Bag of words model (词袋模型)

   The bag-of-words model is a simplifying assumption used in natural language processing and information retrieval. In this model, a text (such as a sentence or a document) is represented as an unordered collection of words, disregarding grammar and even word order.

   词袋模型是在自然语言处理和信息检索中的一种简单假设。在这种模型中，文本（段落或者文档）被看作是无序的词汇集合，忽略语法甚至是单词的顺序。

   The bag-of-words model is used in some methods of document classification. When a Naive Bayes classifier is applied to text, for example, the conditional independence assumption leads to the bag-of-words model. [1] Other methods of document classification that use this model are latent Dirichlet allocation and latent semantic analysis.[2]

   词袋模型被用在文本分类的一些方法当中。当传统的贝叶斯分类被应用到文本当中时，贝叶斯中的条件独立性假设导致词袋模型。另外一些文本分类方法如LDA和LSA也使用了这个模型。

 
   Example: Spam filtering
   In Bayesian spam filtering, an e-mail message is modeled as an unordered collection of words selected from