Hibernate的关联映射包括:
一对一(Persion - IDCard)
一对多(Department - Employee)
多对一(Employee - Department)
多对多(Teacher - Student)
组件映射(User - Name)
集合映射(Set、List、Map)
inverse和cascade(Employee - Department)
本文以组件映射为例:
组件通常也是一个对象
当这个对象要单独创建表的时候,就相当于一对一、一对多、多对一。
当这个对象不需要单独创建表的时候,想把自己的属性写到主对象表中的时候,就用到组件映射<component>
主对象User.hbm.xml配置文件如下:
<component name="name">
<property name="firstName" column="first_name"/>
<property name="lastName" column="last_name"/>
</component>
实体类:User.java 和组件类 Name.java
package com.cos.entity;
public class User {
private int id;
private Name name;
private int age;
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Name getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(Name name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
//
package com.cos.entity;
//此类不单独创建表,而是把字段写入到user表中
public class Name {
private String firstName;
private String lastName;
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
}
映射文件:User.hbm.xml (注意:只有一个映射文件,没有组件类Name的映射文件)
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping> <class name="com.cos.entity.User" lazy="true"> <id name="id"> <generator class="native"/> </id> <property name="age"/> <!-- 组件映射的时候,组件因为不需要自己创建一张表,所以把组件对象写到主对象表中 --> <component name="name"> <property name="firstName" column="first_name"/> <property name="lastName" column="last_name"/> </component> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
Hibernate配置文件:hibernate.cfg.xml
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///hi</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.username"></property> <property name="hibernate.connection.password"></property> <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property> <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property> <property name="show_sql">true</property> <mapping resource="com/cos/entity/User.hbm.xml"/> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>
工具类:HibernateUtil.java
package com.cos.util;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public final class HibernateUtil {
private static SessionFactory sesseionFactory;
static {
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
conf.configure();
sesseionFactory = conf.buildSessionFactory();
}
public static SessionFactory getSesseionFactory() {
return sesseionFactory;
}
}
测试类:Component.java
package com.cos.main;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.cos.entity.Name;
import com.cos.entity.User;
import com.cos.util.HibernateUtil;
public class Component {
public static void main(String[] args) {
add();
}
public static void add(){
SessionFactory sessionFactory = null;
Session s = null;
Transaction t = null;
try{
Name name = new Name();
name.setFirstName("zhang");
name.setLastName("san");
User user = new User();
user.setAge(28);
user.setName(name);
sessionFactory = HibernateUtil.getSesseionFactory();
s = sessionFactory.openSession();
t = s.beginTransaction();
//组件映射的时候,组件因为不需要自己创建一张表,所以把组件对象写到主对象表中
s.save(user);
t.commit();
s.close();
sessionFactory.close();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
表结构:
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
`age` int(11) default NULL,
`first_name` varchar(255) default NULL,
`last_name` varchar(255) default NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1