数据库的安装、授权及远程连接

目录

下载安装数据库

授权

安装navicat，连接数据库

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下载安装数据库

用wget下载

[root@node1 ~]# cd /usr/src
[root@node1 src]# wget http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-5.7.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-common-5.7.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-devel-5.7.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-libs-5.7.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.7.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@node1 src]# ls
debug                                           mysql-community-devel-5.7.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
kernels                                         mysql-community-libs-5.7.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm  mysql-community-server-5.7.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@node1 src]# 

安装

[root@node1 src]# yum -y localinstall *.rpm
[root@node1 src]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
[root@node1 src]# 

关闭防火墙和selinux，vi进入/etc/selinux/config将SELINUX=enforcing修改成SELINUX=disabled

[root@node1 src]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@node1 src]# vi /etc/selinux/config

设置临时生效和mysql开机自启

[root@node1 src]# setenforce 0
[root@node1 src]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@node1 src]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@node1 src]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2022-12-27 21:46:27 CST; 4min 20s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
 Main PID: 2617 (mysqld)
    Tasks: 27 (limit: 4722)
   Memory: 262.0M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─2617 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Dec 27 21:46:24 node1.example.com systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Dec 27 21:46:27 node1.example.com systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
[root@node1 src]# 

查询mysql服务端口号为3306

[root@node1 src]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q     Send-Q         Local Address:Port         Peer Address:Port     Process     
LISTEN     0          128                  0.0.0.0:22                0.0.0.0:*                    
LISTEN     0          128                  0.0.0.0:111               0.0.0.0:*                    
LISTEN     0          128                     [::]:22                   [::]:*                    
LISTEN     0          80                         *:3306                    *:*                    
LISTEN     0          128                     [::]:111                  [::]:*                    
[root@node1 src]# 

登陆时需要密码，但没有设置密码，需要查看临时密码使用

[root@node1 src]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2022-12-27T13:46:25.515449Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: C;tdKZXDE5aJ
[root@node1 src]# 

连接mysql 密码用单引号包围

[root@node1 src]# mysql -uroot -p'C;tdKZXDE5aJ'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.40

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

设置mysql的root用户密码 这个root指mysql的root

mysql> set password = password("WangShuai555!");
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

重新登录测试

[root@node1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'WangShuai555!'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.7.40 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

服务初始化

[root@node1 ~]# mysql_secure_installation

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Enter password for user root: 
The 'validate_password' plugin is installed on the server.
The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration
of the plugin.
Using existing password for root.

Estimated strength of the password: 100 
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n   //是否修改密码

 ... skipping.
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y   //是否删除匿名用户
Success.


Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n  //是否拒绝root远程连接

 ... skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.


Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y  //删除测试数据库和访问它们的权限

 - Dropping test database...
Success.

 - Removing privileges on test database...
Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y  //重新加载权限表
Success.

All done! 
[root@node1 ~]# 

授权

mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.47.1' identified by 'WangShuai555!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

安装navicat，连接数据库

下载链接Navicat | 支持 MySQL、MariaDB、MongoDB、SQL Server、SQLite、Oracle 和 PostgreSQL 的数据库管理

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