Android ASN.1 组合类型为Set的结构数据生成及解析

一、ASN.1简介

    ASN.1 – Abstract Syntax Notation dot one。

    描述了一种对数据进行表示、编码、传输和解码的数据格式。它提供了一整套正规的格式用于描述对象的结构，而不管语言上如何执行及这些数据的具体指代，也不用去管到底是什么样的应用程序。

    ASN.1只包含信息结构，不处理具体业务数据，它不是一个编程语言。

二、用到的类型说明

类型	含义
INTEGER	全部整数（包含正数和负数）
PrintableString	字符串
Time	日期
OctetString	字节串
Set	由不同类型的值组成的无序结构

三、案例

    统计班级同学信息。

    首先在build.gradle中导入BC库文件

    implementation group: 'org.bouncycastle', name: 'bcprov-jdk15on', version: '1.66'
    implementation group: 'org.bouncycastle', name: 'bcpkix-jdk15on', version: '1.66'

    设计结构类型的实体类Student：

import org.bouncycastle.asn1.ASN1EncodableVector;
import org.bouncycastle.asn1.ASN1Integer;
import org.bouncycastle.asn1.ASN1Object;
import org.bouncycastle.asn1.ASN1Primitive;
import org.bouncycastle.asn1.DEROctetString;
import org.bouncycastle.asn1.DERPrintableString;
import org.bouncycastle.asn1.DERSequence;
import org.bouncycastle.asn1.DERSet;
import org.bouncycastle.asn1.x509.Time;

public class Student extends ASN1Object {

    private ASN1Integer Version;
    private DERSet set;

    public Student(ASN1Integer Version, DERSet set) {
        this.Version = Version;
        this.set = set;
    }

    public void setVersion(ASN1Integer Version) {
        this.Version = Version;
    }

    public ASN1Integer getVersion() {
        return Version;
    }

    public DERSet getSet() {
        return set;
    }

    @Override
    public ASN1Primitive toASN1Primitive() {
        ASN1EncodableVector vector = new ASN1EncodableVector();
        vector.add(Version);
        vector.add(set);
        return new DERSequence(vector);
    }

    public static class StudentElement extends ASN1Object{
        private ASN1Integer id;
        private DERPrintableString name;
        private ASN1Integer age;
        private Time createDate;
        private DEROctetString heigh;

        public void setId(ASN1Integer id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
        public void setName(DERPrintableString name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
        public void setAge(ASN1Integer age) {
            this.age = age;
        }
        public void setCreateDate(Time createDate) {
            this.createDate = createDate;
        }
        public void seHeigh(DEROctetString heigh) {
            this.heigh = heigh;
        }

        public ASN1Integer getId() {
            return id;
        }
        public DERPrintableString getName() {
            return name;
        }
        public ASN1Integer getAge() {
            return age;
        }
        public Time getCreateDate() {
            return createDate;
        }
        public DEROctetString getHeigh() {
            return heigh;
        }

        public StudentElement() {
            // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        }

        public StudentElement(ASN1Integer id, DERPrintableString name, ASN1Integer age,
                       Time createDate, DEROctetString heigh) {
            super();
            this.id = id;
            this.name = name;
            this.age = age;
            this.createDate = createDate;
            this.heigh = heigh;
        }

        @Override
        public ASN1Primitive toASN1Primitive() {
            ASN1EncodableVector vector = new ASN1EncodableVector();
            vector.add(id);
            vector.add(name);
            vector.add(age);
            vector.add(createDate);
            vector.add(heigh);
            return new DERSequence(vector);
        }
    }

}

    使用：

/**
     * 构建asn.1
     */
    public static void buildStudent(){
        Integer id = 1;
        String name = "alex";
        Integer age = 18;
        Time createDate;
        byte[] bytes = new byte[]{0x12,0x34};
        try {
            ASN1Encodable[] element = new ASN1Encodable[3];
            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
                createDate = new Time(new Date());
                Student.StudentElement studentElement = new Student.StudentElement(new ASN1Integer(i),
                        new DERPrintableString(name + "_" + i),
                        new ASN1Integer(age),
                        createDate,
                        new DEROctetString(bytes)
                );
                element[i] = studentElement;
            }
            Student student = new Student(new ASN1Integer(1), new DERSet(element));
            String data = Base64.toBase64String(student.getEncoded());
            System.out.println("asn.1 -> " + data);
//            OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File("student.cer"));
//            out.write(data.getBytes());
//            out.flush();
//            out.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

运行结果：

hex字符串：
306E020101316930210201001306616C65785F30020112170D3230313033303036313634325A0402123430210201011306616C65785F31020112170D3230313033303036313634325A0402123430210201021306616C65785F32020112170D3230313033303036313634325A04021234

base64后字符串：
MG4CAQExaTAhAgEAEwZhbGV4XzACARIXDTIwMTAzMDA2MTY0MloEAhI0MCECAQETBmFsZXhfMQIBEhcNMjAxMDMwMDYxNjQyWgQCEjQwIQIBAhMGYWxleF8yAgESFw0yMDEwMzAwNjE2NDJaBAISNA==

解析工具，解析结果：

四、总结

    ASN.1结构对于我来说了解普通使用就够用了，对于结构的解析网上案例很多，我就不再多余了。如果有需要再增加解析吧。

    我还找了一些拆分hex字符串的文章看，里边有介绍数据头是以3080为界，大于3080 的8后为数据长度的长度，小于3080，30后就是数据长度。比如 3081024365：4365为数据， 02是数据的长度，81中的1表示长度是一个字节，30为头。再比如30820132xxxxx：xxxx（太长用x表示不是完整数据）是数据，0123是数据长度，82中的2表示长度是两个字节，30为头。