Windows Socket编程TCP范例之二(select)

通过select模型,可以在多个客户端连接的情况下,无需创建多个线程处理即单线程处理。
以下示例：
Client端向Server端发送数据,Server端接收数据并输出。

Server.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>

using namespace std;

#pragma comment(lib, "Ws2_32.lib")

#define PORT_NO 6000
#define BACKLOG 10

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	WSADATA wsaData;
	int ret;
	WORD wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
	SOCKET sockSrv;
	SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv, addrClient;
	HANDLE hThread = NULL;

	// 初始化Windows Socket------
	ret = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
	if (ret != 0) 
	{
		cout << "WSAStartup() failed:" << WSAGetLastError() << endl;
		return -1;
	}

	// 创建Socket------
	sockSrv = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if (INVALID_SOCKET == sockSrv)
	{
		cout << "socket() failed:" << WSAGetLastError() << endl;
		WSACleanup();
		return -1;
	}
	addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
	addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET;
	addrSrv.sin_port = htons(PORT_NO);

	// Bind Socket------
	ret = bind(sockSrv, (SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv, sizeof(SOCKADDR));
	if (SOCKET_ERROR == ret)
	{
		cout << "bind() failed:" << WSAGetLastError() << endl;
		closesocket(sockSrv);
		WSACleanup();
		return -1;
	}

	// 监听------
	ret = listen(sockSrv, BACKLOG);
	if (SOCKET_ERROR == ret)
	{
		cout << "listen() failed:" << WSAGetLastError() << endl;
		closesocket(sockSrv);
		WSACleanup();
		return -1;
	}

	cout<< "Server started......" << endl;

	// select------
	//单线程实现多客户端处理
	fd_set fdSocketAll;   // 记录所有socket
	FD_ZERO(&fdSocketAll); 
	FD_SET(sockSrv, &fdSocketAll);

	while (1)
	{
		fd_set fdRead = fdSocketAll;
		ret = select(0, &fdRead, NULL, NULL, NULL);

		if (0 == ret)  // 超时,由于timeout设为NULL,所有没有超时之说
		{
			cout << "over time..." << endl;
			continue;
		}
		else if (ret > 0)	// ok
		{
			#pragma region
			for (int i=0; i<(int)fdRead.fd_count; ++i)
			{
				SOCKET sock = fdRead.fd_array[i];

				if (sock == sockSrv)	// 监听套接字接受到新连接
				{
					int len=sizeof(SOCKADDR);
					SOCKET sockConn = accept(sockSrv, (SOCKADDR*)&addrClient, &len);
					if (INVALID_SOCKET == sockConn)
					{
						cout << "accept() failed:" << WSAGetLastError() << endl;
						break;
					}

					cout << "接受到新连接:" << ::inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr) << endl;

					if (fdSocketAll.fd_count < FD_SETSIZE)
					{
						FD_SET(sockConn, &fdSocketAll);
					}
					else
					{
						cout << "Too much connections!" << endl;
						closesocket(sockConn);
					}
				}
				else    // 有数据可读取
				{
					char recvBuffer[MAX_PATH] = {0};
					ret = recv(sock, recvBuffer, sizeof(recvBuffer), 0);
					if (ret == 0)
					{
						cout << "Connection has been gracefully closed." << endl;
						FD_CLR(sock, &fdSocketAll);
						closesocket(sock);
						continue;
					}
					else if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR) 
					{
						cout << "Connection has been closed ungracefully." << endl;
						FD_CLR(sock, &fdSocketAll);
						closesocket(sock);
						continue;
					}

					cout << "Receive Data from Client:" << recvBuffer << endl;
				}
			}
			#pragma endregion
		}
		else	// error
		{
			cout << "select() failed:" << WSAGetLastError() << endl;
			break;
		}
	}

	// 清理资源------
	for (int i=0; i<(int)fdSocketAll.fd_count; ++i)
	{
		closesocket(fdSocketAll.fd_array[i]);
	}
	WSACleanup();


	cout << "exit..." << endl;
	return 0;
}

Client.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>

using namespace std;

#pragma comment(lib, "Ws2_32.lib")

#define PORT_NO 6000
#define SRV_IP_ADDR "127.0.0.1"

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	int ret;
	WSADATA wsaData;
	WORD wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
	SOCKET sockClient;
	SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;
	
	// 初始化Windows Socket------
	ret = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
	if (ret != 0) 
	{
		cout << "WSAStartup() failed:" << WSAGetLastError() << endl;
		return -1;
	}

    // 创建Socket------
	sockClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if (INVALID_SOCKET == sockClient)
	{
		cout << "socket() failed:" << WSAGetLastError() << endl;
		WSACleanup();
		return -1;
	}

	addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr(SRV_IP_ADDR);
	addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET;
	addrSrv.sin_port = htons(PORT_NO);

	// 连接------
	ret = connect(sockClient, (SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv, sizeof(SOCKADDR));
	if (SOCKET_ERROR == ret)
	{
		cout << "connect() failed:" << WSAGetLastError() << endl;
		closesocket(sockClient);
		WSACleanup();
		return -1;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "connect() successfully." << endl;
	}

	// 发送数据------
	char sendBuf[MAX_PATH] = {0};
	while (1)
	{
		cin.getline(sendBuf, sizeof(sendBuf));
		if (strcmp(sendBuf, "exit") == 0)
		{
			break;
		}
		ret = send(sockClient, sendBuf, strlen(sendBuf)+1, 0);
		if (SOCKET_ERROR == ret)
		{
			cout << "send() failed:" << WSAGetLastError() << endl;
			closesocket(sockClient);
			WSACleanup();
			return -1;
		}
	}

	// 清理资源-------
	closesocket(sockClient);
	WSACleanup();

	cout << "exit..." << endl;
	return 0;
}

效果图片如下：