Redis data types

Redis data types

Reids is not a plain-value store, actually it is a data structures server, supporting different kinds of values.

Redis keys

• Any binary sequences can be used as a key, from a string to the content of a JPEG file.

Rules about keys

• Very long keys are not a good idea. (in order to antenuate the key-comparison cost)
  – Hashing a very long key first (SHA1) is a better idea.
• Very short keys are often not a good idea, too short to be readable.
  – “u1000flw” vs “user:1000:followers”
• The maximum allowed key size is 512MB.

Redis Strings

Operations on Redis Strings

1. set, get, getset
2. Parsing the Redis String Values as an integer/float
   
   • incr, decr, incrby, decrby, incrbyfloat
3. Altering and querying key space
   
   • commands useful in order to interact with space of keys, not defined on particular types
   • exists, del, type
4. Setting or retrieving the value of multiple keys in a single command
   
   • mset, mget
5. Bitmaps
   
   • constant-time single bit operations: setbit, getbit
   • operations on groups of bits: bitop, bitcount, bitpos

Redis Lists

• Redis lists are implemented via Linked Lists.

Common use cases for lists

1. Remember the latest updates posted by users into a social network
2. Communication process, using a consumer-producer patern

Operations on Redis Lists

1. Push and Pop
   
   • rpush, lpush, rpop, lpop
2. Retrieving a range of elements at one time
   
   • lrange
3. Capped lists
   
   • ltrim
4. Blocking operations on lists
   
   • Why need these operations?
     – Non-blocking operations may lead to useles commands or unnecessary waiting time.
   • blpop, brpop
     – BLPOP and BRPOP are able to block waiting for elements from multiple lists.

Redis Hashes

• Hashes are handy to represent objects, with the keys representing the objects’ attributes.
  
  1. Setting or retrieving the value (one or multiple)
• hmset, hmget, hset, hget
  
  1. Performing opertions on individual fields
• hincrby, hincrbyfloat
  
  1. full list of hash commands in the documentation
• hexists, hkeys, hvals, hgetall

Redis Sets (unordered)

1. Setting or retrieving
   
   • sadd, srem
2. Operations on multiple sets
   
   • sdiff, sinter, sunion, sdiffstore, sinterstore, sunionstore

Redis Sored Sets

1. Setting or retrieving
   
   • zadd, zrange, zrevrange
   • using withscores to return scores in zrange order
2. Operating on ranges
   
   • zrangebyscore, zremrangebyscore, zrank, zrevrank,
     – zrangebyscore hackers -inf 1950
3. Lexicographical scores
   
   • zrangebylex, zrevrangebylex, zremrangebylex, zlexcount

Redis HyperLogLogs

A HyperLogLog is a probabilistic data structure used in order to count unique things (technically this is referred to estimating the cardinality of a set).

1. pfadd, pfcount