 2005 sbbdpt.o -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1191 Sep 17 2005 ssbbded.o [root@dbserver1 lib]# chown oracle:oinstall *sbbd* 4）复制到11g $ORACL_HOME/rdbms/lib目录中 [oracle@dbserver1 lib]$ cp *sbbd* /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/ 5）再次编译 [oracle@dbserver1 lib]$ make -f ins_rdbms.mk $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/bbed Linking BBED utility (bbed) rm -f /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/bbed gcc -o /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/bbed -m64 -L/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/ -L/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ -L/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/stubs/ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/s0main.o /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/ssbbded.o /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/sbbdpt.o `cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -ldbtools11 -lclntsh `cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lnro11 `cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lnnz11 -lzt11 -lztkg11 -lztkg11 -lclient11 -lnnetd11 -lvsn11 -lcommon11 -lgeneric11 -lmm -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 `cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lnro11 `cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lclient11 -lnnetd11 -lvsn11 -lcommon11 -lgeneric11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 -lclient11 -lnnetd11 -lvsn11 -lcommon11 -lgeneric11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 `cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/sysliblist` -Wl,-rpath,/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib -lm `cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/sysliblist` -ldl -lm -L/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib [oracle@dbserver1 lib]$ ./bbed Message 112 not found; No message file for product=RDBMS, facility=BBED BBED-00113: file not found 6）错误Message 112 not found，说明BBED命令还缺失二个mesg文件：bbedus.msb，bbedus.msg，使用同样的方法获得： [oracle@dbserver1 database_10.2]$ for jar in $(find . -type f -name "*.jar"|grep rdbms);do > jar -tvf $jar | grep bbedus && echo $jar > done 8704 Fri Sep 09 09:46:10 CST 2005 rdbms/mesg/bbedus.msb 10270 Tue Jul 25 19:32:00 CST 2000 rdbms/mesg/bbedus.msg ./stage/Components/oracle.rdbms.util/10.2.0.1.0/1/DataFiles/filegroup5.jar [root@dbserver1 opt]# jar -xvf filegroup5.jar [root@dbserver1 mesg]# chown oracle:oinstall bbedus.ms* [oracle@dbserver1 mesg]$ cp bbedus* $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/mesg/
3. 启动BBED
默认情况下，bbed工具是被编译连接到rdbms/lib目录下的。因此并不是在通常的$ORACLE_HOME/bin目录。
- 将bbed可执行文件移到bin目录下:
[oracle@dbserver1 lib]$ cp bbed $ORACLE_HOME/bin/ - 启动bbed
[oracle@dbserver1 ~]$ bbed Password: #默认密码:blockedit BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Mon Dec 3 14:50:46 2018 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. ************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! *************** BBED> show FILE# 0 BLOCK# 1 OFFSET 0 DBA 0x00000000 (0 0,1) FILENAME BIFILE bifile.bbd LISTFILE BLOCKSIZE 8192 MODE Browse EDIT Unrecoverable IBASE Dec OBASE Dec WIDTH 80 COUNT 512 LOGFILE log.bbd SPOOL No
| 命令项 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| BLOCKSIZE | 可编辑的数据文件标准块大小。 |
| MODE | bbed可运行模式（browser或edit） |
| SILENT | 不将输出打印到标准输出上（Y或N） |
| SPOOL | 操作记录写出到bbed.log文件 (Y或N) |
| LISTFILE | 列出可编辑的文件 |
| CMDFILE | 可执行命令的文件名清单 |
| BIFILE | undo文件文件名。默认为bifile.bbd |
| LOGFILE | 用户日志文件文件名。默认为log.bbd |
| PARFILE | 列有命令项的参数文件 |
- 测试bbed
[oracle@dbserver1 ~]$ bbed blocksize=8192 filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf Password: BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Mon Dec 3 15:10:41 2018 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. ************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! *************** BBED> map File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf (0) Block: 1 Dba:0x00000000 ------------------------------------------------------------ Data File Header struct kcvfh, 860 bytes @0 ub4 tailchk @8188
4. 使用bbed模拟数据块损坏
- 备份数据库
RMAN> backup database format '/tmp/db_%U.dbf'; - 编辑bbed参数文件
[oracle@dbserver1 ~]$ vim bbed.par password=blockedit blocksize=8192 listfile=/home/oracle/bbed/fileunix.log mode=edit fileunix.log文件内容，可以用以下sql生成： SQL> select file#||' '||name||' '||bytes from v$datafile; 1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/system01.dbf 1073741824 2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/sysaux01.dbf 340787200 3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/undotbs01.dbf 209715200 4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf 524288000 5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/apps01.dbf 524288000 - 损坏数据块
[oracle@dbserver1 bbed]$ bbed parfile=bbed.par BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Mon Dec 3 16:09:26 2018 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. ************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! *************** BBED> info File# Name Size(blks) ----- ---- ---------- 1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/system01.dbf 131072 2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/sysaux01.dbf 41600 3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/undotbs01.dbf 25600 4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf 64000 5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/apps01.dbf 64000 BBED> set file 4 FILE# 4 BBED> modify 1000 file 4 block 384 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf (4) Block: 384 Offsets: 0 to 511 Dba:0x01000180 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 03e80000 80010001 4f3d0900 00000104 19840000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 53000000 ff2f0000 20100000 52000000 0d020000 00040000 0d2f0001 00000000 52000000 03000000 0c2e0000 00000000 00000000 00000000 53000000 00000000 7c420000 00000040 81010001 07000000 88010001 08000000 90010001 08000000 98010001 08000000 a0010001 08000000 a8010001 08000000 b0010001 08000000 b8010001 08000000 c0010001 08000000 c8010001 08000000 d0010001 08000000 d8010001 08000000 e0010001 08000000 e8010001 08000000 f0010001 08000000 f8010001 08000000 00020001 80000000 00010001 80000000 80020001 80000000 00030001 80000000 80030001 80000000 00040001 80000000 80040001 80000000 00050001 80000000 80050001 80000000 00060001 80000000 80060001 80000000 00070001 80000000 80070001 80000000 00080001 80000000 80080001 80000000 00090001 80000000 80090001 80000000 000a0001 80000000 800a0001 80000000 000b0001 80000000 800b0001 80000000 000c0001 80000000 800c0001 80000000 000d0001 80000000 800d0001 80000000 000e0001 80000000 800e0001 80000000 000f0001 80000000 800f0001 80000000 00100001 80000000 80100001 80000000 00110001 80000000 80110001 80000000 00120001 80000000 80120001 <32 bytes per line> BBED> verify DBVERIFY - Verification starting FILE = /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf BLOCK = 384 Block 384 is corrupt Corrupt block relative dba: 0x01000180 (file 0, block 384) Bad header found during verification Data in bad block: type: 3 format: 0 rdba: 0x01000180 last change scn: 0x0000.00093d4f seq: 0x1 flg: 0x04 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0 consistency value in tail: 0x3d4f1001 check value in block header: 0x8419 computed block checksum: 0x4a13 DBVERIFY - Verification complete Total Blocks Examined : 1 Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0 Total Blocks Failing (Data) : 0 Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0 Total Blocks Failing (Index): 0 Total Blocks Empty : 0 Total Blocks Marked Corrupt : 1 Total Blocks Influx : 0 Message 531 not found; product=RDBMS; facility=BBED - dbv工具验证
[oracle@dbserver1 bbed]$ dbv file=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf blocksize=8192 DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Dec 3 17:04:28 2018 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf Page 384 is marked corrupt Corrupt block relative dba: 0x01000180 (file 4, block 384) Bad header found during dbv: Data in bad block: type: 3 format: 0 rdba: 0x01000180 last change scn: 0x0000.00093d4f seq: 0x1 flg: 0x04 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0 consistency value in tail: 0x3d4f1001 check value in block header: 0x8419 computed block checksum: 0x4a13 DBVERIFY - Verification complete Total Pages Examined : 64000 Total Pages Processed (Data) : 11915 Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0 Total Pages Processed (Index): 0 Total Pages Failing (Index): 0 Total Pages Processed (Other): 128 Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Empty : 51956 Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 1 Total Pages Influx : 0 Total Pages Encrypted : 0 Highest block SCN : 605955 (0.605955) - 查询测试
SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache; System altered. SQL> select count(*) from wanbin.t2; select count(*) from wanbin.t2 * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 4, block # 384) ORA-01110: data file 4: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf' - 告警日志显示
ALTER SYSTEM: Flushing buffer cache Hex dump of (file 4, block 384) in trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ocmdb/ocmdb/trace/ocmdb_ora_17882.trc Corrupt block relative dba: 0x01000180 (file 4, block 384) Bad header found during buffer read Data in bad block: type: 3 format: 0 rdba: 0x01000180 last change scn: 0x0000.00093d4f seq: 0x1 flg: 0x04 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0 consistency value in tail: 0x3d4f1001 check value in block header: 0x8419 computed block checksum: 0x4a13 Reading datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf' for corruption at rdba: 0x01000180 (file 4, block 384) Reread (file 4, block 384) found same corrupt data Mon Dec 03 17:06:20 2018 Corrupt Block Found TSN = 4, TSNAME = USERS RFN = 4, BLK = 384, RDBA = 16777600 OBJN = 17020, OBJD = 17020, OBJECT = T2, SUBOBJECT = SEGMENT OWNER = WANBIN, SEGMENT TYPE = Table Segment Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ocmdb/ocmdb/trace/ocmdb_ora_17882.trc (incident=9865): ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 4, block # 384) ORA-01110: data file 4: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf' Incident details in: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ocmdb/ocmdb/incident/incdir_9865/ocmdb_ora_17882_i9865.trc Mon Dec 03 17:06:23 2018 Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ocmdb/ocmdb/trace/ocmdb_ora_17882.trc (incident=9866): ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 4, block # 384) ORA-01110: data file 4: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf' Incident details in: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ocmdb/ocmdb/incident/incdir_9866/ocmdb_ora_17882_i9866.trc Mon Dec 03 17:06:23 2018 Sweep [inc][9865]: completed Hex dump of (file 4, block 384) in trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ocmdb/ocmdb/incident/incdir_9865/ocmdb_m000_17896_i9865_a.trc Corrupt block relative dba: 0x01000180 (file 4, block 384) Bad header found during validation Data in bad block: type: 3 format: 0 rdba: 0x01000180 last change scn: 0x0000.00093d4f seq: 0x1 flg: 0x04 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0 consistency value in tail: 0x3d4f1001 check value in block header: 0x8419 computed block checksum: 0x4a13 Reread of blocknum=384, file=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf. found same corrupt data Reread of blocknum=384, file=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf. found same corrupt data Reread of blocknum=384, file=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf. found same corrupt data Reread of blocknum=384, file=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf. found same corrupt data Reread of blocknum=384, file=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf. found same corrupt data Hex dump of (file 4, block 384) in trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ocmdb/ocmdb/incident/incdir_9865/ocmdb_m000_17896_i9865_a.trc Corrupt block relative dba: 0x01000180 (file 4, block 384) Bad header found during buffer read Data in bad block: type: 3 format: 0 rdba: 0x01000180 last change scn: 0x0000.00093d4f seq: 0x1 flg: 0x04 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0 consistency value in tail: 0x3d4f1001 check value in block header: 0x8419 computed block checksum: 0x4a13 Reading datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf' for corruption at rdba: 0x01000180 (file 4, block 384) Reread (file 4, block 384) found same corrupt data Corrupt Block Found TSN = 4, TSNAME = USERS RFN = 4, BLK = 384, RDBA = 16777600 OBJN = -1, OBJD = 17020, OBJECT = USERS, SUBOBJECT = SEGMENT OWNER = , SEGMENT TYPE = Temporary Segment Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ocmdb/ocmdb/trace/ocmdb_m000_17896.trc (incident=9809): ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 4, block # 384) ORA-01110: data file 4: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf' Incident details in: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ocmdb/ocmdb/incident/incdir_9809/ocmdb_m000_17896_i9809.trc Mon Dec 03 17:06:24 2018 Trace dumping is performing id=[cdmp_20181203170624] Mon Dec 03 17:06:25 2018 Sweep [inc][9866]: completed Sweep [inc][9809]: completed Sweep [inc2][9866]: completed Sweep [inc2][9865]: completed Checker run found 1 new persistent data failures Trace dumping is performing id=[cdmp_20181203170626] Mon Dec 03 17:07:24 2018 Sweep [inc2][9809]: completed
5. 修复坏块
- 利用rman 检测坏块
RMAN> BACKUP CHECK LOGICAL VALIDATE DATAFILE 4; Starting backup at 03-DEC-18 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03 List of Datafiles ================= File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN ---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ---------- 4 FAILED 0 51956 64000 605955 File Name: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed ---------- -------------- ---------------- Data 0 11915 Index 0 0 Other 1 129 validate found one or more corrupt blocks See trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ocmdb/ocmdb/trace/ocmdb_ora_18045.trc for details Finished backup at 03-DEC-18 SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption where file#=4; FILE# BLOCK# BLOCKS CORRUPTION_CHANGE# CORRUPTIO ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------ --------- 4 384 1 0 CORRUPT - dump块号，查找块号所属的数据库对象
SQL> alter system dump datafile 4 block 384; [oracle@dbserver1 trace]$ more ocmdb_ora_18184.trc Trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ocmdb/ocmdb/trace/ocmdb_ora_18184.trc Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 System name: Linux Node name: dbserver1 Release: 2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek Version: #1 SMP Wed Jul 27 21:02:33 EDT 2011 Machine: x86_64 Instance name: ocmdb Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1 Oracle process number: 26 Unix process pid: 18184, image: oracle@dbserver1 (TNS V1-V3) *** 2018-12-03 17:23:12.661 *** SESSION ID:(20.98) 2018-12-03 17:23:12.661 *** CLIENT ID:() 2018-12-03 17:23:12.661 *** SERVICE NAME:(SYS$USERS) 2018-12-03 17:23:12.661 *** MODULE NAME:(sqlplus@dbserver1 (TNS V1-V3)) 2018-12-03 17:23:12.661 *** ACTION NAME:() 2018-12-03 17:23:12.661 Start dump data blocks tsn: 4 file#:4 minblk 384 maxblk 384 Block dump from cache: Dump of buffer cache at level 4 for tsn=4, rdba=16777600 BH (0x9bf85538) file#: 4 rdba: 0x01000180 (4/384) class: 4 ba: 0x9b34e000 set: 6 pool 3 bsz: 8192 bsi: 0 sflg: 2 pwc: 77,28 dbwrid: 0 obj: 17020 objn: -1 tsn: 4 afn: 4 hint: f hash: [0x9bfcafc8,0xbff4e700] lru: [0x9bf85750,0xbd260578] ckptq: [NULL] fileq: [NULL] objq: [NULL] st: CR md: NULL tch: 0 cr: [scn: 0x0.94ddd],[xid: 0x0.0.0],[uba: 0x0.0.0],[cls: 0x0.94ddd],[sfl: 0x0],[lc: 0x0.0] flags: cr pin refcnt: 0 sh pin refcnt: 0 ... 根据dump文件，可以知道损坏的块所属的对象编号为17020，根据对象号，我们来查找对象类型 SQL> select owner,object_name,object_type from dba_objects o where o.object_id='17020'; OWNER OBJECT_NAME OBJECT_TYPE ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------- WANBIN T2 TABLE - 有备份情况下的恢复：
RMAN> blockrecover datafile 4 block 384 from backupset; 或者使用 RMAN> recover corruption list; Starting recover at 03-DEC-18 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=87 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring block(s) channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying block(s) to restore from backup set restoring blocks of datafile 00004 channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /tmp/db_04tjrtom_1_1.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/tmp/db_04tjrtom_1_1.dbf tag=TAG20181203T155814 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored block(s) from backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_1: block restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03 starting media recovery media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03 Finished recover at 03-DEC-18 RMAN> validate datafile 4 block 384; Starting validate at 03-DEC-18 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) for validation input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 List of Datafiles ================= File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN ---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ---------- 4 OK 0 0 1 605519 File Name: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocmdb/users01.dbf Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed ---------- -------------- ---------------- Data 0 0 Index 0 0 Other 0 1 Finished validate at 03-DEC-18 SQL> select count(*) from wanbin.t2; COUNT(*) ---------- 865664 - 没有备份情况下的恢复(跳过坏块)
SQL> exec dbms_repair.skip_corrupt_blocks('WANBIN','T2'); 或者设置事件（ alter system set events '10231 trace name context forever,level 10' exp，imp导出导入表数据） SQL> select skip_corrupt from user_tables where table_name='T2'; SKIP_COR -------- ENABLED
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