maven下使用junit对spring进行单元测试_01基本应用

• 一、开发环境
• 二、文件清单
• pom.xml
• ApplicationContext.xml
• Employee.java
• 三、主要步骤
• 1.使用springframework提供的单元测试
• 2.基本使用
• 3.封装基于AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests的测试基类

一、开发环境

maven版本:3.0.5

spring版本:spring3.2.3 release

junit版本:4.11

eclipse版本:3.7.2 r2

jdk版本:1.6 

二、文件清单

pom.xml

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< properties >          < project.build.sourceEncoding >UTF-8</ project.build.sourceEncoding >                </ properties >      < dependencies >          < dependency >              < groupId >junit</ groupId >              < artifactId >junit</ artifactId >              < version >4.11</ version >              < scope >test</ scope >          </ dependency >          < dependency >              < groupId >org.mockito</ groupId >              < artifactId >mockito-core</ artifactId >              < version >1.9.5</ version >              < scope >test</ scope >          </ dependency >          < dependency >              < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId >              < artifactId >spring-test</ artifactId >              < version >3.2.3.RELEASE</ version >              < scope >test</ scope >          </ dependency >          < dependency >              < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId >              < artifactId >spring-context</ artifactId >              < version >3.2.3.RELEASE</ version >          </ dependency >      </ dependencies >      < build >          < plugins >              < plugin >                  < groupId >org.apache.maven.plugins</ groupId >                  < artifactId >maven-surefire-plugin</ artifactId >                  < version >2.5</ version >                  < configuration >                      < skipTests >true</ skipTests >                  </ configuration >              </ plugin >            </ plugins >      </ build >

ApplicationContext.xml

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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">      < bean id = "employee" name = "employee" class = "com.tfry.spring.Employee" autowire = "default" >          < constructor-arg name = "age" value = "20" ></ constructor-arg >          < constructor-arg name = "name" value = "zhangsan" ></ constructor-arg >      </ bean >   </ beans >

Employee.java

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public class Employee {      private Integer age;      private String name;      public Integer getAge() {          return age;      }        public void setAge(Integer age) {          this .age = age;      }        public String getName() {          return name;      }        public void setName(String name) {          this .name = name;      }                    public Employee(Integer age,String name){          this .age=age;          this .name=name;      }            @Override      public String toString(){          return "Employee name is " +name+ ",age is" +age;                }   }

三、主要步骤

1.使用springframework提供的单元测试

包的路径:org.springframework.test.context.junit4下

只需要加入两个注解就可以实现单元测试的功能

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1 2	@RunWith (SpringJUnit4ClassRunner. class ) @ContextConfiguration (locations={ "classpath*:ApplicationContext.xml" })

@RunWith 大家并不陌生,junit4里用它来做junit加载器

@ContextConfiguration 主要用来加载spring的配置文件路径:是一个字符串数组,可以加载多个spring配置文件

2.基本使用

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import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;   import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;   @RunWith (SpringJUnit4ClassRunner. class ) @ContextConfiguration (locations = { "classpath:ApplicationContext.xml" }) public class EmpolyeeTest {      @Autowired      ApplicationContext ctx;            @Test      public void testEmployee(){          Employee employee =(Employee) ctx.getBean( "employee" );          assertEquals( "zhangsan" ,employee.getName());      }   }

3.封装基于AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests的测试基类

SpringTest.java

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import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;   @RunWith (SpringJUnit4ClassRunner. class ) @ContextConfiguration (locations={ "classpath*:ApplicationContext.xml" }) public class SpringTest extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests {                 public <T> T getBean(Class<T> type){      return applicationContext.getBean(type);     }          public Object getBean(String beanName){      return applicationContext.getBean(beanName);     }     protected ApplicationContext getContext(){      return applicationContext;     }

然后其他测试类只需要继承该类即可,可以省去每次都要绑定Application对象。

下一步就是在webapp中如何进行单元测试和如何结合hibernate等ORMapping框架进行单元测试。

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