Conflict with dependency 'com.android.support:support-annotations'问题解决

在Android Studio构建时，构建老是会莫名其妙的报错，报错信息如下：

Error:Execution failed for task ':app:preDebugAndroidTestBuild'.
> Conflict with dependency 'com.android.support:support-annotations' in project ':app'. Resolved versions for app (26.1.0) and test app (27.1.1) differ. See https://d.android.com/r/tools/test-apk-dependency-conflicts.html for details.

这个错误的大概意思是：我的名为app的module里，com.android.support:support-annotations这个依赖冲突了，app里的版本是26.1.0，但是Test app的版本里是27.1.1。

看一下我叫做app的module里的build.gradle

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 26
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "wzt.mytest"
        minSdkVersion 21
        targetSdkVersion 26
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.1.0'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
}

这么看来，问题是出在了

    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'

个人理解是这两个依赖里面都自带了com.android.support:support-annotations依赖，并且版本是27.1.1的，因此我们需要做的就是把这里面的27.1.1的com.android.support:support-annotations换成26.1.0的版本

因此把build.gradle文件修改如下

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

configurations.all {
    resolutionStrategy.force 'com.android.support:support-annotations:26.1.0'
}

android {
    compileSdkVersion 26
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "wzt.mytest"
        minSdkVersion 21
        targetSdkVersion 26
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.1.0'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
}

即新增了如下代码即可

configurations.all {
    resolutionStrategy.force 'com.android.support:support-annotations:26.1.0'
}

问题解决参考了下面的网址，不过其他的如exclude方法我自己试了没有效果

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33317555/conflict-with-dependency-com-android-supportsupport-annotations-resolved-ver