Zabbix4.2安装和4.0升级4.2笔记

微信公众号：运维开发故事，作者：wanger

一、添加Zabbix存储库

1.安装存储库配置包。

rpm -ivh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.2/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-4.2-1.el7.noarch.rpm

2.在将运行Zabbix前端的系统中启用可选rpms的存储库

yum-config-manager --enable rhel-7-server-optional-rpms

3.安装支持MySQL的Zabbix服务

yum install zabbix-server-mysql

4.安装支持MySQL的Zabbix前端

yum install zabbix-web-mysql

二、安装MySQL5.7数据库

1.卸载mariadb包

rpm -qa |grep mariadb    #查看当前安装的mariadb的包
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64     #卸载mariadb的包

2.下载并解压MySQL源码包

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  #从官网下载源码包
tar -xzvf  mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz     #解压源码包
mv  mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  /usr/local/mysql

3.创建MySQL用户并对MySQL文件进行授权

groupadd mysql                   --创建mysql用户组组
useradd -r -g mysql mysql     --创建mysql用户并添加到mysql用户组中
chown -R mysql.mysql mysql/         --将mysql目录访问权限赋为myql用户

4.创建MySQL配置文件

cat >>/etc/my.cnf  <<EOF     #写入配置文件
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
#不区分大小写
lower_case_table_names = 1
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
max_connections=5000
default-time_zone = '+8:00'
EOF

5.初始化数据库

touch /var/log/mysqld.log    #创建日志文件并授权
chmod 777 /var/log/mysqld.log
chown mysql.mysql mysqld.log
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld   --initialize --user=mysql   --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

6.查看初始化密码

cat /var/log/mysqld.log|grep root@localhost

7.执行如下操作开启MySQL服务，并设置相应权限

mkdir /var/run/mysqld
touch /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
chmod -R 777 /var/run/mysqld
chown -R mysql.mysql /var/run/mysqld
/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start  #启动MySQL

8.修改MySQL密码

vim /etc/my.cnf   #修改配置文件
skip-grant-tables    #跳过密码认证
default_password_lifetime=360    #修改密码超时时间
不然修改密码之后密码会过期，会提示让你重新设置密码
You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p        #登录MySQL
use mysql    #切换MySql数据库
update mysql.user set authentication_string =password('root'), host = '%' where user = 'root';   #修改MySQL密码
flush privileges;

9.将MySQL加入环境变量

echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' >>/etc/profile      #将MySQL二进制文件加入环境变量
ln -s usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /usr/local/mysql/bin/    将MySQL的启动文件软连接到MySQL的环境变量中

10.进入数据库并创建zabbix数据库以及创建授权用户

mysql>  create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by 'zabbix'；
mysql> flush privileges;

11.编辑zabbix-server配置文件，修改以下参数为创建数据库时的信息，并重启zabbix-server

vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
DBName=zabbix
DBHost=192.168.179.132
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=zabbix

创建pid文件

touch /var/run/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid
chmod 777 /var/run/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid

启动zabbix-server

systemctl enable zabbix-server
systemctl start zabbix-server

12.将初始数据导入MySQL中

zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql*/create.sql.gz | mysql -uzabbix -p zabbix

三、安装Nginx

1.关掉防火墙和selinux

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disable/g' /etc/selinux/config

2.安装依赖

yum -y install wget vim lsof lrzsz pcre-devel zlib-devel make gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel mcrypt mhash net-snmp-devel
yum -y install gcc bison bison-devel openssl-devel readline-devel libedit-devel sqlite-devel freetype freetype-devel libevent-devel mysql-devel

3.配置Nginx的yum仓库

cat >>/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo <<EOF
[nginx]
name=nginx.repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
skip_if_unavailable = 1
keepcache = 0
EOF

4.安装并启动Nginx

yum install nginx -y
systemctl start nginx
systemctl enable nginx

四、安装PHP

1.添加PHP用户

useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm

2.安装PHP依赖库

yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make zlib zlib-devel pcre pcre-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

3.编译安装php

wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-7.2.6.tar.gz
tar zxvf php-7.2.6.tar.gz
cd php-7.2.6
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=mysqlnd  --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --disable-ipv6 --with-pear --with-curl --enable-bcmath --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --with-gd --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local --with-gettext
make && make install
echo $? #每执行完上条命令就运行一下，如果返回0，则执行成功
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

4.更改PHP配置文件

sed -i 's/post_max_size = 8M/post_max_size = 32M/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/upload_max_filesize = 2M/upload_max_filesize = 50M/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/;date.timezone =/date.timezone =PRC/' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/max_execution_time = 30/max_execution_time = 600/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/max_input_time = 60/max_input_time = 600/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/memory_limit = 128M/memory_limit = 256M/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/; max_input_vars = 1000/max_input_vars = 10000/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

5.启动php-fpm

cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default  /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini -y /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

五、安装zabbix-agent

yum install zabbix-agent
vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix-agentd.conf

Server和ServerActive分别代表zabbix的被动模式和主动模式，这里都填server端的IP
最后一行是开启脚本采集数据

六、安装zabbix-web

1.将zabbix的php源文件拷贝到网站目录上

cp -r /usr/share/zabbix/.* /usr/share/nginx/html/

2.修改nginx配置

egrep -v '(^.*#|^$)' /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  192.168.179.133;
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;
    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm index.php;
    }
    location /zabbix {
    root    /usr/share/nginx/html;
    index    index.html index.htm index.php;
    }
    error_page  404              /404.html;
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
    location ~ \.php$ {
        root           html;
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /usr/share/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

3.授予zabbix-web目录权限并重启nginx

chmod -R 777 /etc/zabbix/web.
chmod -R 777 /usr/share/nginx/html/zabbix
systemctl restart nginx

4.在浏览器上访问192.168.179.133/zabbix开始安装zabbix-web

七、升级zabbix

1.停止zabbix-server和zabbix-proxy

由于我是本地测试环境，没装proxy，所以只停server

systemctl stop zabbix-server

2.备份4.0配置数据

mysqldump -uzabbix -p --single-transaction --master-data=2 --databases zabbix > olddata.sql

3.更新存储库配置包

rpm -Uvh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.2/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-4.2-1.el7.noarch.rpm

4.升级Zabbix组件

yum upgrade zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-agent

5.启动Zabbix-server进程

systemctl start zabbix-server

6.授予zabbix-web权限

chmod 777 -R /etc/zabbic/web

7.将生成的前端文件放在网站目录下

当时这里做了三次才想到，之前一直以为是数据库的问题，后来一想数据库是4020000，而前端是4000000，说明数据库是4.2的了，有问题的应该是前端，又想到前端已经生成好了，只不过没拷贝到网站目录下而已

cp -r /usr/share/zabbix/.* /usr/share/nginx/html/

至此，zabbix4.0升级到4.2完成

欢迎各位一起交流