fabric学习笔记

参考：http://docs.fabfile.org

 

1.remote shell commands

fab [options] -- [shell command]

fab -H system1,system2,system3 -- uname -a

实例：

fab -H localhost -- uname -a

或者写ip

fab -H 192.168.241.100-- uname -a

输出：

[192.168.241.100] Executing task '<remainder>'
[192.168.241.100] run: uname -a
[192.168.241.100] out: Linux ubuntuDell 3.2.0-32-generic #51-Ubuntu SMP Wed Sep 26 21:33:09 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Done.
Disconnecting from 192.168.241.100... done

 

2.文件的形式

文件名

默认fabfile.py，如果要修改为其他文件名，命令需要加入参数-f filename.py

from fabric.api import run,env
env.hosts = ['192.168.241.102']
env.user = 'yongyou'
env.password = 'yongyou'
def host_type():
    run('uname -s')

 

保存文件

执行命令：fab  host_type

输出：

[192.168.241.102] Executing task 'host_type'
[192.168.241.102] run: uname -s
[192.168.241.102] out: Linux

Done.
Disconnecting from 192.168.241.102... done.

连接不上服务器会提示：

[192.168.241.101] Executing task 'host_type'
[192.168.241.101] run: uname -s

Fatal error: Low level socket error connecting to host 192.168.241.101: No route to host

Aborting.

 

文件中如果把主机，用户名，密码三行去掉。执行fab host_type

的时候提示让输入主机信息，密码，（密码还不知道如何输入正确）

root@ubuntuDell:/home/wsl# fab host_type
No hosts found. Please specify (single) host string for connection: 192.168.241.100
[192.168.241.100] run: uname -s
[192.168.241.100] Login password:
[192.168.241.100] Login password:
[192.168.241.100] Login password:
[192.168.241.100] Login password:
[192.168.241.100] Login password:

 

或者执行fab -H 192.168.241.100 host_type

提示输入密码，和上述一样

可以用下面的命令，用户名和密码要正确，否则一直提示login password。密码输错了重新输入即可，用户名输入错了，一直提示login password，还没找到解决办法

 fab -H 192.168.241.100  -u yongyou -p yongyou host_type
提示：

[192.168.241.100] Executing task 'host_type'
[192.168.241.100] run: uname -s
[192.168.241.100] out: Linux

Done.
Disconnecting from 192.168.241.100... done.

 

多台机器操作的情况：

fab -H 192.168.241.100,192.168.241.102  -u yongyou -p yongyou host_type
[192.168.241.100] Executing task 'host_type'
[192.168.241.100] run: uname -s
[192.168.241.100] out: Linux

[192.168.241.102] Executing task 'host_type'
[192.168.241.102] run: uname -s
[192.168.241.102] out: Linux

Done.
Disconnecting from 192.168.241.102... done.
Disconnecting from 192.168.241.100... done.

 

 

 实例：

1.fab1.py

from fabric.api import run, env

env.hosts = ['host1', 'host2']

env.user = 'yongyou'

env.password = 'yongyou'

def taskA():

    run('ls')

def taskB():

    run('whoami')

 

 执行：

fab -f fab1.py taskA taskB

在fab1.py 的taskB中加入下面一句话，两种形式，可以看到环境变量是如何应用的。

print("Executing on %s as %s" % (env.host, env.user))

print("Executing on %(host)s as %(user)s" % env)

 

 

可以使用的包：

from fabric.api import abort, cd, env, get, hide, hosts, local, prompt,     put, require, roles, run, runs_once, settings, show, sudo, warn