将音频转化为MP3格式(lame库)

为什么要转化音频格式

最近又在做即时通讯了, 关于语音录制的文件总是那么几个类型的, 但想要与 Android 实现音频互通. 那么就要转化Mp3格式的音频文件或者Amr 格式文件. 当然Amr是最好,因为同等时长下, amr文件数据大小是最小的, 非常适合移动设备的数据传输。

在iOS中使用AVAudioRecorder无法录制MP3格式的音频文件，虽然你可能会看到过这样的枚举, 但是事实是只有几个类型是可以正常生成的,如caf, wav等.

      kAudioFormatLinearPCM               = 'lpcm',
      kAudioFormatAC3                     = 'ac-3',
      kAudioFormat60958AC3                = 'cac3',
      kAudioFormatAppleIMA4               = 'ima4',
      kAudioFormatMPEG4AAC                = 'aac ',
      kAudioFormatMPEG4CELP               = 'celp',
      kAudioFormatMPEG4HVXC               = 'hvxc',
      kAudioFormatMPEG4TwinVQ             = 'twvq',
      kAudioFormatMACE3                   = 'MAC3',
      kAudioFormatMACE6                   = 'MAC6',
      kAudioFormatULaw                    = 'ulaw',
      kAudioFormatALaw                    = 'alaw',
      kAudioFormatQDesign                 = 'QDMC',
      kAudioFormatQDesign2                = 'QDM2',
      kAudioFormatQUALCOMM                = 'Qclp',
      kAudioFormatMPEGLayer1              = '.mp1',
      kAudioFormatMPEGLayer2              = '.mp2',
      kAudioFormatMPEGLayer3              = '.mp3',
      kAudioFormatTimeCode                = 'time',
      kAudioFormatMIDIStream              = 'midi',
      kAudioFormatParameterValueStream    = 'apvs',
      kAudioFormatAppleLossless           = 'alac',
      kAudioFormatMPEG4AAC_HE             = 'aach',
      kAudioFormatMPEG4AAC_LD             = 'aacl',
      kAudioFormatMPEG4AAC_ELD            = 'aace',
      kAudioFormatMPEG4AAC_ELD_SBR        = 'aacf',
      kAudioFormatMPEG4AAC_ELD_V2         = 'aacg',    
      kAudioFormatMPEG4AAC_HE_V2          = 'aacp',
      kAudioFormatMPEG4AAC_Spatial        = 'aacs',
      kAudioFormatAMR                     = 'samr',
      kAudioFormatAMR_WB                  = 'sawb',
      kAudioFormatAudible                 = 'AUDB',
      kAudioFormatiLBC                    = 'ilbc',
      kAudioFormatDVIIntelIMA             = 0x6D730011,
      kAudioFormatMicrosoftGSM            = 0x6D730031,
      kAudioFormatAES3                    = 'aes3',
      kAudioFormatEnhancedAC3             = 'ec-3'

我这里使用的是音频转码MP3开源库lame进行转化的.

录音设置

AudioToolbox.framework是一套基于C语言的框架，使用它来播放音效其本质是将短音频注册到系统声音服务（System Sound Service）。System Sound Service是一种简单、底层的声音播放服务，但是它本身也存在着一些限制：

音频播放时间不能超过30s
数据必须是PCM或者IMA4格式
音频文件必须打包成.caf、.aif、.wav中的一种（注意这是官方文档的说法，实际测试发现一些.mp3也可以播放）

//录音机
-(AVAudioRecorder *)audioRecorder
{
    if (!_audioRecorder) {
        //创建录音文件保存路径
        NSURL *url=[NSURL fileURLWithPath:[self getTheAudioSavePath]];
        [self getTheAudioSavePath];
        //创建录音格式设置
        NSDictionary *setting=[self getAudioSetting];
        //创建录音机
        NSError *error=nil;
        _audioRecorder=[[AVAudioRecorder alloc]initWithURL:url settings:setting error:&error];
        _audioRecorder.delegate=self;
        _audioRecorder.meteringEnabled=YES;//如果要监控声波则必须设置为YES
        [_audioRecorder recordForDuration:60.0];
        if (error) {
            NSLog(@"创建录音机对象时发生错误，错误信息：%@",error.localizedDescription);
            [self chatKeyBoardDidCancelRecording:self.chatKeyBoard];
            return nil;
        }
    }
    return _audioRecorder;
}
//录音文件保存路径
- (NSString *)getTheAudioSavePath
{
    NSString *urlStr=[NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];
    urlStr=[urlStr stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"myRecord.caf"];
    NSLog(@"file path:%@",urlStr);
    return urlStr;
}
//录音器配置字典
-(NSDictionary *)getAudioSetting
{
    NSMutableDictionary *dicM=[NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
    //设置录音格式
    [dicM setObject:@(kAudioFormatLinearPCM) forKey:AVFormatIDKey];
    //设置录音采样率，8000是电话采样率，对于一般录音已经够了
    [dicM setObject:@(8000) forKey:AVSampleRateKey];
    //    //设置通道,单声道/双声道
    [dicM setObject:@(2) forKey:AVNumberOfChannelsKey];
    //音质
    [dicM setObject:@(AVAudioQualityMin) forKey: AVEncoderAudioQualityKey];
    //    //每个采样点位数,分为8、16、24、32
    //    [dicM setObject:@(8) forKey:AVLinearPCMBitDepthKey];
    //    //是否使用浮点数采样
    //    [dicM setObject:@(YES) forKey:AVLinearPCMIsFloatKey];
    //    [dicM setObject:@(NO) forKey:AVLinearPCMIsBigEndianKey];
    //    [dicM setObject:@12800 forKey:AVEncoderBitRateKey];//解码率
    return dicM;
}

通过lame转化caf为mp3

1.添加lame库到项目
添加的lame库资源最好是即支持32位又支持64位的lame库下载地址: 支持arm64的lame库

2.导入头文件 #import “lame.h”

3.核心代码

//caf异步转mp3
-(void)conversionAction
{ dispatch_sync(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
        NSString *audioMP3Path = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"file://%@",[self audio_PCMtoMP3]];
    });
}

- (NSString *)audio_PCMtoMP3
{
    NSString *urlStr=[NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];
    NSString *cafFilePath =[urlStr stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"myRecord.caf"] ;//原caf文件位置
    NSString *mp3FilePath = [urlStr stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"myRecord.mp3"];//转化过后的MP3文件位置
    
    @try {
        int read, write;
        
        FILE *pcm = fopen([cafFilePath cStringUsingEncoding:1], "rb");  //source 被转换的音频文件位置
        fseek(pcm, 4*1024, SEEK_CUR);                                   //skip file header
        FILE *mp3 = fopen([mp3FilePath cStringUsingEncoding:1], "wb");  //output 输出生成的Mp3文件位置
        
        const int PCM_SIZE = 8192;
        const int MP3_SIZE = 8192;
        short int pcm_buffer[PCM_SIZE*2];
        unsigned char mp3_buffer[MP3_SIZE];
        
        lame_t lame = lame_init();
        lame_set_in_samplerate(lame, 8000);
        lame_set_VBR(lame, vbr_default);
        lame_init_params(lame);
        
        do {
            read = fread(pcm_buffer, 2*sizeof(short int), PCM_SIZE, pcm);
            if (read == 0)
                write = lame_encode_flush(lame, mp3_buffer, MP3_SIZE);
            else
                write = lame_encode_buffer_interleaved(lame, pcm_buffer, read, mp3_buffer, MP3_SIZE);
            
            fwrite(mp3_buffer, write, 1, mp3);
            
        } while (read != 0);
        
        lame_close(lame);
        fclose(mp3);
        fclose(pcm);
    }
    @catch (NSException *exception) {
        NSLog(@"%@",[exception description]);
    }
    @finally {
        NSString *urlStr=[NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];
        NSString *cafFilePath =[urlStr stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"myRecord.caf"];
        NSString *mp3FilePath = [urlStr stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"myRecord.mp3"];
        NSData *data1= [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:cafFilePath];
        NSData *data2= [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:mp3FilePath];
        
        NSLog(@"%lu,%lu",(unsigned long)data1.length, (unsigned long)data2.length);
        return mp3FilePath;
    }
}

4.注意事项

• 语音录制时的录音设置与lame转化的设置要一致, 否则会产生语音模糊不清, 变频等问题.
• 转换成功后将直接进到 @finally 代码块中, 可以在此进行验证