struts框架-请求转发、重定向,获取ServletAPI，利用驱动获取参数

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wangsongll/article/details/79934861

一、请求转发 dispatcher

1、配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

  <struts>
    <package name="jump" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
    <!--请求转发  -->
      <action name="Demo01Action" class="com.lanou3g.jump.Demo01Action" method="execute">
        <result name="success" type="dispatcher">/jump.jsp</result>
      </action>
          </package>
  </struts>

  2.Demo01Action

public class Demo01Action extends ActionSupport{
  //通过Demo01Action请求转发到 jump.jsp
      @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Demo01Action!");

        return "success";
    }
}

3.jump.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
明天继续
</body>
</html>

二、请求重定向 redirect

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

  <struts>
    <package name="jump" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
     <!--请求重定向，  -->
         <action name="Demo02Action" class="com.lanou3g.jump.Demo02Action" method="execute">
        <result name="success" type="redirect">/jump.jsp</result>
      </action> 
          </package>
  </struts>

  2.public class Demo02Action extends ActionSupport{
  //通过Demo01Action请求转发到 jump.jsp
      @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Demo02Action!");

        return "success";
    }
}

三、请求重定向到Demo01Action redirectAction

 <!-- Demo03Action请求重定向到Demo01Action -->
       <action name="Demo03Action" class="com.lanou3g.jump.Demo03Action" method="execute">
        <result name="success" type="redirectAction">
        <!--要跳转的页面,要重定向的名字  -->
         <param name="actionName">Demo01Action</param>
         <!--有无namespace ，要重定向的action 的命名空间 -->
          <param name="namespace">/</param>
        </result>
      </action>

      public class Demo03Action extends ActionSupport{
  //通过Demo03Action 请求重定向 Demo01Action
      @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Demo03Action!");

        return "success";
    }
}

四、请求转发到Demo01Action

  <!-- Demo04Action请求转发向到Demo01Action -->
       <action name="Demo04Action" class="com.lanou3g.jump.Demo04Action" method="execute">
       <!-- chain Action之间进行转发  -->
        <result name="success" type="chain">
        <!--要跳转的页面,要重定向的名字  -->
         <param name="actionName">Demo01Action</param>
         <!--有无namespace ，要重定向的action 的命名空间 -->
          <param name="namespace">/</param>
        </result>
      </action>



public class Demo04Action extends ActionSupport{
  //通过Demo04Action 请求重定向 Demo01Action
      @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Demo04Action!");

        return "success";
    }
}

五、获取ServletAPI

方式一：
/*
 * 获取ServletAPI
 * ActionContext，对象（数据大管家） 内部也是个map集合
 * ActionContext的生命周期，是跟随，请求request对象走的
 * 让request对象销毁，其他对象也会跟着销毁吗？
 * 
 * servlet线程不安全（访问共享数据会发生问题）
 * 整个程序，系统只帮你创建一次
 * 
 * struts2是线程安全的 ，如何做到
 * 一个用户访问，，Struts2就给你创建一个ActionContext对象
 * 
 * 
 * request对象
 * response对象   
 * session对象
 * servletContext对象
 * requestScope域  map
 * sessionScope域 map
 * applicationScope域 map
 * 
 */
//方式一
public class Demo05Action extends ActionSupport{

      @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
          //获取request域(不建议你，直接使用request域）
//        想使用request，系统推荐直接使用  ActionContext这个map，直接put
          //因为生命周期一样，一个请求，就会创建一个ActionContext对象
//        方式一，存到request
//注:用这个最简便
          //ActionContext.getContext().put("name", "ws");
          //也可以直接从ActionContext对象中，获取request对象
//        方式二，存到request
            Map<String, Object> requestScope = (Map<String, Object>)ActionContext.getContext().get("request");
            requestScope.put("name", "dp");

            //获取session域
    Map<String, Object> sessionScope = ActionContext.getContext().getSession();
    sessionScope.put("name", "wl");
          //获取application域(servletContext域）
    Map<String, Object> applicationScope = ActionContext.getContext().getApplication();
         applicationScope.put("name", "fj");
        return "success";
    }
}

struts：
 <action name="Demo05Action" class="com.lanou3g.servletapi.Demo05Action" method="execute">
        <result name="success" type="dispatcher">/scope.jsp</result>
      </action>
jsp：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
requestScope:${requestScope.name }<br>
sessionScope:${sessionScope.name }<br>
applicationScope:${applicationScope.name }
</body>
</html>

方式二：
public class Demo06Action extends ActionSupport{

      @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
          //获取原生Servlet对象
        HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
        HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
        ServletContext servletContext = ServletActionContext.getServletContext();
        //直接使用request对象获取session对象
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        return "success";
    }
}

获取方式三:ServletRequestAware---接口
通过是吸纳接口的方式，来获取，servlet原生对象

public class Demo07Action extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware{ 
    public Demo07Action() {
    System.out.println("Demo07创建了");
}
    //创建一个成员变量
      private HttpServletRequest request;
    @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        //直接使用成员变量
        this.request.setAttribute("name", "jiekou");
        return "success";
    }

    //接口中的方法
    @Override
    public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
        //使用成员变量赋值的方式，获得原生的servlet的对象
         this.request = request;

    }


}

六、驱动获取提交参数-三种

实体类
package com.lanou3g.bean;

import java.util.Date;

public class User {
     private String username;
     private Integer age;
     private Date birthday;
    public User() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    public User(String username, Integer age, Date birthday) {
        super();
        this.username = username;
        this.age = age;
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }
    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [username=" + username + ", age=" + age + ", birthday=" + birthday + "]";
    }


}

/*
 * 属性驱动----第一种
 */
public class Demo08Action extends ActionSupport {
     //利用属性，获取提交的参数
    //要体更get/set方
    //表单中的提交过来的key，作为属性名


     private String username;
     //struts2提供了数据类型和基本数据类型的包装类

     private Integer age;
     //只支持2019-01-01这种格式类型的转换
     private Date birthday;

     public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    @Override 
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        System.out.println(username);
        System.out.println(age);
        System.out.println(birthday);

    return "success";

}
}

/*
 * 对象驱动 获取参数
 * 
 */
public class Demo09Action extends ActionSupport {
    private User user;

public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }
    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
     //声明一个User对象属性
    System.out.println(user.getUsername());
    System.out.println(user.getAge());
    System.out.println(user.getBirthday());
    return "success";
}
}

     /* 
        * 模型驱动，获取参数
        * 实现ModelDriven接口
        * 注意：对象驱动需要修改，form表单，的name属性
        * 模型驱动，不需要（原来怎么整现在就怎么整
            */
    public class Demo10Action extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User>{
      //声明一个对象
        //模型驱动，必须要对接受参数的对象，进行初始化

        private User user = new User();

        @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
         System.out.println(user);
          return "success";
    }
    //实现接口中的方法
    @Override
    public User getModel() {
     //直接返回user对象
        return user;
    }
}

/*
 * 模型驱动 集合
 */
public class Demo11Action extends ActionSupport {
    private List<String> list;
    private Map<String, String> map;

     public Map<String, String> getMap() {
        return map;
    }


    public void setMap(Map<String, String> map) {
        this.map = map;
    }


    public List<String> getList() {
        return list;
    }


    public void setList(List<String> list) {
        this.list = list;
    }


    @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {

         System.out.println(list);
         System.out.println(map);
         return "success";
    }
}