View 加载流程

ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity

        Instrumentation.newActivity

        Activity.attach

                初始化 PhoneWindow 实例

        Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate

                Activity.onCreate -> Activity.setContentView

                        PhoneWindow.setContentView -> PhoneWindow.installDecor

                                        PhoneWindow.generatorDecor : 生成 DecorView

                                        PhoneWindow.generatorLayout

// 根据不同的Style，生成对应的布局，content 对应为 mContentParent
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
    android:orientation="vertical">
    <ViewStub android:id="@+id/action_mode_bar_stub"
              android:inflatedId="@+id/action_mode_bar"
              android:layout="@layout/action_mode_bar"
              android:layout_width="match_parent"
              android:layout_height="wrap_content"
              android:theme="?attr/actionBarTheme" />
    <FrameLayout
         android:id="@android:id/content"
         android:layout_width="match_parent"
         android:layout_height="match_parent"
         android:foregroundInsidePadding="false"
         android:foregroundGravity="fill_horizontal|top"
         android:foreground="?android:attr/windowContentOverlay" />
</LinearLayout>

                                LayoutInflater.inflate(layoutResID, mContentParent)

ActivityThread.handleResumeActivity

        ActivityThread.performResumeActivity

                Activity.performResume

        WindowManagerImpl.addView

                WindowManagerGlobal.addView : 内部会保存 mViews、mRoots

ArrayList<View> mViews = new ArrayList();
ArrayList<ViewRootImpl> mRoots = new ArrayList();
ArrayList<WindowManager.LayoutParams> mParams = new ArrayList();

                        创建 ViewRootImpl，并调用 ViewRootImpl.addView

                                ViewRootImpl.requestLayout，触发 onAttachToWindow 并创建 Surface

                                ViewRootImpl.performTraversals

                                        performLayout、performMeasure、performDraw

                                DecorView 通过 assignParent 将自己的 Parent 设置为 ViewRootImpl

具体代码细节，请查看：https://www.jianshu.com/p/0a72779ba88b

面试题：为什么需要主线程更新UI，子线程不能更新UI？

首先，并非在子线程里面更新UI就一定有问题，如下所示的代码，则可以完美更新UI

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
        init();
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                tv_sport_mile.setText("测试界面更新");
            }
        }).start();
    }

但是，如果我们让线程等待2秒后再更新UI，则会发生报错，代码如下所示：

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
        init();
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(2000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                tv_sport_mile.setText("测试界面更新");
            }
        }).start();
    }

异常报错日志如下图所示：

 android.view.ViewRootImpl$CalledFromWrongThreadException: Only the original 
 thread that created a view hierarchy can touch its views.
        at android.view.ViewRootImpl.checkThread(ViewRootImpl.java:7021)
        at android.view.ViewRootImpl.requestLayout(ViewRootImpl.java:1047)

为什么在 onActivityCreated 方法里面可以实现子线程更新 UI，但是线程等待两秒后就异常呢？

我们首先看 ViewRootImpl 源码中的 requestLayout 和 checkThread 方法：

    @Override
    public void requestLayout() {
        if (!mHandlingLayoutInLayoutRequest) {
            checkThread();
            mLayoutRequested = true;
            scheduleTraversals();
        }
    }