spring入门

1.spring-依赖注入-set注入

第一步：新建一个类HelloSpring

注意：依赖注入的属性需要set方法

package com.gyx.HelloSpring;

public class HelloSpring {

	//name 值用 spring  依赖注入  IOC
	private String name;

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
	public void Hello(){
		System.out.println("Hello"+name);
	}
}

第二步：配置applicationContext.xml

注意：用bean标签来配置注入的类 id表示该bean的唯一标识符；class表示注入类的全限定名

bean标签里面的property标签用来配置属性：name表示类中的属性；value表示属性值

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd">
       
       <!-- 由spring new 一个对象 属性也一起注入 -->
       <bean id="user" class="com.gyx.HelloSpring.HelloSpring">
       	<property name="name" value="VN"></property>
       </bean>
</beans>

第三步：写一个测试类HelloTest

注意：用 ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("配置文件名") 可以获取相应配置文件中的存储bean的容器； 用context的getBean方法可以获取对象

package com.gyx.HelloSpring;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class HelloTest {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//取出容器
		ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
		//容器里取出对象
		HelloSpring hs = (HelloSpring) context.getBean("user");
		hs.Hello();
	}
}

2.注解完成依赖注入

Bean实现类注解

@Component           三层都能使用
@Controller          控制层(action)
@Service             业务逻辑层(service)
@Repository          数据持久层(dao)

自动装配注解：

@Autowired             (默认按类型)自动装配
@Qualifier("装配名")       (按名字)自动装配
@Resource                  java自带的注解

注意：在使用 @Qualifier("装配名")时，需要在该注解前加上@Autowired；装配名是Bean实现类注解后面跟的名字。如：@Controller("tAction")，@Service("tservice")，@Repository("tdao")

使用注解之后，就不用再配置文件中进行配置了。只需要使用自动扫描包的标签就行了。

<context:component-scan base-package="com.gyx.action,com.gyx.service,com.gyx.dao"></context:component-scan>

spring-auto.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd">
       
       <context:component-scan base-package="com.gyx.action,com.gyx.service,com.gyx.dao"></context:component-scan>
</beans>

3.构造器注入

第一步：新建一个Student类

注意：构造器注入不用set方法，只需要带参构造函数

package com.gyx.HelloSpring1;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

public class Student {

	private String name;
	private int age;
	
	public Student(){
		
	}
	
	public Student(String name,int age){
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
	}
	
	public void HelloTest(){
		System.out.println(name+","+age);
	}
	}

第二步：新建一个spring.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd">
       
       <!-- spring 构造器注入 -->
       <bean id="VN" class="com.gyx.HelloSpring1.Student">
       		<constructor-arg name="name" value="VN"/>
       		<constructor-arg name="age" value="12"/>
       </bean>
</beans>

第三步：新建一个测试类 HelloTest

package com.gyx.HelloSpring1;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.gyx.HelloSpring.HelloSpring;

public class HelloTest {


	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//取出容器
		ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
		//容器里取出对象
		Student s = (Student) context.getBean("VN");
		s.HelloTest();
	}
}