405. Convert a Number to Hexadecimal

Given an integer, write an algorithm to convert it to hexadecimal. For negative integer, two’s complement method is used.

Note:

1. All letters in hexadecimal (a-f) must be in lowercase.
2. The hexadecimal string must not contain extra leading 0s. If the number is zero, it is represented by a single zero character '0'; otherwise, the first character in the hexadecimal string will not be the zero character.
3. The given number is guaranteed to fit within the range of a 32-bit signed integer.
4. You must not use any method provided by the library which converts/formats the number to hex directly.

Example 1:

Input:
26

Output:
"1a"

Example 2:

Input:
-1

Output:
"ffffffff"

正数直接除16取余法

负数不需要额外转换，直接位操作每四位取出来转化成十六进制对应的符号

public class Solution {
    public static String toHex(int num)
	{
		if(num==0)
			return "0";
		
		Stack<Character> stack=new Stack<>();
		char[] carr={'0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','a','b','c','d','e','f'};
		StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();
		if(num>=0)
		{
			while(num>0)
			{
				stack.push(carr[num%16]);
				num/=16;
			}
			while(!stack.isEmpty())
				sb.append(stack.pop());
		}
		else {
			int mask=0xf0000000;
			for(int i=0;i<8;i++)
			{
				int n=(num<<(i*4))&mask;
				int sum=0;
				int base=8;
				for(int j=0;j<4;j++)
				{
					if((n&0x80000000)!=0)
						sum+=base;
					base>>=1;
					n<<=1;
				}
				sb.append(carr[sum]);
			}
		}
		
		
		int start=0;
		while(sb.charAt(start)=='0')
			start++;
		
		return sb.substring(start);	
	}
}