Java Basic Knowledage

1. Flow of Control

if - else statements.

 

//Syntax
if(Boolean_expression)
    YES_Statement
else
    No_Statement

Mutiway if-else statement

//Syntax
if(Boolean_expression1)
    Statement_1
else if(boolean_expression2)
     Statement_2
else if(boolean_expression3)
     Statement_3
....
else
     Statement_FOR_ALL_Other_Possibilities

    switch statement

//Syntax
switch(Controlling_Expression)
{
    case Case_label_1:
            Statement1
            break;
    case Case_label_2:
            Statement2
            break;
     ....
    case  Case_labeln:
             statementn
            break;
     default:
             default_statementn
            break;
}

The Methods equals and equalsIgnoreCase

When testing strings for equality,  do not use ==, Instead, use either equals or equalsIgnoreCase.

//Syntax
String.equals(Other_strings);
String.equalsIgnoreCase(Other_String);

Since all strings does not test to see whether the strings are equal. Instead, it tests whether two strings refer to the same object.

So, to test two strings to  see if they have equal values, we should use the method equals rather than ==.

2. Loops

while Statement and do-while Statement

//a while Statement 
while(Boolean_expression)
{
     Statement(s)
}

//A do-while statement
do{
    Statement(s)
}while(Boolean_Expression);

The for Statement

//Syntax
for(Initialization; Boolean_expresssion; Update){
      Body
}