一、前言
nginx 作为目前最流行的开源反向代理HTTP Server,用于实现资源缓存、web
server负载均衡等功能,由于其轻量级、高性能、高可靠等特点在互联网项目中有着非常普遍的应用,相关概念网上有丰富的介绍。分布式web
server集群部署后需要实现session共享,针对 tomcat 服务器的实现方案多种多样,比如 tomcat cluster
session 广播、nginx IP hash策略、nginx sticky module等方案,本文主要介绍了使用 redis
服务器进行 session 统一存储管理的共享方案。
相关应用结构参照下图:
二、环境配置
系统:Centos7
tomcat:apache-tomcat-7.0.78
redis:redis-2.8.9
三、构建 tomcat-redis-session-manager-master
1、由于源码构建基于 gradle,请先配置 gradle 环境。
2、从 github 获取 tomcat-redis-session-manager-master 源码,地址如下:
https://github.com/jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager
3、找到源码中的 build.gradle 文件,由于作者使用了第三方仓库(sonatype),需要注册帐号,太麻烦,注释后直接使用maven中央仓库,同时注释签名相关脚本并增加依赖包的输出脚本 copyJars(dist目录),修改后的 build.gradle 文件如下:
apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'maven'
apply plugin: 'signing'
group = 'com.orangefunction'
version = '2.0.0'
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
compileJava {
sourceCompatibility = 1.7
targetCompatibility = 1.7
}
dependencies {
compile group: 'org.apache.tomcat', name: 'tomcat-catalina', version: '7.0.27'
compile group: 'redis.clients', name: 'jedis', version: '2.5.2'
compile group: 'org.apache.commons', name: 'commons-pool2', version: '2.2'
//compile group: 'commons-codec', name: 'commons-codec', version: '1.9'
testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.+'
testCompile 'org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.3'
testCompile 'org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:1.3'
testCompile 'org.mockito:mockito-all:1.9.5'
testCompile group: 'org.apache.tomcat', name: 'tomcat-coyote', version: '7.0.27'
}
task javadocJar(type: Jar, dependsOn: javadoc) {
classifier = 'javadoc'
from 'build/docs/javadoc'
}
task sourcesJar(type: Jar) {
from sourceSets.main.allSource
classifier = 'sources'
}
artifacts {
archives jar
archives javadocJar
archives sourcesJar
}
//signing {
// sign configurations.archives
//}
task copyJars(type: Copy) {
from configurations.runtime
into 'dist'
}
uploadArchives {
repositories {
mavenDeployer {
beforeDeployment { MavenDeployment deployment -> signing.signPom(deployment) }
//repository(url: "https://oss.sonatype.org/service/local/staging/deploy/maven2/") {
// authentication(userName: sonatypeUsername, password: sonatypePassword)
//}
//repository(url: "https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots") {
// authentication(userName: sonatypeUsername, password: sonatypePassword)
//}
pom.project {
name 'tomcat-redis-session-manager'
packaging 'jar'
description 'Tomcat Redis Session Manager is a Tomcat extension to store sessions in Redis'
url 'https://github.com/jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager'
issueManagement {
url 'https://github.com:jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager/issues'
system 'GitHub Issues'
}
scm {
url 'https://github.com:jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager'
connection 'scm:git:git://github.com/jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager.git'
developerConnection 'scm:git:git@github.com:jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager.git'
}
licenses {
license {
name 'MIT'
url 'http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT'
distribution 'repo'
}
}
developers {
developer {
id 'jcoleman'
name 'James Coleman'
email 'jtc331@gmail.com'
url 'https://github.com/jcoleman'
}
}
}
}
}
}
4、执行gradle命令构建源码,编译输出tomcat-redis-session-manager-master 及依赖jar包
gradle build -x test copyJars
文件列表如下:
四、tomcat 配置
两台tomcat服务器分别在不同的虚拟机上,地址:
http://192.168.31.84:8080
http://192.168.31.82:8080
五、编写测试页面
在tomcat安装目录下webapps/ROOT/添加test.jsp文件,内容为:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" isELIgnored="false"%>
SessionID:<%=session.getId()%><BR>
SessionIP:<%=request.getServerName()%> <BR>
SessionPort:<%=request.getServerPort()%>
<% out.println("This is Tomcat Server 82(根据情况修改,以便区别) !"); %>
六、tomcat session manager 配置
1.添加commons-pool2-2.2、jedis-2.5.2、tomcat-redis-session-manager-master-2.0.0jar包到tomcat 安装目录的 lib 文件夹;
2.修改两台tomcat的context.xml文件,使 tomcat-redis-session-manager-master 作为session管理器,同时指定redis地址和端口。
context.xml配置:
<Context>
<WatchedResource>WEB-INF/web.xml</WatchedResource>
<Valve className="com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionHandlerValve" />
<Manager className="com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionManager"
host="192.168.31.84"
port="6379"
database="0"
maxInactiveInterval="60" />
</Context>
3.重启两台tomcat
七、nginx 配置
1.修改nginx.conf文件,内容如下:
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
upstream tomcat_nginx {
server localhost:8080;
server 192.168.31.82:8080;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
proxy_pass http://tomcat_nginx;
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}
2.重启nginx:
nginx -s reload
八、测试
访问http://192.168.31.84/test.jsp,如下:
nginx默认采用轮询的方式进行负载均衡,刷新页面: