谢谢参考:https://blog.csdn.net/CNZYYH/article/details/85696674
一般来说,消息队列有两种场景,一种是发布者订阅者模式,一种是生产者消费者模式。利用redis这两种场景的消息队列都能够实现。
定义:
- 生产者消费者模式 :生产者生产消息放到队列里,多个消费者同时监听队列,谁先抢到消息谁就会从队列中取走消息;即对于每个消息只能被最多一个消费者拥有。
- 发布者订阅者模式:发布者生产消息放到队列里,多个监听队列的消费者都会收到同一份消息;即正常情况下每个消费者收到的消息应该都是一样的。
Redis不仅可作为缓存服务器,还可用作消息队列。它的列表类型天生支持用作消息队列。如下图所示:
由于Redis的列表是使用双向链表实现的,保存了头尾节点,所以在列表头尾两边插取元素都是非常快的。
在Redis中,List类型是按照插入顺序排序的字符串链表。和数据结构中的普通链表一样,我们可以在其头部(left)和尾部(right)添加新的元素。在插入时,如果该键并不存在,Redis将为该键创建一个新的链表。与此相反,如果链表中所有的元素均被移除,那么该键也将会被从数据库中删除。List中可以包含的最大元素数量是4294967295。
从元素插入和删除的效率视角来看,如果我们是在链表的两头插入或删除元素,这将会是非常高效的操作,即使链表中已经存储了百万条记录,该操作也可以在常量时间内完成。然而需要说明的是,如果元素插入或删除操作是作用于链表中间,那将会是非常低效的。相信对于有良好数据结构基础的开发者而言,这一点并不难理解。
Redis List的主要操作为lpush/lpop/rpush/rpop四种,分别代表从头部和尾部的push/pop,除此之外List还提供了两种pop操作的阻塞版本blpop/brpop,用于阻塞获取一个对象。
Redis通常都被用做一个处理各种后台工作或消息任务的消息服务器。 一个简单的队列模式就是:生产者把消息放入一个列表中,等待消息的消费者用 RPOP 命令(用轮询方式), 或者用 BRPOP 命令(如果客户端使用阻塞操作会更好)来得到这个消息。
以下列举SpringBoot集成redis的JedisCluster和RedisTemplate
引入依赖到pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
<artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
</dependency>
application.yml增加redis集群配置
spring:
redis:
password:
clusters: 10.10.1.238:7000,10.10.1.238:7001,10.10.1.238:7002,10.10.1.238:7003,10.10.1.238:7004,10.10.1.238:7005
RedisConfig配置
package com.jzlife.servantapplet.config;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachingConfigurerSupport;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.KeyGenerator;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheWriter;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisClusterConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisNode;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializationContext;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisCluster;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.time.Duration;
@Configuration
//必须加,使配置生效
@EnableCaching
public class RedisConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport {
private static final Logger lg = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RedisConfig.class);
/**redis密码**/
@Value("${spring.redis.password}")
public String password;
@Value("${spring.redis.clusters}")
public String cluster;
@Bean
public KeyGenerator keyGenerator() {
return (target, method, params) -> {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(target.getClass().getName());
sb.append(method.getName());
for (Object obj : params) {
sb.append(obj.toString());
}
lg.info("自动生成Redis Key -> [{}]", sb.toString());
return sb.toString();
};
}
/**
* @Description: 使用@Cacheable注解的时候会将返回的对象缓存起来,默认缓存的值是二进制的,
* 为此我们自定义序列化配置,改成JSON格式的
*/
@Bean
public RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) {
RedisCacheWriter redisCacheWriter = RedisCacheWriter.nonLockingRedisCacheWriter(redisTemplate.getConnectionFactory());
RedisCacheConfiguration redisCacheConfiguration = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig()
.entryTtl(Duration.ofHours(1))// 设置缓存有效期一小时
.serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(redisTemplate.getValueSerializer()));
return new RedisCacheManager(redisCacheWriter, redisCacheConfiguration);
}
@Bean(name="redistemp")
public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(JedisConnectionFactory jedisConnectionFactory ) {
//设置序列化
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om);
// 配置redisTemplate
RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<String, Object>();
redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(jedisConnectionFactory);
RedisSerializer stringSerializer = new StringRedisSerializer();
redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(stringSerializer); // key序列化
redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); // value序列化
redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(stringSerializer); // Hash key序列化
redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); // Hash value序列化
redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet();
return redisTemplate;
}
public Object getFieldValueByObject (Object object , String targetFieldName) throws Exception {
// 获取该对象的Class
Class objClass = object.getClass();
// 获取所有的属性数组
Field[] fields = objClass.getDeclaredFields();
for (Field field:fields) {
// 属性名称
field.setAccessible(true);
String currentFieldName = field.getName();
if(currentFieldName.equals(targetFieldName)){
return field.get(object); // 通过反射拿到该属性在此对象中的值(也可能是个对象)
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* 通过反射获取JedisCluster
* @param factory
* @return
*/
@Bean
public JedisCluster redisCluster(RedisConnectionFactory factory){
Object object =null;
try {
object= getFieldValueByObject(factory,"cluster");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return (JedisCluster)object;
}
@Bean(name="factory")
public RedisConnectionFactory factory(RedisClusterConfiguration clusterConfig){
JedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory=new JedisConnectionFactory(clusterConfig);
String redisPassword = password;
redisConnectionFactory.setPassword(redisPassword);
redisConnectionFactory.setPoolConfig(createJedisPoolConfig());
redisConnectionFactory.setTimeout(30000);
redisConnectionFactory.setUsePool(true);
return redisConnectionFactory;
}
@Bean(name="clusterConfig")
public RedisClusterConfiguration clusterConfig(){
RedisClusterConfiguration config = new RedisClusterConfiguration();
String[] nodes = cluster.split(",");
lg.info("redis--clusterConfig---"+cluster);
for(String node : nodes){
String[] host = node.split(":");
RedisNode redis = new RedisNode(host[0], Integer.parseInt(host[1]));
config.addClusterNode(redis);
}
return config;
}
public JedisPoolConfig createJedisPoolConfig(){
JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig();
//连接耗尽时是否阻塞, false报异常,ture阻塞直到超时, 默认true
config.setBlockWhenExhausted(false);
//设置的逐出策略类名, 默认DefaultEvictionPolicy(当连接超过最大空闲时间,或连接数超过最大空闲连接数)
config.setEvictionPolicyClassName("org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.DefaultEvictionPolicy");
//是否启用pool的jmx管理功能, 默认true
config.setJmxEnabled(true);
//MBean ObjectName = new ObjectName("org.apache.commons.pool2:type=GenericObjectPool,name=" + "pool" + i); 默 认为"pool", JMX不熟,具体不知道是干啥的...默认就好.
config.setJmxNamePrefix("pool");
//是否启用后进先出, 默认true
config.setLifo(true);
//最大空闲连接数, 默认8个
config.setMaxIdle(20);//2000
//最大连接数, 默认8个
config.setMaxTotal(5000);
//获取连接时的最大等待毫秒数(如果设置为阻塞时BlockWhenExhausted),如果超时就抛异常, 小于零:阻塞不确定的时间, 默认-1
config.setMaxWaitMillis(10000);
//逐出连接的最小空闲时间 默认1800000毫秒(30分钟)
config.setMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis(180000);//3分钟
//最小空闲连接数, 默认0
config.setMinIdle(0);
//每次逐出检查时 逐出的最大数目 如果为负数就是 : 1/abs(n), 默认3
config.setNumTestsPerEvictionRun(3);
//对象空闲多久后逐出, 当空闲时间>该值 且 空闲连接>最大空闲数 时直接逐出,不再根据MinEvictableIdleTimeMillis判断 (默认逐出策略)
config.setSoftMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis(1800000);
//在获取连接的时候检查有效性, 默认false
config.setTestOnBorrow(false);
//在空闲时检查有效性, 默认false
config.setTestWhileIdle(false);
//逐出扫描的时间间隔(毫秒) 如果为负数,则不运行逐出线程, 默认-1
config.setTimeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis(-1);
return config;
}
}
RedisService.java辅助类
package com.example.myframe.redis.service;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@Service("myRedisService")
public class RedisService {
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
/**
* 写入缓存
* @param key
* @param value
* @return
*/
public boolean set(final String key, Object value) {
boolean result = false;
try {
ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
operations.set(key, value);
result = true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
/**
* 写入缓存设置时效时间
* @param key
* @param value
* @return
*/
public boolean set(final String key, Object value, Long expireTime) {
boolean result = false;
try {
ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
operations.set(key, value);
redisTemplate.expire(key, expireTime, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
result = true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
/**
* 批量删除对应的value
* @param keys
*/
public void remove(final String... keys) {
for (String key : keys) {
remove(key);
}
}
/**
* 批量删除key
* @param pattern
*/
public void removePattern(final String pattern) {
Set<Serializable> keys = redisTemplate.keys(pattern);
if (keys.size() > 0){
redisTemplate.delete(keys);
}
}
/**
* 删除对应的value
* @param key
*/
public void remove(final String key) {
if (exists(key)) {
redisTemplate.delete(key);
}
}
/**
* 判断缓存中是否有对应的value
* @param key
* @return
*/
public boolean exists(final String key) {
return redisTemplate.hasKey(key);
}
/**
* 读取缓存
* @param key
* @return
*/
public Object get(final String key) {
Object result = null;
ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
result = operations.get(key);
return result;
}
/**
* 哈希 添加
* @param key
* @param hashKey
* @param value
*/
public void hmSet(String key, Object hashKey, Object value){
HashOperations<String, Object, Object> hash = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
hash.put(key,hashKey,value);
}
/**
* 哈希 获取哈希的key集合
* @param key
* @return
*/
public Set<Object> hmKeys(String key){
HashOperations<String, Object, Object> hash = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
return hash.keys(key);
}
/**
* 哈希 删除哈希的key
* @param key
* @param hashKey
*/
public void hmDelete(String key,String hashKey){
HashOperations<String, Object, Object> hash = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
hash.delete(key, hashKey);
}
/**
* 哈希获取数据
* @param key
* @param hashKey
* @return
*/
public Object hmGet(String key, Object hashKey){
HashOperations<String, Object, Object> hash = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
return hash.get(key,hashKey);
}
/**
* 获取所有key值
* @param key
* @return
*/
public Set<Object> hmKeySet(String key){
HashOperations<String, Object, Object> hash = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
return hash.keys(key);
}
/**
* 获取所有key值
* @param key
* @return
*/
public void hmRemove(String key, Object hashKey){
HashOperations<String, Object, Object> hash = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
hash.delete(key, hashKey);
}
/**
* 列表添加
* @param k
* @param v
*/
public void lPush(String k,Object v){
ListOperations<String, Object> list = redisTemplate.opsForList();
list.rightPush(k,v);
}
/**
* 列表获取
* @param k
* @param l
* @param l1
* @return
*/
public List<Object> lRange(String k, long l, long l1){
ListOperations<String, Object> list = redisTemplate.opsForList();
return list.range(k,l,l1);
}
/**
* 集合添加
* @param key
* @param value
*/
public void add(String key,Object value){
SetOperations<String, Object> set = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
set.add(key,value);
}
/**
* 集合获取
* @param key
* @return
*/
public Set<Object> setMembers(String key){
SetOperations<String, Object> set = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
return set.members(key);
}
/**
* 集合长度
* @param key
* @return
*/
public Long setSize(String key){
SetOperations<String, Object> set = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
return set.size(key);
}
/**
* 集合获取
* @param key
* @param count
* @return
*/
public Set<Object> setMembers(String key, int count){
SetOperations<String, Object> set = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
return set.distinctRandomMembers(key, count);
}
/**
* 删除集合数据
* @param key
* @param value
*/
public void remove(String key, Object value){
SetOperations<String, Object> set = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
set.remove(key, value);
}
/**
* 有序集合添加
* @param key
* @param value
* @param scoure
*/
public void zAdd(String key,Object value,double scoure){
ZSetOperations<String, Object> zset = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
zset.add(key,value,scoure);
}
/**
* 有序集合获取
* @param key
* @param scoure
* @param scoure1
* @return
*/
public Set<Object> rangeByScore(String key,double scoure,double scoure1){
ZSetOperations<String, Object> zset = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
return zset.rangeByScore(key, scoure, scoure1);
}
/**
* 消息队列实现
* @param channel
* @param message
*/
public void convertAndSend(String channel, Object message){
redisTemplate.convertAndSend(channel, message);
}
/**
* 数列添加
* @param key
* @param value
*/
public void addList(String key,Object value){
ListOperations<String, Object> list = redisTemplate.opsForList();
list.rightPush(key, value);
}
/**
* 数列获取
* @param key
* @return
*/
public List<Object> getList(String key){
ListOperations<String, Object> list = redisTemplate.opsForList();
return list.range(key, 0, list.size(key));
}
/**
* 左弹出数列
* @param key
* @return
*/
public Object popList(String key) {
ListOperations<String, Object> list = redisTemplate.opsForList();
return list.leftPop(key);
}
public Long increment(String k, Long l) {
return redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(k, l);
}
}
TestRedisController.java
package com.example.myframe.redis;
import com.example.myframe.redis.service.RedisService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisCluster;
import java.util.List;
@Component
public class RedisUtil {
@Autowired
JedisCluster jedisCluster;
@Autowired
private RedisService redisService;
/**
* 生产者
*/
public void dealShengChangZhe() {
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
jedisCluster.rpush("ceshi", "value1_" + i);
}
}
/**
* 消费者
*/
public void dealXiaoFeiZhe() {
while (true) {
//阻塞式brpop,List中无数据时阻塞,参数0表示一直阻塞下去,直到List出现数据
List<String> listingList = jedisCluster.blpop(0, "ceshi");
System.out.println("线程取数据:{}" + listingList.get(1));
}
}
/**
* 发布订阅模式
*/
public void dealFaBuDingYue() {
redisService.convertAndSend("dealFaBuDingYue", "我是来发布信息的");
}
}
redis消息队列监听信息
package com.example.myframe.redis.msg;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.listener.PatternTopic;
import org.springframework.data.redis.listener.RedisMessageListenerContainer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter;
@Configuration
public class RedisMsgListener {
@Autowired
Receiver receiver;
/**
* redis消息队列监听信息
*
* @param connectionFactory
* @param listenerAdapter
* @return
*/
@Bean
RedisMessageListenerContainer container(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter) {
RedisMessageListenerContainer container = new RedisMessageListenerContainer();
container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
container.addMessageListener(listenerAdapter, new PatternTopic("dealFaBuDingYue"));
return container;
}
/**
* 监听方法
*
* @return
*/
@Bean(name = "listenerAdapter")
MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter() {
// 回调数据处理方法
return new MessageListenerAdapter(receiver, "dealJt");
}
}
package com.example.myframe.redis.msg;
import com.example.myframe.redis.service.RedisService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service("receiver")
public class Receiver{
@Autowired
private RedisService redisService;
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate redisTemplate;
/**
* 清除外部广告位本地缓存
* @param message
*/
public void dealJt(String message){
System.out.println("我是用来监听信息的");
System.out.println(message);
}
/**
* 清除外部广告位本地缓存
* @param message
*/
public void dealJt1(String message){
System.out.println("我是用来监听信息的1");
System.out.println(message);
}
}