TMMI_测试过程改进框架_已定义级别6_测试培训_4

Generic Practices by Goals 通用目的和实践

GG 2 Institutionalize a Managed Process 建立管理流程。

GP 2.1 Establish an organizational policy

Establish and maintain an organizational policy for planning and performing the organizational Test Training Program process. Elaboration The test training policy typically specifies:  The knowledge and skills needed for performing the test functions and roles  Test training methods for imparting knowledge and skills  Test training is provided to build a knowledge and skill base for testing, to fulfil the needs of projects and to develop the skills of the individuals  An in-house training group is established  Test training is developed within the organization or obtained from outside the organization when appropriate  Test training is also applicable for business representatives, software engineers, integrators and architects that fulfil a test role within a project GP 2.2 Plan the process Establish and maintain the plan for performing the organizational Test Training Program process. Elaboration This plan for performing the Test Training Program process differs from the test training plan described in a specific practice in this process area. The plan for this generic practice would address the comprehensive planning for all of the specific practices in this process area, from the establishment of strategic test training needs all the way through the assessment of the effectiveness of the test training effort. In contrast the test training plan would address the periodic planning for the delivery of individual training offerings.

GP 2.3 Provide resources

Provide adequate resources for performing the organizational Test Training Program process, developing the test work products, and providing the services of the process. Elaboration  An annual budget is available for test training  People, e.g., the organizational training staff, with the appropriate skills are available Examples of people (full or part time, internal or external), and skills include the following:  Testing experts  Domain experts  Curriculum designers  Course designers  Instructors  Training administrators  Appropriate facilities and tools are made available to perform training Examples of training facilities and tools include the following:  Classroom training facilities  Workstations to be used for training  Computer-based training packages  Packages for developing presentation materials

GP 2.4 Assign responsibilities

Assign responsibility and authority for performing the organizational Test Training Program process, developing the work products, and providing the services of the Test Training Program process. Elaboration A group (or person) is designated to be responsible for developing, managing and coordinating the test training program, e.g., organizational training department/coordinator, human resources, etc.

GP 2.5 Train people

Train the people performing or supporting the organizational Test Training Program process as needed. Elaboration Examples of training topics include the following:  Knowledge and skill needs analysis  Course design  Training delivery techniques/methods  Refresher training on subject matter

GP 2.6 Manage configurations

Place selected work products of the organizational Test Training Program process under appropriate levels of configuration control. Elaboration Examples of work products placed under configuration management include the following:  Test training plan  Training records  Training materials and supporting artifacts  Evaluation forms

GP 2.7 Identify and involve relevant stakeholders

Identify and involve relevant stakeholders of the organizational Test Training Program process as planned. Elaboration Examples of activities for stakeholder involvement include the following:  Identifying test training needs  Reviewing the test training plan  Assessing test training effectiveness

GP 2.8 Monitor and control the process

Monitor and control the organizational Test Training Program process against the plan for performing the process and take appropriate actions.  Elaboration Examples of measures used in monitoring and control of the Test Training Program process include the following:  Number of training courses delivered (e.g., planned versus actual)  Actual attendance at each training course compared to the projected attendance  Schedule for delivery of training  Schedule for development of courses  Training costs against allocated budget  Progress in developing and providing training courses compared to the documented test training needs

GP 2.9 Objectively evaluate adherence

Objectively evaluate adherence of the organizational Test Training Program process and selected work products against the process description, standards, and procedures, and address any areas of non-compliance. Elaboration Examples of review and/or audit topics for evaluation and adherence include the following:  Process for developing and revising the training plan  Process for developing and revising training courses  Providing necessary test training  Test training plan  Test training records  Training materials and supporting artifacts  Instructor and participant evaluation forms

GP 2.10 Review status with higher level management

Review the activities, status and results of the organizational Test Training Program process with higher level management and resolve issues. Elaboration Examples of issues to be reviewed with higher level management include the following:  The effectiveness of the test training program  Progress regarding test training activities  Test training costs  The performance of subcontracted training organizations

GG 3 Institutionalize a Defined Process

GP 3.1 Establish a defined process

Establish and maintain a description of a defined organizational Test Training Program process.

GP 3.2 Collect improvement information

Collect process related experiences derived from planning and performing the organizational Test Training Program process to support the future use and improvement of the organization’s processes and process assets. Elaboration Examples of measures include the following:  Number of training courses delivered (e.g., planned versus actual)  Post-training evaluation ratings  Training program quality survey ratings