IOS开发笔记（5）程序异常crash捕获与拦截



http://blog.csdn.net/xiaofansong/article/details/8277972

开发iOS应用，解决Crash问题始终是一个难题。Crash分为两种，一种是由EXC_BAD_ACCESS引起的，原因是访问了不属于本进程的内存地址，有可能是访问已被释放的内存；另一种是未被捕获的Objective-C异常（NSException），导致程序向自身发送了SIGABRT信号而崩溃。其实对于未捕获的Objective-C异常，我们是有办法将它记录下来的，如果日志记录得当，能够解决绝大部分崩溃的问题。这里对于UI线程与后台线程分别说明。

一：在.h文件中编写

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1. @interface UncaughtExceptionHandler : NSObject{  
2.     BOOL dismissed;  
3. }  
4.   
5. @end  
6. void HandleException(NSException *exception);  
7. void SignalHandler(int signal);  
8.   
9.   
10. void InstallUncaughtExceptionHandler(void);  

@interface UncaughtExceptionHandler : NSObject{
	BOOL dismissed;
}

@end
void HandleException(NSException *exception);
void SignalHandler(int signal);


void InstallUncaughtExceptionHandler(void);

二：在.m文件编写

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1. #import "UncaughtExceptionHandler.h"  
2. #include <libkern/OSAtomic.h>  
3. #include <execinfo.h>  
4.   
5. //http://www.cocoachina.com/newbie/tutorial/2012/0829/4672.html  
6. NSString * const UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalExceptionName = @"UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalExceptionName";  
7. NSString * const UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalKey = @"UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalKey";  
8. NSString * const UncaughtExceptionHandlerAddressesKey = @"UncaughtExceptionHandlerAddressesKey";  
9.   
10. volatile int32_t UncaughtExceptionCount = 0;  
11. const int32_t UncaughtExceptionMaximum = 10;  
12.   
13. const NSInteger UncaughtExceptionHandlerSkipAddressCount = 4;  
14. const NSInteger UncaughtExceptionHandlerReportAddressCount = 5;  
15.   
16. @implementation UncaughtExceptionHandler  
17.   
18. + (NSArray *)backtrace  
19. {  
20.      void* callstack[128];  
21.      int frames = backtrace(callstack, 128);  
22.      char **strs = backtrace_symbols(callstack, frames);  
23.        
24.      int i;  
25.      NSMutableArray *backtrace = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:frames];  
26.      for (  
27.         i = UncaughtExceptionHandlerSkipAddressCount;  
28.         i < UncaughtExceptionHandlerSkipAddressCount +  
29.             UncaughtExceptionHandlerReportAddressCount;  
30.         i++)  
31.      {  
32.         [backtrace addObject:[NSString stringWithUTF8String:strs[i]]];  
33.      }  
34.      free(strs);  
35.        
36.      return backtrace;  
37. }  
38.   
39. - (void)alertView:(UIAlertView *)anAlertView clickedButtonAtIndex:(NSInteger)anIndex  
40. {  
41.     if (anIndex == 0)  
42.     {  
43.         dismissed = YES;  
44.     }else if (anIndex==1) {  
45.         NSLog(@"ssssssss");  
46.     }  
47. }  
48.   
49. - (void)validateAndSaveCriticalApplicationData  
50. {  
51.       
52. }  
53.   
54. - (void)handleException:(NSException *)exception  
55. {  
56.     [self validateAndSaveCriticalApplicationData];  
57.       
58.     UIAlertView *alert =  
59.         [[[UIAlertView alloc]  
60.             initWithTitle:NSLocalizedString(@"抱歉，程序出现了异常", nil)  
61.             message:[NSString stringWithFormat:NSLocalizedString(  
62.                 @"如果点击继续，程序有可能会出现其他的问题，建议您还是点击退出按钮并重新打开\n\n"  
63.                 @"异常原因如下:\n%@\n%@", nil),  
64.                 [exception reason],  
65.                 [[exception userInfo] objectForKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerAddressesKey]]  
66.             delegate:self  
67.             cancelButtonTitle:NSLocalizedString(@"退出", nil)  
68.             otherButtonTitles:NSLocalizedString(@"继续", nil), nil]  
69.         autorelease];  
70.     [alert show];  
71.       
72.     CFRunLoopRef runLoop = CFRunLoopGetCurrent();  
73.     CFArrayRef allModes = CFRunLoopCopyAllModes(runLoop);  
74.       
75.     while (!dismissed)  
76.     {  
77.         for (NSString *mode in (NSArray *)allModes)  
78.         {  
79.             CFRunLoopRunInMode((CFStringRef)mode, 0.001, false);  
80.         }  
81.     }  
82.       
83.     CFRelease(allModes);  
84.   
85.     NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler(NULL);  
86.     signal(SIGABRT, SIG_DFL);  
87.     signal(SIGILL, SIG_DFL);  
88.     signal(SIGSEGV, SIG_DFL);  
89.     signal(SIGFPE, SIG_DFL);  
90.     signal(SIGBUS, SIG_DFL);  
91.     signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);  
92.       
93.     if ([[exception name] isEqual:UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalExceptionName])  
94.     {  
95.         kill(getpid(), [[[exception userInfo] objectForKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalKey] intValue]);  
96.     }  
97.     else  
98.     {  
99.         [exception raise];  
100.     }  
101. }  
102.   
103. @end  
104.   
105. void HandleException(NSException *exception)  
106. {  
107.     int32_t exceptionCount = OSAtomicIncrement32(&UncaughtExceptionCount);  
108.     if (exceptionCount > UncaughtExceptionMaximum)  
109.     {  
110.         return;  
111.     }  
112.       
113.     NSArray *callStack = [UncaughtExceptionHandler backtrace];  
114.     NSMutableDictionary *userInfo =  
115.         [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithDictionary:[exception userInfo]];  
116.     [userInfo  
117.         setObject:callStack  
118.         forKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerAddressesKey];  
119.       
120.     [[[[UncaughtExceptionHandler alloc] init] autorelease]  
121.         performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(handleException:)  
122.         withObject:  
123.             [NSException  
124.                 exceptionWithName:[exception name]  
125.                 reason:[exception reason]  
126.                 userInfo:userInfo]  
127.         waitUntilDone:YES];  
128. }  
129.   
130. void SignalHandler(int signal)  
131. {  
132.     int32_t exceptionCount = OSAtomicIncrement32(&UncaughtExceptionCount);  
133.     if (exceptionCount > UncaughtExceptionMaximum)  
134.     {  
135.         return;  
136.     }  
137.       
138.     NSMutableDictionary *userInfo =  
139.         [NSMutableDictionary  
140.             dictionaryWithObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:signal]  
141.             forKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalKey];  
142.   
143.     NSArray *callStack = [UncaughtExceptionHandler backtrace];  
144.     [userInfo  
145.         setObject:callStack  
146.         forKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerAddressesKey];  
147.       
148.     [[[[UncaughtExceptionHandler alloc] init] autorelease]  
149.         performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(handleException:)  
150.         withObject:  
151.             [NSException  
152.                 exceptionWithName:UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalExceptionName  
153.                 reason:  
154.                     [NSString stringWithFormat:  
155.                         NSLocalizedString(@"Signal %d was raised.", nil),  
156.                         signal]  
157.                 userInfo:  
158.                     [NSDictionary  
159.                         dictionaryWithObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:signal]  
160.                         forKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalKey]]  
161.         waitUntilDone:YES];  
162. }  
163.   
164. void InstallUncaughtExceptionHandler(void)  
165. {  
166.     NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler(&HandleException);  
167.     signal(SIGABRT, SignalHandler);  
168.     signal(SIGILL, SignalHandler);  
169.     signal(SIGSEGV, SignalHandler);  
170.     signal(SIGFPE, SignalHandler);  
171.     signal(SIGBUS, SignalHandler);  
172.     signal(SIGPIPE, SignalHandler);  
173. }  

#import "UncaughtExceptionHandler.h"
#include <libkern/OSAtomic.h>
#include <execinfo.h>

//http://www.cocoachina.com/newbie/tutorial/2012/0829/4672.html
NSString * const UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalExceptionName = @"UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalExceptionName";
NSString * const UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalKey = @"UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalKey";
NSString * const UncaughtExceptionHandlerAddressesKey = @"UncaughtExceptionHandlerAddressesKey";

volatile int32_t UncaughtExceptionCount = 0;
const int32_t UncaughtExceptionMaximum = 10;

const NSInteger UncaughtExceptionHandlerSkipAddressCount = 4;
const NSInteger UncaughtExceptionHandlerReportAddressCount = 5;

@implementation UncaughtExceptionHandler

+ (NSArray *)backtrace
{
	 void* callstack[128];
	 int frames = backtrace(callstack, 128);
	 char **strs = backtrace_symbols(callstack, frames);
	 
	 int i;
	 NSMutableArray *backtrace = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:frames];
	 for (
	 	i = UncaughtExceptionHandlerSkipAddressCount;
	 	i < UncaughtExceptionHandlerSkipAddressCount +
			UncaughtExceptionHandlerReportAddressCount;
		i++)
	 {
	 	[backtrace addObject:[NSString stringWithUTF8String:strs[i]]];
	 }
	 free(strs);
	 
	 return backtrace;
}

- (void)alertView:(UIAlertView *)anAlertView clickedButtonAtIndex:(NSInteger)anIndex
{
	if (anIndex == 0)
	{
		dismissed = YES;
	}else if (anIndex==1) {
        NSLog(@"ssssssss");
    }
}

- (void)validateAndSaveCriticalApplicationData
{
	
}

- (void)handleException:(NSException *)exception
{
	[self validateAndSaveCriticalApplicationData];
	
	UIAlertView *alert =
		[[[UIAlertView alloc]
			initWithTitle:NSLocalizedString(@"抱歉，程序出现了异常", nil)
			message:[NSString stringWithFormat:NSLocalizedString(
				@"如果点击继续，程序有可能会出现其他的问题，建议您还是点击退出按钮并重新打开\n\n"
				@"异常原因如下:\n%@\n%@", nil),
				[exception reason],
				[[exception userInfo] objectForKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerAddressesKey]]
			delegate:self
			cancelButtonTitle:NSLocalizedString(@"退出", nil)
			otherButtonTitles:NSLocalizedString(@"继续", nil), nil]
		autorelease];
	[alert show];
	
	CFRunLoopRef runLoop = CFRunLoopGetCurrent();
	CFArrayRef allModes = CFRunLoopCopyAllModes(runLoop);
	
	while (!dismissed)
	{
		for (NSString *mode in (NSArray *)allModes)
		{
			CFRunLoopRunInMode((CFStringRef)mode, 0.001, false);
		}
	}
	
	CFRelease(allModes);

	NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler(NULL);
	signal(SIGABRT, SIG_DFL);
	signal(SIGILL, SIG_DFL);
	signal(SIGSEGV, SIG_DFL);
	signal(SIGFPE, SIG_DFL);
	signal(SIGBUS, SIG_DFL);
	signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);
	
	if ([[exception name] isEqual:UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalExceptionName])
	{
		kill(getpid(), [[[exception userInfo] objectForKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalKey] intValue]);
	}
	else
	{
		[exception raise];
	}
}

@end

void HandleException(NSException *exception)
{
	int32_t exceptionCount = OSAtomicIncrement32(&UncaughtExceptionCount);
	if (exceptionCount > UncaughtExceptionMaximum)
	{
		return;
	}
	
	NSArray *callStack = [UncaughtExceptionHandler backtrace];
	NSMutableDictionary *userInfo =
		[NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithDictionary:[exception userInfo]];
	[userInfo
		setObject:callStack
		forKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerAddressesKey];
	
	[[[[UncaughtExceptionHandler alloc] init] autorelease]
		performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(handleException:)
		withObject:
			[NSException
				exceptionWithName:[exception name]
				reason:[exception reason]
				userInfo:userInfo]
		waitUntilDone:YES];
}

void SignalHandler(int signal)
{
	int32_t exceptionCount = OSAtomicIncrement32(&UncaughtExceptionCount);
	if (exceptionCount > UncaughtExceptionMaximum)
	{
		return;
	}
	
	NSMutableDictionary *userInfo =
		[NSMutableDictionary
			dictionaryWithObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:signal]
			forKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalKey];

	NSArray *callStack = [UncaughtExceptionHandler backtrace];
	[userInfo
		setObject:callStack
		forKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerAddressesKey];
	
	[[[[UncaughtExceptionHandler alloc] init] autorelease]
		performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(handleException:)
		withObject:
			[NSException
				exceptionWithName:UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalExceptionName
				reason:
					[NSString stringWithFormat:
						NSLocalizedString(@"Signal %d was raised.", nil),
						signal]
				userInfo:
					[NSDictionary
						dictionaryWithObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:signal]
						forKey:UncaughtExceptionHandlerSignalKey]]
		waitUntilDone:YES];
}

void InstallUncaughtExceptionHandler(void)
{
	NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler(&HandleException);
	signal(SIGABRT, SignalHandler);
	signal(SIGILL, SignalHandler);
	signal(SIGSEGV, SignalHandler);
	signal(SIGFPE, SignalHandler);
	signal(SIGBUS, SignalHandler);
	signal(SIGPIPE, SignalHandler);
}

三：最后在AppDelegate中创建

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1. - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions{  
2.   InstallUncaughtExceptionHandler();  
3.     self.window = [[[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]] autorelease];  
4.     // Override point for customization after application launch.  
5.   self.viewController = [[[ViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"ViewController" bundle:nil] autorelease];  
6.   self.window.rootViewController = self.viewController;  
7.     [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];  
8.     return YES;  
9. }  

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions{
  InstallUncaughtExceptionHandler();
    self.window = [[[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]] autorelease];
    // Override point for customization after application launch.
  self.viewController = [[[ViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"ViewController" bundle:nil] autorelease];
  self.window.rootViewController = self.viewController;
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
    return YES;
}

四：最后的测试

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1. - (IBAction)onclcko:(id)sender {  
2.    //  [alert show];  
3.     NSArray *arry=[NSArray arrayWithObject:@"sss"];  
4.     NSLog(@"%@",[arry objectAtIndex:1]);  
5. }  

- (IBAction)onclcko:(id)sender {
   //  [alert show];
    NSArray *arry=[NSArray arrayWithObject:@"sss"];
    NSLog(@"%@",[arry objectAtIndex:1]);
}

五：结果