SpringCloud搭建入门

微服务的基本组成：

生产者：提供服务

消费者：消费服务

配置中心：保存了生产者和消费者之间的契约关系

所以，sprngcloud微服务的架构基础 ：生产者（client），消费者（client），注册中心/配置中心（server）

下面是需要创建三个maven工程

一，创建springcloud-server

1.创建maven项目springcloud-server，打包方式jar包，

2.pom.xml如下，eureka依赖中内置了ribbon包，并且配置了jre版本为1.8，所有导入pom后先update项目，更新jdk为1.8：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.springcloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>springcloud-server</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  
  <!-- 导入父工程 -->
  	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.5.4.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath />
	</parent>
	
	
  <!-- 设置jdk版本等信息 -->
 	 <properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>
  
  	<!-- 导入eureka依赖 -->
  	<dependencies>
  		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<!-- dependency management -->
  <dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>Dalston.SR1</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>
  
  
  
</project>

   

3.创建启动类，用于启动springboot项目，启动类一定创建在父级包目录，否则会 扫描不到某些类

package com.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@EnableEurekaServer//表示是一个eurekaserver
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringcloudApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(SpringcloudApplication.class, args);
	}

}

4.创建springboot配置文件，名称一定为application.yml,格式为yml，因为在springboot的默认配置中扫描的就是application开头的配置文件，

注意 ：yml格式的文件有特殊要求，必须树形结构，不能有tab，具体请百度

 其中的server-port为eureka服务的端口，一般默认8761，不需修改

security:
  basic:
    enabled: true
  user:
    name: user
    password: password123
server:
  port: 8761
eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://user:password123@localhost:8761/eureka
logging:
  level:

5.启动服务：

执行main方法

6.在浏览器访问：localhost:8761,查看服务是否启动

启动成功界面

一，创建springcloud-provider

1.新建maven项目provider1，打包方式jar包

修改pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.springcloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>springcloud-provider</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.5.4.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
        <!--boot eureka-->		
        <dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- boot web-->
        <dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<!-- dependency management -->
	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>Dalston.SR1</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>
  
  
</project>

2.创建启动类，用于springboot项目启动：

package com.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

@EnableEurekaClient//表示是一个eurekaclient
@SpringBootApplication
public class ProviderRunApp {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ProviderRunApp.class, args);
	}
 
}

3.修改application.yml配置文件

server:
  port: 7900
spring:
  application:
    name: provider-user
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://user:password123@localhost:8761/eureka
logging:
  level:
    root: INFO

 

4.创建controller，提供服务

package com.springcloud.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class ProviderController {
	@RequestMapping("/hello")
	public String sayhello(){
		return "i`m provider1,hello consumer!";
	}
}

5.启动项目，不要关闭之前启动的eureka服务。

执行main方法

provier1启动后，查看之前的服务中心，刷新页面可以看到有一个provider-user（yml中配置的application-name）已经注册

三，创建消费者

1.创建maven项目consumer,打包方式jar包

2.修改pom文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.springcloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>springcloud-consumer</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.5.4.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>Dalston.SR1</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>
</project>

3.创建启动类，用于启动springboot项目:

package com.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ConsumerRunApp {
 
	@Bean
	@LoadBalanced	//Ribbon负载均衡
	public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
		return new RestTemplate();
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ConsumerRunApp.class, args);
	}
 
}

4.创建消费类，调用后台的服务

package com.springcloud.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class HelloController {
	@Autowired
	private RestTemplate resttemplate;
	
	@RequestMapping("/hello")
	public String hello(){
		String url="http://provider-user/hello";
		
		//返回值类型和我们的业务返回值一致
		return resttemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);
	
	}
}

5.修改yml文件，

修改port，application-name，不要和其他重复了

server:
  port: 7902
spring:
  application:
    name: consumer-hello
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://user:password123@localhost:8761/eureka
logging:
  level:
    root: INFO

6.启动springboot服务，在eureka服务上查看，可以看到消费者已经注册

四，测试

在地址栏直接访问消费者地址，localhost:7902/hello（看自己的地址多少），成功！

五，开启多个provider实例，

可以采用修改yml文件 中的端口号重复启动实例，也可以另外新建多个provider，修改其中的yml文件，依次启动。

由于eureka配置类ribbon负载均衡策略，消费者的请求会在客户端被决定好发送到哪台服务提供者进行处理。

开启多个实例如下;

转载自原文：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38023579/article/details/81328524