Seven Databases in Seven Weeks(七周七数据库)——PostgreSQL

Q1： 

新建table venues：

create table venues (
venue_id serial primary key,
name varchar(255),
street_address text,
type char(7) check (type in ('public','private')) default 'public',
postal_code varchar(9),
country_code char(2),
foreign key (country_code,postal_code) references cities(country_code,postal_code) match full
);

table cities 中已有记录:

select * from  cities;
   name   | postal_code | country_code 
----------+-------------+--------------
 portland | 87200       | us
 shenzhen | 518120      | cn

postal_code 和country_code为复合主键。

往venues中插入不合法记录：

insert into venues(name,postal_code,country_code) values('crystal ballroom','97205','us');
ERROR:  insert or update on table "venues" violates foreign key constraint "venues_country_code_fkey"
DETAIL:  Key (country_code, postal_code)=(us, 97205) is not present in table "cities".

再接着插入合法记录：

insert into venues(name,postal_code,country_code) values('crystal ballroom','87200','us');
INSERT 0 1

查询venues的记录：

select * from venues;
 venue_id |       name       | street_address |  type   | postal_code | country_code 
----------+------------------+----------------+---------+-------------+--------------
        2 | crystal ballroom |                | public  | 87200       | us
(1 row)

发现venue_id属性为2，得知插入不合法记录的时候venue_id也进行了递增。

为什么要这样设计？