Python 基础学习 vars(), 将args 转换为dict

vars()
如果对象具有__dict__属性，则vars（）函数返回给定对象的__dict__属性.(函数返回对象object的属性和属性值的字典对象¹ )

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日常运用:
将args传递的参数从namespace 转换为dict,这样就不用将args包含的参数一一列举出来再传入相应函数中,化简代码,增加可读性.

class WGAN():
	def __init__(self,d1,d2):
		self.args   = d1
		self.kwargs = d2
		
	def printval(self):
		print(self.args)
		print(self.kwargs)
		
def parse_train():
	parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Tain WGAN model")
	parser.add_argument('--try1',dest='d1',default=1, type = int, help = "this is try1")
	parser.add_argument('--try2',dest='d2',default=2, type = int, help = "this is try2")
	args = parser.parse_args()
	return args

def main():
	args = parse_train()
	wgan = WGAN(**vars(args))
	wgan.printval()

if __name__ == "__main__":
	main()

• 若不用 wgan = WGAN(**vars(args)),则需要输入wgan = WGAN(args.d1,args.d2),在参数较多的情况下十分冗余,不便阅读

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vars()
例子:

#1
class checkvars():
    def __init__(self,a,b):
        self.c = a
        self.d = 888
        n = 777
        self.y=0
    def anther(self,x,y):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y

trytry = checkvars(1,2)
print(vars(trytry))
trytry.anther(5,6)
print(vars(trytry))

#2
class checkvars():
    def __init__(self,a,b):
        pass
trytry = checkvars(1,2)
print(vars(trytry))

结果:

#1
{'c': 1, 'd': 888, 'y': 0}
{'c': 1, 'd': 888, 'y': 6, 'x': 5}
#2
{}

思考:

• 如果vars()函数没有输入参数,用法与locals()相同,以字典形式返回当前位置的全部局部变量名(locals()用法移步(请移步基础函数locals))
• 将类传递给vars(),返回此类下被声明部分所有变量名称,且子函数不会影响最终输出.运行函数表达式后,则会返回函数中改变的变量

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1. http://www.runoob.com/python/python-func-vars.html ↩︎