HttpContext 类 作用

一直用着HttpContext 类，但对它一直没有详细的了解，今天心情不错正好研究下，MSDN的解释是封装有关个别 HTTP 请求的所有 HTTP 特定的信息.也有人叫上下文信息.

1.生存周期:从客户端用户点击并产生了一个向服务器发送请求开始---服务器处理完请求并生成返回到客户端为止. 注:针对每个不同用户的请求,服务器都会创建一个新的HttpContext实例直到请求结束,服务器销毁这个实例.

2.为什么会有HttpContext类呢:在ASP年代,大家都是通过在.asp页面的代码中使用Request,Respose,Server等等这些Http特定信息的.但在ASP.NET时代,这中方式已经无法满足应用,(比如我们要在IHttpModule中处理Request时,我们使用什么方法来获取呢?于是就产生了HttpContext类,它对Request,Respose,Server等等都进行了封装,并保证在整个请求周期内都可以随时随地的调用.) 

3.特殊性:当然HttpContext不仅仅只有这点功能.ASP.NET中它还提供了很多特殊的功能.例如Cache.还有HttpContext.Item,通过它你可以在HttpContext的生存周期内提前存储一些临时的数据,方便随时使用.具体的大家还是参考上面的MSDN提供内容.

实际作用：

    /// RequestHelper 的摘要说明。
    /// 请求类
    /// </summary>
    public class RequestHelper
    {
        public RequestHelper()
        {
            //
            // TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
            //
        }

        /** <summary>
        /// 判断当前页面是否接收到了Post请求
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>是否接收到了Post请求</returns>
        public static bool IsPost()
        {
            return HttpContext.Current.Request.HttpMethod.Equals("POST");
        }
        /** <summary>
        /// 判断当前页面是否接收到了Get请求
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>是否接收到了Get请求</returns>
        public static bool IsGet()
        {
            return HttpContext.Current.Request.HttpMethod.Equals("GET");
        }

        /** <summary>
        /// 返回指定的服务器变量信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strName">服务器变量名</param>
        /// <returns>服务器变量信息</returns>
        public static string GetServerString(string strName)
        {
            //
            if (HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables[strName] == null)
            {
                return "";
            }
            return HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables[strName].ToString();
        }

        /** <summary>
        /// 返回上一个页面的地址
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>上一个页面的地址</returns>
        public static string GetUrlReferrer()
        {
            string retVal = null;
    
            try
            {
                retVal = HttpContext.Current.Request.UrlReferrer.ToString();
            }
            catch{}
            
            if (retVal == null)
                return "";
    
            return retVal;

        }
        
        /** <summary>
        /// 得到当前完整主机头
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string GetCurrentFullHost()
        {
            HttpRequest request = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request;
            if (!request.Url.IsDefaultPort)
            {
                return string.Format("{0}:{1}", request.Url.Host, request.Url.Port.ToString());
            }
            return request.Url.Host;
        }

        /** <summary>
        /// 得到主机头
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string GetHost()
        {
            return HttpContext.Current.Request.Url.Host;
        }


        /** <summary>
        /// 获取当前请求的原始 URL(URL 中域信息之后的部分,包括查询字符串(如果存在))
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>原始 URL</returns>
        public static string GetRawUrl()
        {
            return HttpContext.Current.Request.RawUrl;
        }

        /** <summary>
        /// 判断当前访问是否来自浏览器软件
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>当前访问是否来自浏览器软件</returns>
        public static bool IsBrowserGet()
        {
            string[] BrowserName = {"ie", "opera", "netscape", "mozilla"};
            string curBrowser = HttpContext.Current.Request.Browser.Type.ToLower();
            for (int i = 0; i < BrowserName.Length; i++)
            {
                if (curBrowser.IndexOf(BrowserName[i]) >= 0)
                {
                    return true;
                }
            }
            return false;
        }

        /** <summary>
        /// 判断是否来自搜索引擎链接
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>是否来自搜索引擎链接</returns>
        public static bool IsSearchEnginesGet()
        {
            string[] SearchEngine = {"google", "yahoo", "msn", "baidu", "sogou", "sohu", "sina", "163", "lycos", "tom"};
            string tmpReferrer = HttpContext.Current.Request.UrlReferrer.ToString().ToLower();
            for (int i = 0; i < SearchEngine.Length; i++)
            {
                if (tmpReferrer.IndexOf(SearchEngine[i]) >= 0)
                {
                    return true;
                }
            }
            return false;
        }

        /** <summary>
        /// 获得当前完整Url地址
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>当前完整Url地址</returns>
        public static string GetUrl()
        {
            return HttpContext.Current.Request.Url.ToString();
        }
        

        /** <summary>
        /// 获得指定Url参数的值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strName">Url参数</param>
        /// <returns>Url参数的值</returns>
        public static string GetQueryString(string strName)
        {
            if (HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString[strName] == null)
            {
                return "";
            }
            return HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString[strName];
        }

        /** <summary>
        /// 获得当前页面的名称
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>当前页面的名称</returns>
        public static string GetPageName()
        {
            string [] urlArr = HttpContext.Current.Request.Url.AbsolutePath.Split('/');
            return urlArr[urlArr.Length - 1].ToLower();
        }

        /** <summary>
        /// 返回表单或Url参数的总个数
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static int GetParamCount()
        {
            return HttpContext.Current.Request.Form.Count + HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString.Count;
        }


        /** <summary>
        /// 获得指定表单参数的值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strName">表单参数</param>
        /// <returns>表单参数的值</returns>
        public static string GetFormString(string strName)
        {
            if (HttpContext.Current.Request.Form[strName] == null)
            {
                return "";
            }
            return HttpContext.Current.Request.Form[strName];
        }

        /** <summary>
        /// 获得Url或表单参数的值, 先判断Url参数是否为空字符串, 如为True则返回表单参数的值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strName">参数</param>
        /// <returns>Url或表单参数的值</returns>
        public static string GetString(string strName)
        {
            if ("".Equals(GetQueryString(strName)))
            {
                return GetFormString(strName);
            }
            else
            {
                return GetQueryString(strName);
            }
        }


        /** <summary>
        /// 获得指定Url参数的int类型值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strName">Url参数</param>
        /// <param name="defValue">缺省值</param>
        /// <returns>Url参数的int类型值</returns>
        public static int GetQueryInt(string strName, int defValue)
        {
            return Utils.StrToInt(HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString[strName], defValue);
        }


        /** <summary>
        /// 获得指定表单参数的int类型值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strName">表单参数</param>
        /// <param name="defValue">缺省值</param>
        /// <returns>表单参数的int类型值</returns>
        public static int GetFormInt(string strName, int defValue)
        {
            return Utils.StrToInt(HttpContext.Current.Request.Form[strName], defValue);
        }

        /** <summary>
        /// 获得指定Url或表单参数的int类型值, 先判断Url参数是否为缺省值, 如为True则返回表单参数的值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strName">Url或表单参数</param>
        /// <param name="defValue">缺省值</param>
        /// <returns>Url或表单参数的int类型值</returns>
        public static int GetInt(string strName, int defValue)
        {
            if (GetQueryInt(strName, defValue) == defValue)
            {
                return GetFormInt(strName, defValue);
            }
            else
            {
                return GetQueryInt(strName, defValue);
            }
        }

        /** <summary>
        /// 获得指定Url参数的float类型值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strName">Url参数</param>
        /// <param name="defValue">缺省值</param>
        /// <returns>Url参数的int类型值</returns>
        public static float GetQueryFloat(string strName, float defValue)
        {
            return Utils.StrToFloat(HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString[strName], defValue);
        }


        /** <summary>
        /// 获得指定表单参数的float类型值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strName">表单参数</param>
        /// <param name="defValue">缺省值</param>
        /// <returns>表单参数的float类型值</returns>
        public static float GetFormFloat(string strName, float defValue)
        {
            return Utils.StrToFloat(HttpContext.Current.Request.Form[strName], defValue);
        }
        
        /** <summary>
        /// 获得指定Url或表单参数的float类型值, 先判断Url参数是否为缺省值, 如为True则返回表单参数的值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strName">Url或表单参数</param>
        /// <param name="defValue">缺省值</param>
        /// <returns>Url或表单参数的int类型值</returns>
        public static float GetFloat(string strName, float defValue)
        {
            if (GetQueryFloat(strName, defValue) == defValue)
            {
                return GetFormFloat(strName, defValue);
            }
            else
            {
                return GetQueryFloat(strName, defValue);
            }
        }

        /** <summary>
        /// 获得当前页面客户端的IP
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>当前页面客户端的IP</returns>
        public static string GetIP()
        {


            string result = String.Empty;

            result = HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables["HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"];
            if (null == result || result == String.Empty)
            {
                result = HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables["REMOTE_ADDR"];
            }

            if (null == result || result == String.Empty)
            {
                result = HttpContext.Current.Request.UserHostAddress;
            }

            if (null == result || result == String.Empty)
            {
                return "0.0.0.0";
            }

            return result;

        }

        /** <summary>
        /// 保存用户上传的文件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">保存路径</param>
        public static void SaveRequestFile(string path)
        {
            if (HttpContext.Current.Request.Files.Count > 0)
            {
                HttpContext.Current.Request.Files[0].SaveAs(path);
            }
        }

        
    }