Android绘图（三）

wangwei129549

于 2015-12-29 23:18:27 发布

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分类专栏： Android绘图文章标签：绘图

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wangwei129549/article/details/50429958

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（《群英传》）整理笔记：

3、PathEffect
用各种笔触效果来绘制一个路径。
CornerPathEffect：将拐角处变得圆滑，具体圆滑的程度，由参数决定；
DiscretePathEffect：使线段上产生许多杂点；
DashPathEffect：用来绘制虚线，用一个数组来设置各个点之间的间隔，另一个参数phase用来控制绘制时数组的一个偏移量；
PathDashPathEffect：设置显示点的图形，即方形点的虚线、圆形点的虚线；
ComposePathEffect：组合PathEffect，将任意两种路径特性组合起来形成一个新的效果；

public class PathEffectView extends View {

    private Paint mPaint;
    private Path mPath;
    private PathEffect[] mEffects;

    public PathEffectView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        mPaint = new Paint();
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        mPaint.setStrokeWidth(5);
        mPaint.setColor(Color.DKGRAY);
        // 这里使用随机数来生成一些随机的点并形成一条路径
        mPath = new Path();
        mPath.moveTo(0, 0);
        for (int i = 0; i <= 30; i++) {
            mPath.lineTo(i * 35, (float) (Math.random() * 100));
        }
        mEffects = new PathEffect[6];
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        // 通过不同的PathEffect来绘制Path
        mEffects[0] = null;
        mEffects[1] = new CornerPathEffect(30);
        mEffects[2] = new DiscretePathEffect(3.0F, 5.0F);
        mEffects[3] = new DashPathEffect(new float[] { 20, 10, 5, 10 }, 0);
        Path path = new Path();
        path.addRect(0, 0, 8, 8, Path.Direction.CCW);
        mEffects[4] = new PathDashPathEffect(path, 12, 0, PathDashPathEffect.Style.ROTATE);
        // 每绘制一个Path，就将画布平移，从而让各种PathEffect依次绘制出来
        mEffects[5] = new ComposePathEffect(mEffects[3], mEffects[1]);
        for (int i = 0; i < mEffects.length; i++) {
            mPaint.setPathEffect(mEffects[i]);
            canvas.drawPath(mPath, mPaint);
            canvas.translate(0, 200);
        }
    }
}

SurfaceView:
如果自定义View需要频繁刷新，或者刷新时数据处理量比较大，就可以考虑使用SurfaceView来取代View。

/**
 * SurfaceView(自定义View需频繁刷新) 模板代码
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
// 第一步：创建自定义的SurfaceView，实现两个接口
public class SurfaceViewTemplate extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback, Runnable {
    // 第四步：初始化SurfaceView，定义以下三个变量
    private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
    // 用于绘图的Canvas
    private Canvas mCanvas;
    // 子线程标志位，控制子线程
    private boolean mIsDrawing;

    public SurfaceViewTemplate(Context context) {
        super(context);
        initView();
    }

    public SurfaceViewTemplate(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        initView();
    }

    public SurfaceViewTemplate(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
        initView();
    }

    private void initView() {
        // 初始化一个SurfaceHolder对象，并注册SurfaceHolder的回调方法
        mHolder = getHolder();
        mHolder.addCallback(this);
        setFocusable(true);
        setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
        this.setKeepScreenOn(true);
    }

    // 第二步：SurfaceHolder.Callback重写三个方法
    // SurfaceView的创建
    @Override
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        mIsDrawing = true;
        new Thread(this).start();
    }

    // SurfaceView的改变
    @Override
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
    }

    // SurfaceView的销毁
    @Override
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        mIsDrawing = false;
    }

    // 第三步：Runnable实现run()方法
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (mIsDrawing) {
            draw();
        }
    }

    private void draw() {
        try {
            // 第五步：获得当前的Canvas绘图对象
            mCanvas = mHolder.lockCanvas();
            // 在这里做一些绘图操作
            // TODO draw something here
        } catch (Exception e) {
        } finally {
            if (mCanvas != null)
                mHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(mCanvas);
        }
    }
}

绘制的时候充分利用SurfaceView的三个回调方法，在surfaceCreated()方法中开启子线程进行绘制，而子线程使用一个while(mIsDrawing)的循环来不停的进行绘制。通过lockCanvas()方法获得的Canvas对象进行绘制，并通过unlockCanvasAndPost(mCanvas)方法对画布内容进行提交。

示例1：

/**
 * SurfaceView应用实例：sin函数
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class SurfaceViewSin extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback, Runnable {

    private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
    private Canvas mCanvas;
    private boolean mIsDrawing;
    private int x = 0;
    private int y = 0;
    private Path mPath;
    private Paint mPaint;

    public SurfaceViewSin(Context context) {
        super(context);
        initView();
    }

    public SurfaceViewSin(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        initView();
    }

    public SurfaceViewSin(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
        initView();
    }

    private void initView() {
        mHolder = getHolder();
        mHolder.addCallback(this);
        setFocusable(true);
        setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
        this.setKeepScreenOn(true);
        mPath = new Path();
        mPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
        mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        mPaint.setStrokeWidth(10);
        mPaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);
        mPaint.setStrokeJoin(Paint.Join.ROUND);
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        mIsDrawing = true;
        mPath.moveTo(0, 400);
        new Thread(this).start();
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        mIsDrawing = false;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        // 不断地修改横纵坐标的值，并让他们满足正弦函数即可
        while (mIsDrawing) {
            draw();
            x += 1;
            y = (int) (100 * Math.sin(x * 2 * Math.PI / 180) + 400);
            // 使用一个Path对象来保存正弦函数上的坐标点
            mPath.lineTo(x, y);
        }
    }

    private void draw() {
        try {
            mCanvas = mHolder.lockCanvas();
            // SurfaceView背景
            mCanvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE);
            mCanvas.drawPath(mPath, mPaint);
        } catch (Exception e) {
        } finally {
            if (mCanvas != null)
                mHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(mCanvas);
        }
    }
}

示例2：

/**
 * 绘图板
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class SimpleDraw extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback, Runnable {

    // 通过Path对象来记录手指滑动的路径来进行绘图，在onTouchEvent()中记录Path路径。
    private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
    private Canvas mCanvas;
    private boolean mIsDrawing;
    private Path mPath;
    private Paint mPaint;

    public SimpleDraw(Context context) {
        super(context);
        initView();
    }

    public SimpleDraw(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        initView();
    }

    public SimpleDraw(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
        initView();
    }

    private void initView() {

        mHolder = getHolder();
        mHolder.addCallback(this);
        setFocusable(true);
        setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
        this.setKeepScreenOn(true);

        mPath = new Path();
        mPaint = new Paint();
        mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        mPaint.setStrokeWidth(40);
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        mIsDrawing = true;
        new Thread(this).start();
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        mIsDrawing = false;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        // 有时候不需要绘制的这么频繁，在这里进行sleep操作，尽可能的节省系统资源。
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        // 通过draw()方法所使用的逻辑时长来确定sleep的时长
        while (mIsDrawing) {
            draw();
        }
        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
        // 经验值50 - 100 ms
        if (end - start < 100) {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(100 - (end - start));
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    private void draw() {
        try {
            mCanvas = mHolder.lockCanvas();
            mCanvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE);
            mCanvas.drawPath(mPath, mPaint);
        } catch (Exception e) {
        } finally {
            if (mCanvas != null)
                mHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(mCanvas);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        int x = (int) event.getX();
        int y = (int) event.getY();
        switch (event.getAction()) {
        case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
            mPath.moveTo(x, y);
            break;
        case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
            mPath.lineTo(x, y);
            break;
        case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
            break;
        }
        return true;
    }
}

（这一块感觉比较难，以后回过头来再深入理解）

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Android绘图（三）

（《群英传》）整理笔记：3、PathEffect 用各种笔触效果来绘制一个路径。 CornerPathEffect：将拐角处变得圆滑，具体圆滑的程度，由参数决定； DiscretePathEffect：使线段上产生许多杂点； DashPathEffect：用来绘制虚线，用一个数组来设置各个点之间的间隔，另一个参数phase用来控制绘制时数组的一个偏移量； PathDashPathEffec
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