ftp配置问题和完整个配置

一、安装

     yum -y install vsftpd

二、用户操作

1、创建分组        

       groupadd  ftpGroup 

2、创建用户，并指定分组和主目录(-m创建主目录) （重要）

           useradd -d /opt/reconciliation -s /sbin/nologin -g ftpGroup -G root -m ftpUser

3、设定密码

          passwd ftpUser

4、设置访问权限
       usermod -d /opt/reconciliation/ ftpUser 　//更改用户test的主目录为/test
       chown ftpUser /opt/reconciliation/

三、配置文件 （需求:只能创建用户可以用并且只能在自己主目录下不能切换目录，关闭匿名）

1、关闭匿名

    anonymous_enable=NO

    anon_upload_enable=NO

    anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO

2、只能写入用户可以使用 （如果没有自己创建）

    userlist_deny=NO
    userlist_enable=YES
   userlist_file=/etc/vsftpd/user_list

3、只能在自己主目录下不能切换目录（chroot_list_enable=YES ;可以随意用户chroot_list , 如果没有创建)
    chroot_local_user=YES
    chroot_list_enable=YES
    chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list

4、修改端口和被动时的端口
    listen_port=2121
    pasv_enable=YES
    pasv_min_port=10000
    pasv_max_port=20000

四、防火墙问题

1、关闭防火墙

    systemctl stop firewalld.service（临时）

    systemctl disable firewalld.service（永久）

2、关闭selinux服务（getenforce    这个命令检查）

    setenforce 0 （临时关闭）

    vi /etc/selinux/config   将SELINUX=enforcing改为：SELINUX=disabled  （永久关闭）

3、系统重启，让配置生效

    shutdown -r now

五、vsftp服务

1、设置vsftpd开机启动

    systemctl enable vsftpd.service

2、启动并查看vsftpd服务状态

    systemctl start vsftpd.service
    systemctl status vsftpd.service

六、附完整个的配置一份

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool ftp_home_dir
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool allow_ftpd_anon_write, allow_ftpd_full_access
anon_upload_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
chroot_local_user=YES
chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=NO
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
listen_ipv6=YES

pam_service_name=vsftpd
#userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES

listen_port=2121

userlist_deny=NO
userlist_enable=YES
userlist_file=/etc/vsftpd/user_list

pasv_enable=YES
pasv_min_port=10000
pasv_max_port=20000

allow_writeable_chroot=YES