mysql安装

1、前言

上周安装mysql碰到各种问题，今天重新安装并记录下安装过程。

1.1上周碰到的问题：

1.1.1 mysql安装后无法本机登陆mysql

 分2种：

第一种是mysql命令不识别（-bash: mysql: command not found），这种是没有在本机安装mysql客户端（只装了MySQL-server-5.6.19-1.el6.x86_64.rpm，没有安装MySQL-client-5.6.19-1.el6.x86_64.rpm）；

第二种是mysql命令识别，但是报root用户密码权限问题

1.1.2 登陆后出现乱码

使用

2、正确的安装过程

使用的版本：MySQL Community Server，5.6.19，对应文件：MySQL-server-5.6.19-1.el6.x86_64.rpm、MySQL-client-5.6.19-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

2.1安装

rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.19-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.19-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

2.2 配置my.cnf

 
vi /etc/my.cnf
[client]
socket=/data/mysql.sock
port = 3306
#default-character-set = utf8

[mysqld]
user=mysql
#basedir = /usr
datadir = /data
skip-name-resolve
pid-file=/data/mysqld.pid
log-error=/data/mysqld.log
socket=/data/mysql.sock

#max connection and time out
max_connections=1000
wait_timeout=7200
interactive_timeout=7200
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

##slow log
slow_query_log=on
long_query_time=2
slow_query_log_file=mysqld-slow.log

event_scheduler=ON
lower_case_table_names = 1
character_set_server = utf8
collation_server=utf8_bin
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
log_bin=/binlog/log-bin
binlog_format=ROW

#innodb 配置
#Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
#cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
innodb_buffer_pool_size=3G
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=20M
innodb_log_buffer_size=16M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:1024M:autoextend
innodb_log_files_in_group=4
innodb_log_file_size=256M

##主从配置
server-id=146
log-slave-updates=true
#gtid-mode=on
#enforce-gtid-consistency=true
slave_parallel_workers=30
sync-master-info=1
#skip-slave-start
log-slave-updates
#replicate-ignore-db
read_only=1
relay_log_purge=off

relay-log-index = /binlog/relaylog.index
relay-log-info-file = /binlog/relaylog.info
relay-log = /binlog/relaylog
expire_logs_days = 3
max_relay_log_size=536870912
max_binlog_size=536870912

然后执行以下命令使my.cnf生效：

#必须先创建目录并赋权限，否则后面的mysql_install_db命令执行无法成功，mysql服务也无法启动
mkdir /binlog
mkdir /mysqldata
chown -R mysql:mysql /mysqldata
chmod -R 755 /mysqldata
chown -R mysql:mysql /binlog
chmod -R 755 /binlog

mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf 

2.3 启动mysql

setenforce 0

启动：service mysql start

重启：service mysql restart

停止：service mysql stop

3、启动报错的解决方案

最核心的解决启动报错的方法：看启动日志mysqld.log,这个文件一般在mysql的dataDir目录下

启动之前执行以下命令（否则可能报错ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/mysqldata/mysql.sock' (2)）：

如：

141013 18:01:12 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /mysqldata/mysqld.pid ended
141013 18:07:34 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /mysqldata
/usr/sbin/mysqld: File '/binlog/log-bin.index' not found (Errcode: 13 - Permission denied)
2014-10-13 18:07:34 12041 [ERROR] Aborting

以上报错说明/mysqldata目录没有赋权，需要执行以下命令

chown -R mysql:mysql /mysqldata
chmod -R 755 /mysqldata