redis安装及配置

redis官网下载地址,
1 redis单机版本安装
上传redis-3.0.7.tar.gz到application目录下

mkdir -p /application
cd /application
tar xzvf redis-3.0.7.tar.gz
cd redis-3.0.7 

make  MALLOC=jemalloc
make PREFIX=/application/redis-3.0.7 install
ln -s /application/redis-3.0.7/ /application/redis
cd ../redis
mkdir logs     创建日志目录
mkdir redisData 创建持久化数据目录
cd ..
rm -f redis-3.0.7.tar.gz

vi /etc/profile，添加以下redis的环境变量配置，并通过source /etc/profile生效。

export REDIS_HOME=/application/redis
export PATH=$PATH:$REDIS_HOME/bin

执行以下命令，对redis服务器进行启动、关闭操作

# redis启动
redis-server /application/redis/redis.conf &
# redis关闭
redis-cli  shutdown
redis-cli -p 6379 shutdown 也可以执行此命令
# 查看redis进程
ps -ef | grep redis

2 redis主从集群Sentinel模式

port 26379
daemonize yes
sentinel monitor mymaster 192.168.5.174 6379 2
sentinel down-after-milliseconds mymaster 60000
sentinel failover-timeout mymaster 180000
sentinel parallel-syncs mymaster 1

运行redis sentinel

redis-server /application/redis/sentinel.conf --sentinel 运行sentinel 
redis-cli -p 26379 sentinel masters 查看当前的master节点情况
redis-cli -p 26379 shutdown 停掉sentinel

3 redis.conf
3.2以后的版本会有变化

notify-keyspace-events Ex
logfile "/application/redis/logs/redis.log"
dir /application/redis/redisData
slaveof 192.168.5.174 6379 仅在slave节点增加此配置。

4 redis开机启动
更改redis.conf将redis改成守护进程,将daemonize调整为yes

daemonize yes

定义/etc/init.d/redis脚本,注意redis的目录

# chkconfig:   2345 90 10
# description:  redis is a persistent key-value database
###########################  
###########################  
PATH=/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin  
     
REDISPORT=6379  
EXEC=/application/redis/bin/redis-server  
REDIS_CLI=/application/redis/bin/redis-cli  
     
PIDFILE=/var/run/redis.pid  
CONF="/application/redis/redis.conf"  
case "$1" in  
    start)  
        if [ -f $PIDFILE ]  
        then  
                echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed"  
        else  
                echo "Starting Redis server..."  
                $EXEC $CONF  
        fi  
        if [ "$?"="0" ]   
        then  
              echo "Redis is running..."  
        fi  
        ;;  
    stop)  
        if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ]  
        then  
                echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running"  
        else  
                PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)  
                echo "Stopping ..."  
                $REDIS_CLI -p $REDISPORT SHUTDOWN  
                while [ -x ${PIDFILE} ]  
               do  
                    echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..."  
                    sleep 1  
                done  
                echo "Redis stopped"  
        fi  
        ;;  
   restart|force-reload)  
        ${0} stop  
        ${0} start  
        ;;  
  *)  
    echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/redis {start|stop|restart|force-reload}" >&2  
        exit 1  
esac  
############################## 

更改权限chmod 755 redis
执行启动测试，

service redis start   #或者 /etc/init.d/redis start  
service redis stop   #或者 /etc/init.d/redis stop  

设置开机启动

5 过程遇到的问题

5.1 syntax error near unexpected token newline
如果出现syntax error near unexpected token newline’的异常,则执行命令 dos2unix /etc/init.d/redis，将回车换行改成linux的$,可以通过cat -A /etc/init.d/redis核实是否修正完毕,详细解决办法参照[关于报错“syntax error near unexpected token ”和回车换行](http://blog.csdn.net/windless0530/article/details/6077654)
5.2 /var/run/redis.pid exists, process is already running or crashed
执行命令rm -rf /var/run/redis.pid，将之前的删掉，原因是之前的redis通过其他的方式正在运行，采用新的方式redis就没法启动了。
5.3 service redis does not support chkconfig
必须把下面两行注释放在/etc/init.d/redis文件靠前的注释中：

# chkconfig:   2345 90 10
# description:  redis is a persistent key-value database

详细可以参考 service redis does not support chkconfig的解决办法

6 redis配置密钥
redis不需要访问密码，则任何应用都可以接入

user default on nopass sanitize-payload ~* &* +@all

但是设置了requirepass也有问题，因为

# 产生hash值
[root@es2 ~]# echo -n "12345678" | sha256sum
ef797c8118f02dfb649607dd5d3f8c7623048c9c063d532cc95c5ed7a898a64f  -
# 在redis.conf中配置
user default on sanitize-payload #ef797c8118f02dfb649607dd5d3f8c7623048c9c063d532cc95c5ed7a898a64f   ~* &* +@all