监听器--监听session创建后计数（servletContext）

这个servlet用于预置参数

package web;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
//初始化全局变量
public class InitServlet extends HttpServlet {

	@Override
	public void init() throws ServletException {
		ServletContext context = getServletContext();
		context.setAttribute("count", 0);
	}
	
}

这个servlet用于创建session

package web;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {

	@Override
	protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
		//发送请求创建自动request,启动request监听器
		HttpSession session = req.getSession();//创建session
	}

	
}

这个servlet用于销毁session

package web;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

public class LogoutServlet extends HttpServlet {

	@Override
	protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
		//销毁session
		HttpSession session = req.getSession();
		session.invalidate();
		System.out.println("销毁了session ID为:"+session.getId());
	}
	
}

监听器如下：监听session

package web;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionEvent;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener;

public class CountListener implements HttpSessionListener{

	private int count;
	public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se) {
		System.out.println("监听创建session");
		HttpSession session = se.getSession();
		ServletContext sct = session.getServletContext();
		count = (Integer)(sct.getAttribute("count"));
		sct.setAttribute("count", ++count);
		System.out.println("当前人数:"+count);
	}

	public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent se) {
		System.out.println("监听销毁session");
		HttpSession session = se.getSession();
		ServletContext sct = session.getServletContext();
		count = (Integer)sct.getAttribute("count");
		if(count > 0){
			sct.setAttribute("count", --count);
		}
		System.out.println("当前人数:"+count);
	}

}

配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
  <display-name>jsp6</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  
  <!-- 监听器 --> 
  <listener>
    <listener-class>web.CountListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  
  <!-- 将全局参数在InitServlet中初始化,方便其他调用和修改 -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>init</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>web.InitServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>test</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>web.TestServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>test</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/test</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>logout</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>web.LogoutServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>logout</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/logout</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

测试结果：（l两个不同的浏览器访问--创建2个session和销毁2个session）

请求路径：http://localhost:8080/jsp6/test      http://localhost:8080/jsp6/test     http://localhost:8080/jsp6/logout    http://localhost:8080/jsp6/logout

输出：

监听创建session
当前人数:1
监听创建session
当前人数:2
监听销毁session
当前人数:1
销毁了session ID为:703E789A938E1029007DCE9C4C3BB67E
监听销毁session
当前人数:0
销毁了session ID为:AB27D24FB29EE71825E4E44A430708A1

注意事项：servletContext可以用于读取常量（web.xml）  getInitParameter() 方法

若要读取变变量,则声明一个InitServlet,在init()方法中初始化servletContext中的参数

public void init() throws ServletException {
ServletContext context = getServletContext();
context.setAttribute("count", 0);
}

此时其他servlet可以使用setAttribute()和getAttribute()对该变量进行读取可修改读取变量和常量的方式不能混用