Maven笔记

配置文件范例

   

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <groupId>us.codecraft</groupId>

    <artifactId>tiny-spring</artifactId>

    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <properties>

        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>

    </properties>

    <name>tiny-spring</name>

    <description>

        A tiny implementation of Spring for study.

    </description>

    <url>https://github.com/code4craft/xsoup/</url>

    <developers>

        <developer>

            <id>code4craft</id>

            <name>Yihua huang</name>

            <email>code4crafer@gmail.com</email>

        </developer>

    </developers>

   <licenses>

    <license>

        <name>The MIT License</name>

        <distribution>repo</distribution>

    </license>  

  </licenses>

        <dependencies>

            <dependency>

                <groupId>junit</groupId>

                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

                <version>4.7</version>

                <scope>test</scope>

            </dependency>

            <dependency>

                <groupId>aopalliance</groupId>

                <artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>

                <version>1.0</version>

            </dependency>

        </dependencies>

   

    <build>

        <plugins>

            <plugin>

                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>

                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>

                <version>3.1</version>

                <configuration>

                    <source>1.6</source>

                    <target>1.6</target>

                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>

                </configuration>

            </plugin>

            <plugin>

                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>

                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>

                <version>2.6</version>

                <configuration>

                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>

                </configuration>

            </plugin>

            <plugin>

                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>

                <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>

                <version>2.2.1</version>

                <executions>

                    <execution>

                        <id>attach-sources</id>

                        <goals>

                            <goal>jar</goal>

                        </goals>

                    </execution>

                </executions>

            </plugin>

            <plugin>

                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>

                <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>

                <version>2.9.1</version>

                <configuration>

                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>

                </configuration>

                <executions>

                    <execution>

                        <id>attach-javadocs</id>

                        <goals>

                            <goal>jar</goal>

                        </goals>

                    </execution>

                </executions>

            </plugin>

        </plugins>

    </build>

</project>

   

   

maven坐标

1. groupId：实际项目（比如SpringFramework），与域名反向一一对应（比如org.sonatype.nexus）
2. aritfactId：实际项目中的一个maven项目（模块），比如spring-core,spring-context等。推荐使用groupId作为前缀。
3. version：版本
4. Packaging：打包方式，默认为jar
5. classifier：附属构件，比如nexus-indexer-2.0.0.jar（主构件），nexus-indexer-2.0.0-javadoc.jar（附属构件），nexus-indexer-2.0.0-sources.jar（附属构件）

   

依赖<dependency>配置

   

• groupId、artifactId、version：确定坐标
• type：默认为jar
• scope：
  • compile：默认依赖范围，对编译，测试，运行有效
  • test：测试有效，编译和运行时无法使用此依赖
  • provided：编译和测试有效，运行时无效（例如servlet-api.jar）
  • runtime：测试和运行有效，编译无效（例如JDBC驱动实现，编译时只需要JDBC驱动接口）
  • system：与provided范围一致，但需要systemPath元素显示指定jar包路径
  • import：导入依赖范围

  图例：

  

• optional：标记依赖是否可选
• exclusions：用来排除传递性依赖

   

   

传递性依赖

   

   

注：以上表第一行为例说明：

当第一直接依赖范围是compile，第二直接依赖范围是compile，传递性依赖的范围是compile。

当第一直接依赖范围是compile，第二直接依赖范围是test，依赖不会传递。

同理可得表中其他情况。

   

   

依赖调解

A->B->C->X(1.0)

A->D->X(2.0)

短路径优先，使用x(2.0)。

   

A->B->Y(1.0)

A->C->Y(2.0)

路径长度相等，使用先声明的依赖。

   

   

优化依赖

mvn dependency:list // 显示所有已解析的依赖

mvn dependency:tree // 显示项目的依赖树

mvn dependency:analyze // 依赖分析，列出未显示声明的依赖（应该显示声明项目中直接使用到的依赖），未使用的依赖声明等