apache

apache的安装

yum insatll httpd -y                                                  ##安装apache

systemctl start httpd                                                 ##开启httpd
systemctl enable httpd
systemctl stop firewalld                                              ##关闭防火墙
systemctl disable firewalld

apache的信息

1.apache的默认发布文件

index.html

2.apache的配置文件
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
/etc/httpd/conf/*.conf

3.apache的默认发布目录
/var/www/html

4.apache的默认端口
80

apache的基本配置

1.修改默认发布文件
vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

164 DirectoryIndex westos.html

systemctl restart httpd
2.修改默认发布目录
    ##当selinux是disable状态
vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
120 DocumentRoot "/westos/www/test"
<Directory "/westos/www/test">
    Require all granted
</Directory>
systemctl restart httpd

   ##当selinux是Enforcing状态
vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
120 DocumentRoot "/westos/www/test"
<Directory "/westos/www/test">
    Require all granted
</Directory>
systemctl restart httpd

semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t '/westos(/.*)?'
restorecon -RvvF /westos

3.apache的访问控制
##设定ip的访问
vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
<Directory "/var/www/html/admin">                                    ##允许所有人访问admin目录但是拒绝250主机
    Order Allow,Deny
    Allow from All
    Deny from 172.25.254.250
</Directory>

<Directory "/var/www/html/admin">                                    ##只允许250主机访问admin目录
    Order Deny,Allow
    Allow from 172.25.254.250
    Deny from All
</Directory>

##设定用户的访问
htpasswd -m /etc/httpd/accessuser admin
vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
<Directory "/var/www/html/admin">
    AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/accessuser                            ##用户认证文件
    AuthName "Please input your name and password!"               ##用户认证提示信息
    AuthType basic                                                ##认证类型
    Require valid-user                                            ##认证用户，认证文件中所有用户都可以访问
    [Require user admin]                                          ##只允许认证文件中admin用户访问
</Directory>     

apache的虚拟主机

1.定义
可以让我们的一台apache服务器在被访问不同域名时显示不同的主页
2.建立测试页
mkdir virtual/money.westos.com/html -p
mkdir virtual/news.westos.com/html -p
echo "money.westos.com's page" >virtual/money.westos.com/html/index.html
echo "news.westos.com's page" >virtual/news.westos.com/html/index.html

3.配置
vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/default.conf
<Virtualhost    _default_:80>                                         ##虚拟主机开启的端口
    DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"                                  ##虚拟主机的默认发布目录
    CustomLog "logs/default.log" combined                         ##虚拟主机日志
</Virtualhost>

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/news.conf                                       ##指定域名news.westos.com的访问到默认发布目录中
<Virtualhost *：80>
    ServerName "news.westos.com"
    DocumentRoot "/var/www/virtual/news.westos.com/html"
    CustomLog "logs/news.log" combined
</Virtualhost>
<Directory "/var/www/virtual/news.westos.com/html">                    ##默认发布目录的访问权限
    Require all granted
</Directory>

4.测试
在浏览器所在主机中
vim /etc/hosts                                                        ##做本地解析
172.25.254.100           www.westos.com.news.westos.com

https

1.https的定义

Hyper text transfer protocol over Secure socker layer
通过ssl

2.配置
yum install mod_ssl -y                                                 ##安装

yum insatll crpto-utils -y

genkey www.westos.com

/etc/pki/tls/private/www.westos.com.key
/etc/pki/tls/certs/www.westos.com.crt

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/login.conf

<Virtualhost *:443>
    ServerName "login.westos.com"
    DocumentRoot "/var/www/virtual/login.westos.com/html"
    Customlog "logs/login.log" combined
    SSLEngine on
    SSLCertficateFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/www.westos.com.crt
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/pki/tls/private/www.westos.com.key
</Virtualhost>
<Directory "/var/www/virtual/login.westos.com/html">
    Require all granted
</Directory>
<Virtualhost *:80>
    ServerName login.westos.com
    RewriteEngine on
    RewriteRule ^(/.*)$ https://%{HTTP_HOST}$1 [redirect=301]

</Virtualhost>

^(/.*)$ https://%{HTTP_HOST}$1 [redirect=301]

^(/.*)$                ##客户主机在地址栏中写入的所有字符
https://               ##定向成为的访问协议
%{HTTP_HOST}           ##客户请求主机
$1                     ##$1的值就表示^(/.*)的值
[redirect=301]         ##临时重定向，302表示永久重定向

mkdir /var/www/virtual/login.westos.com/html -p
vim /var/www/virtual/login.westos.com/html/index.html

systemctl restart httpd

测试：

在本地解析

在客户主机中添加解析

172.25.254.100   login.westos.com

访问http://login.westos.com 会自动跳到
https://login.westos.com  实现网页数据加密传输

html语言默认支持

php语言
yum install php -y                                                    ##安装php

systemctl restart httpd                                               ##重启网络

cgi语言
mkdir /vae/www/html/cgi
vim index.cgi
#!/usr/bin/per1
print "Contentp-type: text/html\n\n";
print `date`;

vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
<Directory "/var/www/html/cgi">
    Options +ExecCGI
    AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
</Directory>
systemctl restart httpd