(《群英传》)整理笔记:
3、PathEffect
用各种笔触效果来绘制一个路径。
CornerPathEffect:将拐角处变得圆滑,具体圆滑的程度,由参数决定;
DiscretePathEffect:使线段上产生许多杂点;
DashPathEffect:用来绘制虚线,用一个数组来设置各个点之间的间隔,另一个参数phase用来控制绘制时数组的一个偏移量;
PathDashPathEffect:设置显示点的图形,即方形点的虚线、圆形点的虚线;
ComposePathEffect:组合PathEffect,将任意两种路径特性组合起来形成一个新的效果;
public class PathEffectView extends View {
private Paint mPaint;
private Path mPath;
private PathEffect[] mEffects;
public PathEffectView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
mPaint = new Paint();
mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
mPaint.setStrokeWidth(5);
mPaint.setColor(Color.DKGRAY);
// 这里使用随机数来生成一些随机的点并形成一条路径
mPath = new Path();
mPath.moveTo(0, 0);
for (int i = 0; i <= 30; i++) {
mPath.lineTo(i * 35, (float) (Math.random() * 100));
}
mEffects = new PathEffect[6];
}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
super.onDraw(canvas);
// 通过不同的PathEffect来绘制Path
mEffects[0] = null;
mEffects[1] = new CornerPathEffect(30);
mEffects[2] = new DiscretePathEffect(3.0F, 5.0F);
mEffects[3] = new DashPathEffect(new float[] { 20, 10, 5, 10 }, 0);
Path path = new Path();
path.addRect(0, 0, 8, 8, Path.Direction.CCW);
mEffects[4] = new PathDashPathEffect(path, 12, 0, PathDashPathEffect.Style.ROTATE);
// 每绘制一个Path,就将画布平移,从而让各种PathEffect依次绘制出来
mEffects[5] = new ComposePathEffect(mEffects[3], mEffects[1]);
for (int i = 0; i < mEffects.length; i++) {
mPaint.setPathEffect(mEffects[i]);
canvas.drawPath(mPath, mPaint);
canvas.translate(0, 200);
}
}
}
SurfaceView:
如果自定义View需要频繁刷新,或者刷新时数据处理量比较大,就可以考虑使用SurfaceView来取代View。
/**
* SurfaceView(自定义View需频繁刷新) 模板代码
*
* @author Administrator
*
*/
// 第一步:创建自定义的SurfaceView,实现两个接口
public class SurfaceViewTemplate extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback, Runnable {
// 第四步:初始化SurfaceView,定义以下三个变量
private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
// 用于绘图的Canvas
private Canvas mCanvas;
// 子线程标志位,控制子线程
private boolean mIsDrawing;
public SurfaceViewTemplate(Context context) {
super(context);
initView();
}
public SurfaceViewTemplate(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
initView();
}
public SurfaceViewTemplate(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
super(context, attrs, defStyle);
initView();
}
private void initView() {
// 初始化一个SurfaceHolder对象,并注册SurfaceHolder的回调方法
mHolder = getHolder();
mHolder.addCallback(this);
setFocusable(true);
setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
this.setKeepScreenOn(true);
}
// 第二步:SurfaceHolder.Callback重写三个方法
// SurfaceView的创建
@Override
public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
mIsDrawing = true;
new Thread(this).start();
}
// SurfaceView的改变
@Override
public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
}
// SurfaceView的销毁
@Override
public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
mIsDrawing = false;
}
// 第三步:Runnable实现run()方法
@Override
public void run() {
while (mIsDrawing) {
draw();
}
}
private void draw() {
try {
// 第五步:获得当前的Canvas绘图对象
mCanvas = mHolder.lockCanvas();
// 在这里做一些绘图操作
// TODO draw something here
} catch (Exception e) {
} finally {
if (mCanvas != null)
mHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(mCanvas);
}
}
}
绘制的时候充分利用SurfaceView的三个回调方法,在surfaceCreated()方法中开启子线程进行绘制,而子线程使用一个while(mIsDrawing)的循环来不停的进行绘制。通过lockCanvas()方法获得的Canvas对象进行绘制,并通过unlockCanvasAndPost(mCanvas)方法对画布内容进行提交。
示例1:
/**
* SurfaceView应用实例:sin函数
*
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class SurfaceViewSin extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback, Runnable {
private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
private Canvas mCanvas;
private boolean mIsDrawing;
private int x = 0;
private int y = 0;
private Path mPath;
private Paint mPaint;
public SurfaceViewSin(Context context) {
super(context);
initView();
}
public SurfaceViewSin(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
initView();
}
public SurfaceViewSin(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
super(context, attrs, defStyle);
initView();
}
private void initView() {
mHolder = getHolder();
mHolder.addCallback(this);
setFocusable(true);
setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
this.setKeepScreenOn(true);
mPath = new Path();
mPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
mPaint.setStrokeWidth(10);
mPaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);
mPaint.setStrokeJoin(Paint.Join.ROUND);
}
@Override
public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
mIsDrawing = true;
mPath.moveTo(0, 400);
new Thread(this).start();
}
@Override
public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
}
@Override
public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
mIsDrawing = false;
}
@Override
public void run() {
// 不断地修改横纵坐标的值,并让他们满足正弦函数即可
while (mIsDrawing) {
draw();
x += 1;
y = (int) (100 * Math.sin(x * 2 * Math.PI / 180) + 400);
// 使用一个Path对象来保存正弦函数上的坐标点
mPath.lineTo(x, y);
}
}
private void draw() {
try {
mCanvas = mHolder.lockCanvas();
// SurfaceView背景
mCanvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE);
mCanvas.drawPath(mPath, mPaint);
} catch (Exception e) {
} finally {
if (mCanvas != null)
mHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(mCanvas);
}
}
}
示例2:
/**
* 绘图板
*
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class SimpleDraw extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback, Runnable {
// 通过Path对象来记录手指滑动的路径来进行绘图,在onTouchEvent()中记录Path路径。
private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
private Canvas mCanvas;
private boolean mIsDrawing;
private Path mPath;
private Paint mPaint;
public SimpleDraw(Context context) {
super(context);
initView();
}
public SimpleDraw(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
initView();
}
public SimpleDraw(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
super(context, attrs, defStyle);
initView();
}
private void initView() {
mHolder = getHolder();
mHolder.addCallback(this);
setFocusable(true);
setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
this.setKeepScreenOn(true);
mPath = new Path();
mPaint = new Paint();
mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
mPaint.setStrokeWidth(40);
}
@Override
public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
mIsDrawing = true;
new Thread(this).start();
}
@Override
public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
}
@Override
public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
mIsDrawing = false;
}
@Override
public void run() {
// 有时候不需要绘制的这么频繁,在这里进行sleep操作,尽可能的节省系统资源。
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
// 通过draw()方法所使用的逻辑时长来确定sleep的时长
while (mIsDrawing) {
draw();
}
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
// 经验值50 - 100 ms
if (end - start < 100) {
try {
Thread.sleep(100 - (end - start));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
private void draw() {
try {
mCanvas = mHolder.lockCanvas();
mCanvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE);
mCanvas.drawPath(mPath, mPaint);
} catch (Exception e) {
} finally {
if (mCanvas != null)
mHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(mCanvas);
}
}
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
int x = (int) event.getX();
int y = (int) event.getY();
switch (event.getAction()) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
mPath.moveTo(x, y);
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
mPath.lineTo(x, y);
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
break;
}
return true;
}
}
(这一块感觉比较难,以后回过头来再深入理解)