网上看了很多jsp实现验证码的例子
大多数实现思路是:
1.在一个java(继承了HttpServlet)类 里面生成验证码,把验证码放到session里(验证用户输入的验证码是否正确时取出)
2.根据生成的验证码画出一个有干扰线或干扰点的图片
3.在WEB-INF/web.xml中配置 servlet
4.在jsp页面调用配置好的servlet,一般是通过<img src="servlet名" id="code"/>调用
5.验证的时候提交数据,在本页面或另外一个servlet或者另外一个页面取出 session里存放的验证码,来验证用户的输入
这样做的话,用户就会因为验证码输入错误 而重新输入大量的 需要提交的 注册信息或其他信息,效率不高,不适用
不这样的话,加载jsp页面时 提前取session里的验证码放到页面
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jsp:String code=(String)session.getAttribute("code");
html:<input type="hide" value="<%=code%>" id="scode">:方便通过js验证
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却不可行,第一次执行时取出的cde==null,和我们预期的不一样,更不用说验证了
经过n次baidu,google得知应该是因为加载jsp页面要比加载session快一些
那怎么办………………………………
怎么办………………
怎么办………
怎么办…
怎么办?
又经过多次搜索,思考,实践,终于想出了个好办法
1.在jsp页面用js生成验证码并保存在变量中,验证码作为参数传到java(继承了HttpServlet)类
2.根据jsp页面中传过来的验证码画出一个有干扰线或干扰点的图片
3.在WEB-INF/web.xml中配置 servlet
4.在jsp页面调用配置好的servlet,一般是通过<img src="servlet名" id="code"/>调用
5.提交数据之前验证
<form οnsubmit="return validate();"……/>
局部刷新验证码:<a href="#" οnclick="javascript:show();return false;">看不清,换一张!</a>-----return false;很重要啊
不多说了,代码示意如下,希望能对和我一样遇到过这方面问题的有所帮助
java类 CodeServlet
- package com.zou.servlet;
- import java.awt.Color;
- import java.awt.Font;
- import java.awt.Graphics;
- import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.util.Random;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- //import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
- import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGCodec;
- import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGImageEncoder;
- @SuppressWarnings("serial")
- public class CodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
- /**
- * 产生验证码图片
- */
- public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws ServletException, IOException {
- response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
- response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
- response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
- response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0L);
- //HttpSession session = request.getSession(true);
- int width = 80;
- int height = 30;
- BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, 1);
- Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
- Random random = new Random();
- g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
- g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
- g.setFont(new Font("Arial", 0, 25));
- g.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
- for (int i = 0; i < 155; i++) {
- int x = random.nextInt(width + 100);
- int y = random.nextInt(height + 100);
- int xl = random.nextInt(10);
- int yl = random.nextInt(12);
- g.drawOval(x, y, x + xl, y + yl);
- }
- String code = request.getParameter("code");
- //System.out.println(code);
- String sRand=code;
- for (int i = 0; i < sRand.length(); i++) {
- //String rand = getRandChar(random.nextInt(36));
- String rand = sRand.substring(i, i+1);
- //sRand = sRand + rand;
- g.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random
- .nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110)));
- g.drawString(rand, 14 * i + 5, 25);
- }
- //session.setAttribute("rand", sRand);
- //request.setAttribute("rand", sRand);
- g.dispose();
- javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream imageOut = response.getOutputStream();
- JPEGImageEncoder encoder = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(imageOut);
- encoder.encode(image);
- }
- private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
- Random random = new Random();
- if (fc > 255)
- fc = 255;
- if (bc > 255)
- bc = 255;
- int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
- int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
- int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
- return new Color(r, g, b);
- }
- /* private String getRandChar(int randNumber) {
- return CHARARRAY[randNumber];
- }*/
- //private static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "image/jpeg";
- /* private static final String CHARARRAY[] = { "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5",
- "6", "7", "8", "9", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i",
- "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s", "t", "u", "v",
- "w", "x", "y", "z" };*/
- }
web.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app version="2.5"
- xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
- http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>code</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>com.zou.servlet.CodeServlet</servlet-class>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>code</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/codeServlet</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- </web-app>
index.jsp
- <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
- <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>验证码测试</title>
- <mce:script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"><!--
- var code ; //在全局 定义验证码
- function createCode()
- {
- code = "";
- var codeLength = 5;//验证码的长度
- //所有候选组成验证码的字符,可以用中文
- var selectChar = new Array(0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,'A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','I','J','K','L','M','N','O','P','Q','R','S','T','U','V','W','X','Y','Z','a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','m','n','o','p','q','r','s','t','u','v','w','x','y','z');
- for(var i=0;i<codeLength;i++)
- {
- var charIndex = Math.floor(Math.random()*60);
- code +=selectChar[charIndex];
- }
- return code;
- }
- function validate ()
- {
- var inputCode = document.getElementById("vcode").value.toLowerCase();
- if(inputCode.length <=0)
- {
- alert("请输入验证码!");
- return false;
- }
- else if(inputCode != code.toLowerCase())
- {
- alert("验证码输入错误!");
- show();//刷新验证码
- return false;
- }
- else
- {
- alert("^-^ OK");
- return true;
- }
- }
- function show(){
- //显示验证码
- document.getElementById("code").src="codeServlet?code="+createCode();
- }
- window.onload = function() {//document.οnlοad=show();
- show();//页面加载时加载验证码
- //这时无论在ie还是在firefox中,js没有加载完,页面的东西是不会被执行的;
- }
- // --></mce:script>
- </head>
- <body>
- <form οnsubmit="return validate();" action="" method="post">
- <h3>jsp+js+servlet实现验证码</h3><br/>
- 用户名:<input type="text" name=""/><br/>
- 请输入验证码:
- <input type="text" id="vcode" style="width: 60;" maxLength="5" />
- <img src="" id="code"/>
- <a href="#" mce_href="#"
- οnclick="javascript:show();return false;">看不清,换一张!</a>
- <br/>
- <input type="submit"/>
- </form>
- </body>
- </html>