Oracle验证两种方式,操作系统验证,密码文件验证
启动密码文件验证
如果数据库登录方式是操作系统验证sys登录不需要用户名和密码就可以登录
C:\Documents and Settings\wwang>sqlplus dfsdljfsdljf/jsljfls as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期一 6月 11 22:28:09 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.
连接到:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing option
SQL>
1. 创建口令验证文件
C:\Documents and Settings\wwang>orapwd file=D:\app\wwang\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database\PWDmdsp.ora entries=3
force=y password=oracle;
2. 修改初始化参数remote_login_passwordfile= EXCLUSIVE
此参数有三个exclusive 启用(单实例多用户)none 表示禁用 shared 启用(RAC多实例单用户)
3. 修改sqlnet.ora中SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (NONE)
4. 再次使用sqlplus / as sysdba登录
C:\Documents and Settings\wwang>sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期一 6月 11 22:48:56 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-01031: 权限不足
请输入用户名:
ERROR:
ORA-01017: 用户名/口令无效; 登录被拒绝
登录不输入用户名密码登录不上
只用输入正确的用户名密码才能登录
C:\Documents and Settings\wwang>sqlplus sys/oracle; as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期一 6月 11 22:52:32 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.
连接到:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL>
查看v$pwfile_users
SQL> select * from v$pwfile_users;
USERNAME SYSDBA SYSOPER SYSASM
-------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------
SYS TRUE TRUE FALSE
SQL>
给用户赋予sysdba权限
SQL> grant sysdba to imuse01;
授权成功。
SQL> select * from v$pwfile_users;
USERNAME SYSDBA SYSOPER SYSASM
-------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------
SYS TRUE TRUE FALSE
IMUSE01 TRUE FALSE FALSE
因为创建口令文件entries=3只能在给3个用户赋sysdba权限(以4个位单位)
5. 如果要禁用口令文件验证修改sqlnet.ora中SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (NTS)