多线程调用类的静态方法

调用类的静态方法,不涉及到全局变量时

import java.util.HashMap;

public class SheepThread implements Runnable {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Mower.mow();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        HashMap<Integer,String> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put(0,"喜羊羊");
        map.put(1,"懒羊羊");
        map.put(2,"沸羊羊");
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            Thread thread = new Thread(new SheepThread());
            thread.setName(map.get(i%3)+i);
            thread.start();
        }
    }
}

public class Mower {
    public static int i = 0;
    public static void mow() {
        int sum = 0;
        System.out.println("************** 当前线程"+ Thread.currentThread());
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            System.out.print("小羊收获 " + i + " 斤草. ");
            sum += i;
        }
        if (sum != 45) {
            System.out.println("Thread error!");
            System.exit(0);
        }
        System.out.println("************** "+ Thread.currentThread() + "收集了" + sum +"斤青草");
    }
}

运行结果

实际执行的结果显示各个线程对静态方法的访问是交叉执行的，但是这并不影响各个线程静态方法中小羊对青草收集总和的统计。

调用类的静态方法,涉及到全局变量时

import java.util.HashMap;

public class SheepThread implements Runnable {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
//        Mower.mow();
        try {
            Mower.calGrassCake();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        HashMap<Integer,String> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put(0,"喜羊羊");
        map.put(1,"懒羊羊");
        map.put(2,"沸羊羊");
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            Thread thread = new Thread(new SheepThread());
            thread.setName(map.get(i%3)+i);
            thread.start();
        }
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        System.out.println("************** 慢羊羊统计一共要"+Mower.i+"个青草蛋糕");
    }
}

public class Mower {
    public static int i = 0;

    //统计小羊要吃的青草蛋糕
    public static void calGrassCake() throws InterruptedException {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread() +" 要一个蛋糕");
        Thread.sleep(1);
        i++;
        System.out.println("小计：一共要"+i+"个青草蛋糕");
    }
}

运行结果

不正确

修改

对Mower类的calGrassCake()方法加锁

//统计小羊要吃的青草蛋糕
    public synchronized static void calGrassCake() throws InterruptedException {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread() +" 要一个蛋糕");
        Thread.sleep(1);
        i++;
        System.out.println("小计：一共要"+i+"个青草蛋糕");
    }

结果

结果正确。

总结

静态方法是否引起线程安全问题主要看该静态方法是否对全局变量（静态变量static member）进行修改操作。