ZooKeeper的安装模式分为三种,分别为:单机模式(stand-alone)、集群模式和集群伪分布模式。ZooKeeper 单机模式的安装相对比较简单,如果第一次接触ZooKeeper的话,建议安装ZooKeeper单机模式或者集群伪分布模式。
ZooKeeper Standalone模式
从Apache网站上(zookeeper.apache.org)下载ZooKeeper软件包,我选择了3.3.4版本的(zookeeper-3.3.4.tar.gz),在一台Linux机器上安装非常容易,只需要解压缩后,简单配置一下即可以启动ZooKeeper服务器进程。
将zookeeper-3.3.4/conf目录下面的 zoo_sample.cfg修改为zoo.cfg,配置文件内容如下所示:
- tickTime=2000
- dataDir=/home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper
- clientPort=2181
- initLimit=5
- syncLimit=2
- tickTime —— the basic time unit in milliseconds used by ZooKeeper. It is used to do heartbeats and the minimum session timeout will be twice the tickTime.
- dataDir —— the location to store the in-memory database snapshots and, unless specified otherwise, the transaction log of updates to the database.
- clientPort —— the port to listen for client connections
- cd zookeeper-3.3.4/
- bin/zkServer.sh start
在客户端连接ZooKeeper服务器,执行如下命令:
- bin/zkCli.sh -server dynamic:2181
- bin/zkCli.sh
- hadoop@master:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ bin/zkCli.sh -server dynamic:2181
- Connecting to dynamic:2181
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,178 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:zookeeper.version=3.3.3-1203054, built on 11/17/2011 05:47 GMT
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,188 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:host.name=master
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,191 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.version=1.6.0_30
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,194 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.vendor=Sun Microsystems Inc.
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,200 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.home=/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,203 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.class.path=/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../build/classes:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../zookeeper-3.3.4.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.15.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-lang-2.4.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-collections-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-cli-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/apache-rat-tasks-0.6.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/apache-rat-core-0.6.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../src/java/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/*.jar
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,206 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.library.path=/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/i386/client:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/i386:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/../lib/i386:/usr/java/packages/lib/i386:/lib:/usr/lib
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,213 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.io.tmpdir=/tmp
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,216 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.compiler=<NA>
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,235 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:os.name=Linux
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,244 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:os.arch=i386
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,246 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:os.version=3.0.0-14-generic
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,251 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:user.name=hadoop
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,254 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:user.home=/home/hadoop
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,255 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:user.dir=/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,264 - INFO [main:ZooKeeper@379] - Initiating client connection, connectString=dynamic:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@bf32c
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,339 - INFO [main-SendThread():ClientCnxn$SendThread@1061] - Opening socket connection to server dynamic/192.168.0.107:2181
- Welcome to ZooKeeper!
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,397 - INFO [main-SendThread(dynamic:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@950] - Socket connection established to dynamic/192.168.0.107:2181, initiating session
- JLine support is enabled
- 2012-01-08 21:30:06,492 - INFO [main-SendThread(dynamic:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@739] - Session establishment complete on server dynamic/192.168.0.107:2181, sessionid = 0x134b9b714f9000c, negotiated timeout = 30000
- WATCHER::
- WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null
- [zk: dynamic:2181(CONNECTED) 0]
接着,可以使用help查看Zookeeper客户端可以使用的基本操作命令。
ZooKeeper Distributed模式
ZooKeeper分布式模式安装(ZooKeeper集群)也比较容易,这里说明一下基本要点。
首先要明确的是,ZooKeeper集群是一个独立的分布式协调服务集群,“独立”的含义就是说,如果想使用ZooKeeper实现分布式应用的协调与管理,简化协调与管理,任何分布式应用都可以使用,这就要归功于Zookeeper的数据模型(Data Model)和层次命名空间(Hierarchical Namespace)结构,详细可以参考http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/trunk/zookeeperOver.html。在设计你的分布式应用协调服务时,首要的就是考虑如何组织层次命名空间。
下面说明分布式模式的安装配置,过程如下所示:
第一步:主机名称到IP地址映射配置
ZooKeeper集群中具有两个关键的角色:Leader和Follower。集群中所有的结点作为一个整体对分布式应用提供服务,集群中每个结点之间都互相连接,所以,在配置的ZooKeeper集群的时候,每一个结点的host到IP地址的映射都要配置上集群中其它结点的映射信息。
例如,我的ZooKeeper集群中每个结点的配置,以slave-01为例,/etc/hosts内容如下所示:
- 192.168.0.179 slave-01
- 192.168.0.178 slave-02
- 192.168.0.177 slave-03
ZooKeeper采用一种称为Leader election的选举算法。在整个集群运行过程中,只有一个Leader,其他的都是Follower,如果ZooKeeper集群在运行过程中Leader出了问题,系统会采用该算法重新选出一个Leader。因此,各个结点之间要能够保证互相连接,必须配置上述映射。
ZooKeeper集群启动的时候,会首先选出一个Leader,在Leader election过程中,某一个满足选举算的结点就能成为Leader。整个集群的架构可以参考http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/trunk/zookeeperOver.html#sc_designGoals。
第二步:修改ZooKeeper配置文件
在其中一台机器(slave-01)上,解压缩zookeeper-3.3.4.tar.gz,修改配置文件conf/zoo.cfg,内容如下所示:
- tickTime=2000
- dataDir=/home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper
- clientPort=2181
- initLimit=5
- syncLimit=2
- server.1=slave-01:2888:3888
- server.2=slave-02:2888:3888
- server.3=slave-03:2888:3888
第三步:远程复制分发安装文件
上面已经在一台机器slave-01上配置完成ZooKeeper,现在可以将该配置好的安装文件远程拷贝到集群中的各个结点对应的目录下:
- cd /home/hadoop/installation/
- scp -r zookeeper-3.3.4/ hadoop@slave-02:/home/hadoop/installation/
- scp -r zookeeper-3.3.4/ hadoop@slave-03:/home/hadoop/installation/
在我们配置的dataDir指定的目录下面,创建一个myid文件,里面内容为一个数字,用来标识当前主机,conf/zoo.cfg文件中配置的server.X中X为什么数字,则myid文件中就输入这个数字,例如:
- hadoop@slave-01:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ echo "1" > /home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper/myid
- hadoop@slave-02:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ echo "2" > /home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper/myid
- hadoop@slave-03:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ echo "3" > /home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper/myid
第五步:启动ZooKeeper集群
在ZooKeeper集群的每个结点上,执行启动ZooKeeper服务的脚本,如下所示:
- hadoop@slave-01:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ bin/zkServer.sh start
- hadoop@slave-02:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ bin/zkServer.sh start
- hadoop@slave-03:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ bin/zkServer.sh start
- hadoop@slave-01:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ tail -500f zookeeper.out
- 2012-01-08 06:51:19,117 - INFO [main:QuorumPeerConfig@90] - Reading configuration from: /home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
- 2012-01-08 06:51:19,133 - INFO [main:QuorumPeerConfig@310] - Defaulting to majority quorums
- 2012-01-08 06:51:19,167 - INFO [main:QuorumPeerMain@119] - Starting quorum peer
- 2012-01-08 06:51:19,227 - INFO [main:NIOServerCnxn$Factory@143] - binding to port 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0:2181
- 2012-01-08 06:51:19,277 - INFO [main:QuorumPeer@819] - tickTime set to 2000
- 2012-01-08 06:51:19,278 - INFO [main:QuorumPeer@830] - minSessionTimeout set to -1
- 2012-01-08 06:51:19,279 - INFO [main:QuorumPeer@841] - maxSessionTimeout set to -1
- 2012-01-08 06:51:19,281 - INFO [main:QuorumPeer@856] - initLimit set to 5
- 2012-01-08 06:51:19,347 - INFO [Thread-1:QuorumCnxManager$Listener@473] - My election bind port: 3888
- 2012-01-08 06:51:19,393 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumPeer@621] - LOOKING
- 2012-01-08 06:51:19,396 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@663] - New election. My id = 1, Proposed zxid = 0
- 2012-01-08 06:51:19,400 - INFO [WorkerReceiver Thread:FastLeaderElection@496] - Notification: 1 (n.leader), 0 (n.zxid), 1 (n.round), LOOKING (n.state), 1 (n.sid), LOOKING (my state)
- 2012-01-08 06:51:19,416 - WARN [WorkerSender Thread:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 2 at election address slave-02/192.168.0.178:3888
- java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.toSend(QuorumCnxManager.java:340)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.process(FastLeaderElection.java:360)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.run(FastLeaderElection.java:333)
- at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
- 2012-01-08 06:51:19,420 - WARN [WorkerSender Thread:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 3 at election address slave-03/192.168.0.177:3888
- java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.toSend(QuorumCnxManager.java:340)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.process(FastLeaderElection.java:360)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.run(FastLeaderElection.java:333)
- at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
- 2012-01-08 06:51:19,612 - WARN [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 2 at election address slave-02/192.168.0.178:3888
- java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
- 2012-01-08 06:51:19,615 - WARN [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 3 at election address slave-03/192.168.0.177:3888
- java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
- 2012-01-08 06:51:19,616 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@697] - Notification time out: 400
- 2012-01-08 06:51:20,019 - WARN [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 2 at election address slave-02/192.168.0.178:3888
- java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
- 2012-01-08 06:51:20,021 - WARN [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 3 at election address slave-03/192.168.0.177:3888
- java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
- 2012-01-08 06:51:20,022 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@697] - Notification time out: 800
- 2012-01-08 06:51:20,825 - WARN [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 2 at election address slave-02/192.168.0.178:3888
- java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
- 2012-01-08 06:51:20,827 - WARN [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 3 at election address slave-03/192.168.0.177:3888
- java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
- 2012-01-08 06:51:20,828 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@697] - Notification time out: 1600
- 2012-01-08 06:51:22,435 - WARN [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 2 at election address slave-02/192.168.0.178:3888
- java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
- 2012-01-08 06:51:22,439 - WARN [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 3 at election address slave-03/192.168.0.177:3888
- java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
- 2012-01-08 06:51:22,441 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@697] - Notification time out: 3200
- 2012-01-08 06:51:22,945 - INFO [WorkerReceiver Thread:FastLeaderElection@496] - Notification: 2 (n.leader), 0 (n.zxid), 1 (n.round), LOOKING (n.state), 2 (n.sid), LOOKING (my state)
- 2012-01-08 06:51:22,946 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@721] - Updating proposal
- 2012-01-08 06:51:22,949 - WARN [WorkerSender Thread:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 3 at election address slave-03/192.168.0.177:3888
- java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
- at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.toSend(QuorumCnxManager.java:340)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.process(FastLeaderElection.java:360)
- at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.run(FastLeaderElection.java:333)
- at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
- 2012-01-08 06:51:22,951 - INFO [WorkerReceiver Thread:FastLeaderElection@496] - Notification: 2 (n.leader), 0 (n.zxid), 1 (n.round), LOOKING (n.state), 1 (n.sid), LOOKING (my state)
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,156 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumPeer@643] - FOLLOWING
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,170 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Learner@80] - TCP NoDelay set to: true
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,206 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:zookeeper.version=3.3.3-1203054, built on 11/17/2011 05:47 GMT
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,207 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:host.name=slave-01
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,207 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:java.version=1.6.0_30
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,208 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:java.vendor=Sun Microsystems Inc.
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,208 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:java.home=/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,209 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:java.class.path=/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../build/classes:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../zookeeper-3.3.4.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.15.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-lang-2.4.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-collections-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-cli-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/apache-rat-tasks-0.6.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/apache-rat-core-0.6.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../src/java/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/*.jar
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,210 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:java.library.path=/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/i386/client:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/i386:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/../lib/i386:/usr/java/packages/lib/i386:/lib:/usr/lib
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,210 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:java.io.tmpdir=/tmp
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,212 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:java.compiler=<NA>
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,212 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:os.name=Linux
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,212 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:os.arch=i386
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,213 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:os.version=3.0.0-14-generic
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,213 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:user.name=hadoop
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,214 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:user.home=/home/hadoop
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,214 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:user.dir=/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,223 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:ZooKeeperServer@151] - Created server with tickTime 2000 minSessionTimeout 4000 maxSessionTimeout 40000 datadir /home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper/version-2 snapdir /home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper/version-2
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,339 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Learner@294] - Getting a snapshot from leader
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,358 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Learner@325] - Setting leader epoch 1
- 2012-01-08 06:51:23,358 - INFO [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FileTxnSnapLog@254] - Snapshotting: 0
- 2012-01-08 06:51:25,511 - INFO [WorkerReceiver Thread:FastLeaderElection@496] - Notification: 3 (n.leader), 0 (n.zxid), 1 (n.round), LOOKING (n.state), 3 (n.sid), FOLLOWING (my state)
- 2012-01-08 06:51:42,584 - INFO [WorkerReceiver Thread:FastLeaderElection@496] - Notification: 3 (n.leader), 0 (n.zxid), 2 (n.round), LOOKING (n.state), 3 (n.sid), FOLLOWING (my state)
其他结点可能也出现类似问题,属于正常。
第六步:安装验证
可以通过ZooKeeper的脚本来查看启动状态,包括集群中各个结点的角色(或是Leader,或是Follower),如下所示,是在ZooKeeper集群中的每个结点上查询的结果:
- hadoop@slave-01:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ bin/zkServer.sh status
- JMX enabled by default
- Using config: /home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
- Mode: follower
- hadoop@slave-02:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ bin/zkServer.sh status
- JMX enabled by default
- Using config: /home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
- Mode: leader
- hadoop@slave-03:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ bin/zkServer.sh status
- JMX enabled by default
- Using config: /home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
- Mode: follower
另外,可以通过客户端脚本,连接到ZooKeeper集群上。对于客户端来说,ZooKeeper是一个整体(ensemble),连接到ZooKeeper集群实际上感觉在独享整个集群的服务,所以,你可以在任何一个结点上建立到服务集群的连接,例如:
- hadoop@slave-03:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ bin/zkCli.sh -server slave-01:2181
- Connecting to slave-01:2181
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,068 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:zookeeper.version=3.3.3-1203054, built on 11/17/2011 05:47 GMT
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,080 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:host.name=slave-03
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,085 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.version=1.6.0_30
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,089 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.vendor=Sun Microsystems Inc.
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,095 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.home=/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,104 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.class.path=/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../build/classes:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../zookeeper-3.3.4.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.15.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-lang-2.4.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-collections-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-cli-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/apache-rat-tasks-0.6.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/apache-rat-core-0.6.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../src/java/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/*.jar
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,111 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.library.path=/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/i386/client:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/i386:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/../lib/i386:/usr/java/packages/lib/i386:/lib:/usr/lib
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,116 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.io.tmpdir=/tmp
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,124 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.compiler=<NA>
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,169 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:os.name=Linux
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,175 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:os.arch=i386
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,177 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:os.version=3.0.0-14-generic
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,185 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:user.name=hadoop
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,188 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:user.home=/home/hadoop
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,190 - INFO [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:user.dir=/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,197 - INFO [main:ZooKeeper@379] - Initiating client connection, connectString=slave-01:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@bf32c
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,305 - INFO [main-SendThread():ClientCnxn$SendThread@1061] - Opening socket connection to server slave-01/192.168.0.179:2181
- Welcome to ZooKeeper!
- 2012-01-08 07:14:21,376 - INFO [main-SendThread(slave-01:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@950] - Socket connection established to slave-01/192.168.0.179:2181, initiating session
- JLine support is enabled
- [zk: slave-01:2181(CONNECTING) 0] 2012-01-08 07:14:21,872 - INFO [main-SendThread(slave-01:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@739] - Session establishment complete on server slave-01/192.168.0.179:2181, sessionid = 0x134bdcd6b730000, negotiated timeout = 30000
- WATCHER::
- WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null
- [zk: slave-01:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /
- [zookeeper]
集群伪分布模式
简单来说,集群伪分布模式就是在单机下模拟集群的ZooKeeper服务。
那么,如何对配置 ZooKeeper 的集群伪分布模式呢?其实很简单,在 zookeeper 配置文档中, clientPort参数用来设置客户端连接 zookeeper 的端口。 server.1=IP1:2887:3887 中, IP1 指示的是组成 ZooKeeper 服务的机器 IP 地址, 2887 为用来进行 leader 选举的端口, 3887 为组成 ZooKeeper 服务的机器之间通信的端口。集群伪分布模式我们使用每个配置文档模拟一台机器,也就是说,需要在单台机器上运行多个 zookeeper 实例。但是,我们必须要保证各个配置文档的 clientPort 不能冲突。
下面是我们所配置的集群伪分布模式,通过 zoo1.cfg , zoo2.cfg , zoo3.cfg 模拟了三台机器的 ZooKeeper集群。详见代码清单 C :
代码清单C : zoo1.cfg :
# The number of milliseconds of each tick
tickTime=2000
# The number of ticks that the initial
# synchronization phase can take
initLimit=10
# The number of ticks that can pass between
# sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
dataDir=/root/hadoop-0.20.2/zookeeper-3.3.1/d_1
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2181
server.1=localhost:2887:3887
server.2=localhost:2888:3888
server.3=localhost:2889:3889
zoo2.cfg :
# The number of milliseconds of each tick
tickTime=2000
# The number of ticks that the initial
# synchronization phase can take
initLimit=10
# The number of ticks that can pass between
# sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
dataDir=/root/hadoop-0.20.2/zookeeper-3.3.1/d_2
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2182
#the location of the log file
dataLogDir=/root/hadoop-0.20.2/zookeeper-3.3.1/logs
server.1=localhost:2887:3887
server.2=localhost:2888:3888
server.3=localhost:2889:3889
zoo3.cfg :
# The number of milliseconds of each tick
tickTime=2000
# The number of ticks that the initial
# synchronization phase can take
initLimit=10
# The number of ticks that can pass between
# sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
dataDir=/root/hadoop-0.20.2/zookeeper-3.3.1/d_2
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2183
#the location of the log file
dataLogDir=/root/hadoop-0.20.2/zookeeper-3.3.1/logs
server.1=localhost:2887:3887
server.2=localhost:2888:3888
server.3=localhost:2889:3889
从上述三个代码清单中可以看到,除了 clientPort 不同之外, dataDir 也不同。另外,不要忘记在 dataDir 所对应的目录中创建 myid 文件来指定对应的 zookeeper 服务器实例。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
下面来说明zookeeper结合sheepdog的安装和使用:
首先下载源码包:
wget http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.5/zookeeper-3.4.5.tar.gz然后执行:
$ tar -zxvf zookeeper-x.x.x.tar.gz $ cd zookeeper-x.x.x/src/c $ ./configure --prefix=/usr $ make $ make install然后修改配置文件,如下所示:
$ cd zookeeper-x.x.x/conf $ mv zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg #Setting this to 0 entirely removes the limit on concurrent connections. $ echo "maxClientCnxns=0" >> zoo.cfg $ mkdir -p /tmp/zookeeper然后启动:
$ sudo ./bin/zkServer.sh start安装sheepdog:
$ git clone git://github.com/collie/sheepdog.git $ cd sheepdog/ $ ./configure --enable-zookeeper $ make $ sudo make install使用zookeeper作为集群控制器启动sheepdog:
$ sudo sheep /store -c zookeeper:IP1:2181,IP2:2181,IP3:2181 # use default 30s heartbeat or $ sudo sheep /store -c zookeeper:IP1:2181,IP2:2181,IP3:2181,timeout=10s # use 10s heartbeat for small sized cluster like 30 nodes.做完这些事情后,就可以体验一下,集群的感觉了。