SpringBoot第三章-------Web使用

溯逸

已于 2022-01-19 16:20:22 修改

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文章标签： spring boot 前端 java

于 2022-01-19 16:14:14 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weismwonameshuai/article/details/122581798

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这里主要讲的是servlet、拦截器，Filter过滤器

一、拦截器

1、创建类实现SpringMVC框架的HandlerInterceptor接口

一、拦截器

思路是这样的

1、创建类实现SpringMVC框架的HandlerInterceptor接口

package com.bjpowernode.web;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * 自定义拦截器
 */
public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor  {

    /**
     *当调用拦截InterceptorRegistry时候，就会调用这里，然后，就会返回false
     * 这里重写，当拦截时候也设置true，放行了
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @param handler  被拦截器的控制器对象
     * @return boolean
     *    true： 请求能被Controller处理
     *    false: 请求被截断
     */
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
                             HttpServletResponse response,
                             Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("执行了LoginInterceptor的preHandle");
        return true;
    }
}

2、配置依赖

		<!--web依赖-->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

3、SpringBoot中注册拦截器

package com.bjpowernode.config;

import com.bjpowernode.web.LoginInterceptor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
/*
* WebMvcConfigurer:处理web配置文件的
* InterceptorRegistry：拦截器注册登记类
*/
@Configuration
public class MyAppConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    //添加拦截器对象， 注入到容器中
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {

        //创建拦截器对象
        HandlerInterceptor interceptor = new LoginInterceptor();

        //指定拦截的请求uri地址
        String path []= {"/user/**"};
        //指定不拦截的地址
        String excludePath  [] = {"/user/login"};
        registry.addInterceptor(interceptor)
                .addPathPatterns(path)
                .excludePathPatterns(excludePath);

    }
}

4、测试使用，

我们发现了当我们访问的是/user/account时候就拦截住了，看idea显示执行了LoginInterceptor的preHandle

package com.bjpowernode.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class BootController {

    @RequestMapping("/user/account")
    @ResponseBody
    public String userAccount(){
        return "访问user/account地址";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/login")
    @ResponseBody
    public String userLogin(){
        return "访问user/login地址";
    }
}

二、servlet

1、配置

servlet的配置跟上面一样，配置了一个web就行了，里面有servlet的依赖

		<!--web依赖-->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

2、 post和get用法

public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req,resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
       //使用HttpServletResponse输出数据，应答结果
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        PrintWriter out  = resp.getWriter();
        out.println("===执行的是Servlet==");
        out.flush();
        out.close();

    }
}

3、注册Servlet对象

package com.bjpowernode.config;

import com.bjpowernode.web.MyServlet;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class WebApplictionConfig {

    //定义方法， 注册Servlet对象
    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean servletRegistrationBean(){

        //public ServletRegistrationBean(T servlet, String... urlMappings)
        //第一个参数是 Servlet对象， 第二个是url地址

        //ServletRegistrationBean bean =
        //new ServletRegistrationBean( new MyServlet(),"/myservlet");

        ServletRegistrationBean bean = new ServletRegistrationBean();
        bean.setServlet( new MyServlet());
        bean.addUrlMappings("/login","/test"); // <url-pattern>访问路径


        return bean;
    }
}

三、过滤器Filter

Filter是Servlet规范中的过滤器，可以处理请求，对请求的参数，属性进行调整。常常在过滤器中处理字符编码

假如这里要采用过滤器处理字符编码

1、在properties中

server.port=9001
server.servlet.context-path=/myboot

#让系统的CharacterEncdoingFilter生效
server.servlet.encoding.enabled=true
#指定使用的编码方式
server.servlet.encoding.charset=utf-8
#强制request，response都使用charset属性的值
server.servlet.encoding.force=true

2、注册Servlet

package com.bjpowernode.config;

import com.bjpowernode.web.MyServlet;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter;

@Configuration
public class WebSystemConfig {

    //注册Servlet
    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean servletRegistrationBean(){
        MyServlet myServlet = new MyServlet();
        ServletRegistrationBean reg = new ServletRegistrationBean(myServlet,"/myservlet");
        return reg;
    }

}

把myservlet路径资源返回到后端的数据都给定义成了utf-8

3、测试使用

package com.bjpowernode.web;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req,resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
        out.println("*****在Servlet输出中文,默认编码ISO-8859-1****");
        out.flush();
        out.close();
    }
}