codeforces 803F Coprime Subsequences （容斥原理）

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wchhlbt

最新推荐文章于 2021-02-25 17:26:35 发布

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分类专栏： codeforces 数学文章标签： ACM codeforces Math 容斥原理

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wchhlbt/article/details/71051555

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题目原文：http://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/803/F

Let's call a non-empty sequence of positive integers a₁, a₂... a_k coprime if the greatest common divisor of all elements of this sequence is equal to 1.

Given an array a consisting of n positive integers, find the number of its coprime subsequences. Since the answer may be very large, print it modulo 10⁹ + 7.

Note that two subsequences are considered different if chosen indices are different. For example, in the array [1, 1] there are 3 different subsequences: [1], [1] and [1, 1].

Input

The first line contains one integer number n (1 ≤ n ≤ 100000).

The second line contains n integer numbers a₁, a₂... a_n (1 ≤ a_i ≤ 100000).

Output

Print the number of coprime subsequences of a modulo 10⁹ + 7.

题目大意：有 n 个数，让你找出其中互素的序列有多少个。

解题思路：可以很容易的到有某个约数的数字有多少个，这样的话就可以得到一个有约数 d 的集合。这个集合总共有2^d - 1个非空子集。问题在于这些集合很多是重复的，我们希望每个集合都表示最大公约数是 d 的集合，所以需要用到容斥原理，方法其实也很每一个子集的最大公约数了。

AC代码：

/*
    @Author: wchhlbt
    @Date:   2017/4/28
*/
#include <bits/stdc++.h>

#define Fori(x) for(int i=0;i<x;i++)
#define Forj(x) for(int j=0;j<x;j++)
#define maxn 100007
#define inf 0x3f3f3f3f
#define ONES(x) __builtin_popcount(x)
using namespace std;

typedef long long ll ;
const double eps =1e-8;
const int mod = 1000000007;
typedef pair<int, int> P;
const double PI = acos(-1.0);
int dx[4] = {0,0,1,-1};
int dy[4] = {1,-1,0,0};

int h[maxn];
ll f[maxn];
const int o = 100000;

ll quickpow(ll m,ll n,ll k)     // return m^n % k
{
    ll b = 1;
    m = m%k;
    while (n > 0)
    {
          if (n & 1)
             b = (b*m)%k;
          n = n >> 1 ;
          m = (m*m)%k;
    }
    return b;
}

int main()
{
    //freopen("test.txt","r",stdin);
    int n,m;
    scanf("%d",&n);
    while(n--){
        scanf("%d",&m);
        for(int i = 1; i*i<=m; i++){
            if(m%i==0){
                h[i]++;
                if(i*i!=m)
                    h[m/i]++;
            }
        }
    }
    for(int i = 1; i<=o; i++)
        f[i] = quickpow(2,h[i],mod) - 1;
    for(int i = o; i; i--){
        for(int j = i+i; j<=o; j+=i){
            f[i] = ( f[i] - f[j] + mod )%mod;
        }
    }
    cout << f[1] << endl;
    return 0;
}