Angular开发必备的TypeScript基础

/**
 *大家好,我是Web卓,很高兴又来分享东西了

TypeScript是一种由微软开发的自由和开源的编程语言。它是JavaScript的一个超集   而且本质上向这个语言添加了可选的静态类型和基于类的面向对象编程
Angula的开发就是基于Typescript的,那么,想学好Angular,怎么能不懂Typescript呢

 */
let  choice:boolean;
let  num: number;
let  str: string;
let flag:any;   //任意类型
let  arr: any[];  //数组类型
let  tup: [string, number, boolean];  //元组
let z:null|undefined;  //空类型或者位置类型

enum  color{red,green,blue};  //枚举
let c:color = color.blue;
console.log(c);

//返回值为空
function  hello(): void{
    alert("hello angular");
}
//hello();
//变量声明
let  isLet:string = "hello";    //let声明的变量只在块级作用域内有效,只能在区域内被声明一次
var  isVar:number = 10086;      //可声明多次,但是只得到最后一次的声明的值
const isCon: number = 3.14;     //定义常量,数值不可更改

//数组解构
let numArray = [1,2,3];
let [a,b,c] =  numArray;
console.log(c,b,a);
//操作展开符...  三个点用于创建可变长的参数列表
let  [one,tow,...more] = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7];
console.log(more);

//对象解构
let person = {name:'马克',age:18};
let {name,age} = person;
console.log(name,age);

//函数参数可选?
function func(x:number,y?:number): number{
    if (y) {
        return x>y?y:x;
    }
    else
    {
        return x;
    }
}
console.log(func(10));
console.log(func(10,1));

//默认参数放在后面
function fun1(x:number, y:number = 6):void{
    console.log(x+y);
}
fun1(8);
//默认参数放在前面,必须用undefined顶替其位置才能调用
function fun2(x:number = 3, y:number):void{
    console.log(x+y);
}
fun2(undefined, 8);


//剩余参数,利用...展开符,后面必须为数组
function addNum(a:number,...moreNum:number[]):void{
    let result = a;
    for(let i = 0;i < moreNum.length;i++){
        result = result+moreNum[i];
    }
    console.log(result);
}
addNum(1,2,3,4,5);


//类

class People{
    public name:string;
    public age: number;
    constructor(   //构造函数
        name:string,
        age:number
    ){
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
}
class  Man extends People{
    constructor(
        name:string,
        age:number
    ){
        super(name,age);
    }
}

let chinese: Man[] = [
    new Man('张三',13),
    new Man('李四',25)
]
console.log(chinese[0].name);