SaltStack常用的模块

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-18 03:16:02 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-18 03:16:02 发布

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分类专栏： Linux自动化文章标签： saltstack

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixiaoya0204/article/details/121127078

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1. SaltStack模块介绍

Module是日常使用SaltStack接触最多的一个组件，其用于管理对象操作，这也是SaltStack通过Push的方式进行管理的入口，比如我们日常简单的执行命令、查看包安装情况、查看服务运行情况等工作都是通过SaltStack Module来实现的。

当安装好Master和Minion包后，系统上会安装很多Module，大家可以通过以下命令查看支持的所有Module列表：

//查看所有module列表
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' sys.list_modules
node1:
    - acl
    - aliases
    - alternatives
    - apache
    - archive
    - artifactory
    - baredoc
    - beacons
    - bigip
    - btrfs
    - buildout
    - chroot
    - cloud
    - cmd
    - composer
    - config
    - consul
    - container_resource
    - cp
  ··························省略

//查看指定module的所有function
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' sys.list_functions cmd
node1:
    - cmd.exec_code
    - cmd.exec_code_all
    - cmd.has_exec
    - cmd.powershell
    - cmd.powershell_all
    - cmd.retcode
    - cmd.run
    - cmd.run_all
    - cmd.run_bg
    - cmd.run_chroot
    - cmd.run_stderr
    - cmd.run_stdout
    - cmd.script
    - cmd.script_retcode
    - cmd.shell
    - cmd.shell_info
    - cmd.shells
    - cmd.tty
    - cmd.which
    - cmd.which_bin

//查看指定module的用法
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' sys.doc cmd
cmd.exec_code:

    Pass in two strings, the first naming the executable language, aka -
    python2, python3, ruby, perl, lua, etc. the second string containing
    the code you wish to execute. The stdout will be returned.

    All parameters from :mod:`cmd.run_all <salt.modules.cmdmod.run_all>` except python_shell can be used.

    CLI Example:
········································省略


//SaltStack默认也支持一次执行多个Module，Module之间通过逗号隔开，默认传参之间也是用逗号分隔，也支持指定传参分隔符号--args-separator=@即可
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' test.echo,cmd.run,service.status hello,hostname,salt-minionnode1:
    ----------
    cmd.run:
        node1
    service.status:
        True
    test.echo:
        hello

2. SaltStack常用模块

2.1 SaltStack常用模块之network

2.1.1 network.active_tcp

返回所有活动的tcp连接

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.active_tcp
node1:
    ----------
    0:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.235.172
        local_port:
            46716
        remote_addr:
            192.168.235.160
        remote_port:
            4505
    1:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.235.172
        local_port:
            22
        remote_addr:
            192.168.235.1
        remote_port:
            51040
    2:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.235.172
        local_port:
            22
        remote_addr:
            192.168.235.1
        remote_port:
            51039
master:
    ----------
    0:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.235.160
        local_port:
            22
        remote_addr:
            192.168.235.1
        remote_port:
            51078
    1:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.235.160
        local_port:
            22
        remote_addr:
            192.168.235.1
        remote_port:
            51013
    2:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.235.160
        local_port:
            39636
        remote_addr:
            192.168.235.160
        remote_port:
            4505
    3:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.235.160
        local_port:
            4505
        remote_addr:
            192.168.235.160
        remote_port:
            39636
    4:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.235.160
        local_port:
            22
        remote_addr:
            192.168.235.1
        remote_port:
            51076
    5:
        ----------
        local_addr:
            192.168.235.160
        local_port:
            4505
        remote_addr:
            192.168.235.172
        remote_port:
            46716

2.1.2 network.calc_net

通过IP和子网掩码计算出网段

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.calc_net 192.168.235.172 255.255.255.0
node1:
    192.168.235.0/24
master:
    192.168.235.0/24

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.calc_net 192.168.235.172 255.255.0.0
node1:
    192.168.0.0/16
master:
    192.168.0.0/16

2.1.3 network.connect

测试minion至某一台服务器的网络是否连通

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.connect baidu.com 80
node1:
    ----------
    comment:
        Successfully connected to baidu.com (220.181.38.251) on tcp port 80
    result:
        True
master:
    ----------
    comment:
        Successfully connected to baidu.com (220.181.38.251) on tcp port 80
    result:
        True

2.1.4 network.default_route

查看默认路由

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' network.default_route
node1:
    |_
      ----------
      addr_family:
          inet
      destination:
          0.0.0.0
      flags:
          UG
      gateway:
          192.168.235.2
      interface:
          ens33
      netmask:
          0.0.0.0

2.1.5 network.get_fqdn

查看主机的fqdn(完全限定域名)

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' network.get_fqdn
node1:
    node1

2.1.6 network.get_hostname

获取主机名

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.get_hostname
master:
    master
node1:
    node1

2.1.7 network.get_route

查询到一个目标网络的路由信息

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.get_route 192.168.235.172
node1:
    ----------
    destination:
        192.168.235.172
    gateway:
        None
    interface:
        lo
    source:
        192.168.235.172

2.1.8 network.hw_addr

返回指定网卡的MAC地址

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.hw_addr ens33
node1:
    00:0c:29:f9:f9:6a

2.1.9 network.ifacestartswith

从特定CIDR检索接口名称

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.ifacestartswith 192.168
node1:
    - ens33

2.1.10 network.in_subnet

判断当前主机是否在某一个网段内

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.in_subnet 192.168.235.0/24
node1:
    True

2.1.11 network.interface

返回指定网卡的信息

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.interface ens33
node1:
    |_
      ----------
      address:
          192.168.235.172
      broadcast:
          192.168.235.255
      label:
          ens33
      netmask:
          255.255.255.0

2.1.12 network.interface_ip

返回指定网卡的IP地址

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.interface_ip ens33
node1:
    192.168.235.172

2.1.13 network.interfaces

返回当前系统中所有的网卡信息

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.interfaces
node1:
    ----------
    ens33:
        ----------
        hwaddr:
            00:0c:29:f9:f9:6a
        inet:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  192.168.235.172
              broadcast:
                  192.168.235.255
              label:
                  ens33
              netmask:
                  255.255.255.0
        inet6:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  fe80::f0c5:7dad:6ced:2d9d
              prefixlen:
                  64
              scope:
                  link
        up:
            True
    lo:
        ----------
        hwaddr:
            00:00:00:00:00:00
        inet:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  127.0.0.1
              broadcast:
                  None
              label:
                  lo
              netmask:
                  255.0.0.0
        inet6:
            |_
              ----------
              address:
                  ::1
              prefixlen:
                  128
              scope:
                  host
        up:
            True

2.1.14 network.ip_addrs

返回一个IPv4的地址列表
该函数将会忽略掉127.0.0.1的地址

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.ip_addrs
node1:
    - 192.168.235.172

2.1.15 network.netstat

返回所有打开的端口和状态

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.netstat
node1:
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          28044
      local-address:
          192.168.235.172%ens33:68
      program:
          NetworkManager
      proto:
          udp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          192.168.235.254:67
      send-q:
          0
      user:
          0
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          25245
      local-address:
          127.0.0.1:323
      program:
          chronyd
      proto:
          udp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          0.0.0.0:*
      send-q:
          0
      user:
          0
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          25246
      local-address:
          [::1]:323
      program:
          chronyd
      proto:
          udp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          [::]:*
      send-q:
          0
      user:
          0
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          27661
      local-address:
          0.0.0.0:22
      program:
          sshd
      proto:
          tcp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          0.0.0.0:*
      send-q:
          128
      state:
          LISTEN
      user:
          0
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          100435
      local-address:
          192.168.235.172:46716
      program:
          salt-minion
      proto:
          tcp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          192.168.235.160:4505
      send-q:
          0
      state:
          ESTABLISHED
      user:
          0
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          0
      local-address:
          192.168.235.172:59592
      program:
      proto:
          tcp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          192.168.235.160:4506
      send-q:
          0
      state:
          TIME-WAIT
      user:
          0
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          30231
      local-address:
          192.168.235.172:22
      program:
          sshd
      proto:
          tcp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          192.168.235.1:51040
      send-q:
          0
      state:
          ESTABLISHED
      user:
          0
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          30189
      local-address:
          192.168.235.172:22
      program:
          sshd
      proto:
          tcp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          192.168.235.1:51039
      send-q:
          0
      state:
          ESTABLISHED
      user:
          0
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          27673
      local-address:
          [::]:22
      program:
          sshd
      proto:
          tcp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          [::]:*
      send-q:
          128
      state:
          LISTEN
      user:
          0
    |_
      ----------
      inode:
          26500
      local-address:
          *:80
      program:
          httpd
      proto:
          tcp
      recv-q:
          0
      remote-address:
          *:*
      send-q:
          128
      state:
          LISTEN
      user:
          0

2.1.16 network.ping

使用ping命令测试到某主机的连通性

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.ping baidu.com
node1:
    PING baidu.com (220.181.38.251) 56(84) bytes of data.
    
    --- baidu.com ping statistics ---
    4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3078ms

2.1.17 network.reverse_ip

返回一个指定的IP地址的反向地址

[root@master ~]# salt '*' network.reverse_ip 192.168.235.172
node1:
    172.235.168.192.in-addr.arpa

2.2 SaltStack常用模块之service

2.2.1 service.available

判断指定的服务是否可用

[root@master ~]#  salt '*' service.available sshd
node1:
    True
[root@master ~]# salt '*' service.available vsftpd
node1:
    False

2.2.2 service.get_all

获取所有正在运行的服务

[root@master ~]# salt '*' service.get_all

node1:
    - NetworkManager
    - NetworkManager-dispatcher
    - NetworkManager-wait-online
    - auditd
    - autovt@
    - basic.target
    - blk-availability
    - bluetooth.target
    - boot-complete.target
    - chrony-dnssrv@
    - chrony-dnssrv@.timer
    - chrony-wait
    - chronyd
    - console-getty
    - container-getty@
    - cpupower
    - crond

2.2.3 service.disabled

检查指定服务是否开机不自动启动

[root@master ~]# salt '*' service.disabled httpd
node1:
    False

2.2.4 service.enabled

检查指定服务是否开机自动启动

[root@master ~]# salt '*' service.enabled httpd
node1:
    True

2.2.5 service.disable

设置指定服务开机不自动启动

[root@master ~]# salt '*' service.disable httpd
node1:
    True
[root@master ~]# salt '*' service.enabled httpd
node1:
    False

2.2.6 service.enable

设置指定服务开机自动启动

[root@master ~]# salt '*' service.enable httpd
node1:
    True
    
[root@master ~]# salt '*' service.enabled httpd
node1:
    True

2.2.7 service.reload

重新加载指定服务

[root@master ~]# salt '*' service.reload httpd
node1:
    True

2.2.8 service.stop

停止指定服务

[root@master ~]# salt '*' service.stop httpd
node1:
    True

2.2.9 service.start

启动指定服务

[root@master ~]# salt '*' service.start httpd
node1:
    True

2.2.10 service.restart

重启指定服务

2.2.11 service.status

查看指定服务的状态

[root@master ~]# salt '*' service.restart httpd
node1:
    True

2.3 SaltStack常用模块之pkg

2.3.1 pkg.download

只下载软件包但不安装
此功能将会下载指定的软件包，但是需要在minion端安装yum-utils，可以使用 cmd.run 进行远程安装

[root@master ~]# salt '*' pkg.download wget
node1:
    ----------
    wget:
        /var/cache/yum/packages/wget-1.19.5-10.el8.x86_64.rpm   //下载好的软件放在这里

2.3.2 pkg.file_list

列出指定包或系统中已安装的所有包的文件

//列出已安装的apache软件包提供的所有文件
[root@master ~]# salt '*' pkg.file_list httpd
node1:
    ----------
    errors:
    files:
        - /etc/httpd/conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.d/autoindex.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.d/userdir.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-base.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-dav.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-lua.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-mpm.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-optional.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-proxy.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-systemd.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/01-cgi.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/README
        - /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
        - /etc/httpd/conf/magic

2.3.3 pkg.group_info

查看包组的信息

[root@master ~]# salt '*' pkg.group_info 'Development Tools'
node1:
    ----------
    conditional:
    default:
        - asciidoc
        - byacc
        - ctags
        - diffstat
        - elfutils-libelf-devel
        - git
        - intltool
        - jna
        - ltrace
        - patchutils
        - perl-Fedora-VSP
        - perl-Sys-Syslog
        - perl-generators
        - pesign
        - source-highlight
        - systemtap
        - valgrind
        - valgrind-devel
    description:
        A basic development environment.
    group:
        Development Tools
    id:
        None
    mandatory:
        - autoconf
        - automake
        - binutils
        - bison
        - flex
        - gcc
        - gcc-c++
        - gdb
        - glibc-devel
        - libtool
        - make
        - pkgconf
        - pkgconf-m4
        - pkgconf-pkg-config
        - redhat-rpm-config
        - rpm-build
        - rpm-sign
        - strace
    optional:
        - cmake
        - expect
        - rpmdevtools
        - rpmlint
    type:
        package group

2.3.4 pkg.group_list

列出系统中所有的包组

[root@master ~]# salt '*' pkg.group_list
node1:
    ----------
    available:
        - Backup Client
        - base-x
        - Conflicts AppStream
        - Container Management
        - Debugging Tools
        - Desktop Debugging and Performance Tools
        - .NET Core Development
        - FTP Server
        - GNOME Applications
        - Graphics Creation Tools
        - Guest Agents
        - Guest Desktop Agents
        - Input Methods
        - Internet Applications
        - Internet Browser
        - Java Platform
        - Legacy X Window System Compatibility
        - Multimedia
        - Office Suite and Productivity
        - Atomic Host ostree support
        - KVM platform specific packages
        - Hyper-v platform specific packages
        - Printing Client
        - Remote Desktop Clients
        - RPM Development Tools
        - TeX formatting system
        - Virtualization Client
        - Virtualization Hypervisor
        - Virtualization Platform
        - Virtualization Tools
        - Basic Web Server
        - Additional Development
        - Anaconda tools
        - Base
        - Conflicts BaseOS
        - Development Tools
        - Dial-up Networking Support
        - File and Storage Server
        - Fonts
        - GNOME
        - Graphical Administration Tools
        - Hardware Monitoring Utilities
        - Hardware Support
        - Headless Management
        - Infiniband Support
        - Large Systems Performance
        - Legacy UNIX Compatibility
        - Mail Server
        - Mainframe Access
        - Network File System Client
        - Network Servers
        - Networking Tools
        - Common NetworkManager submodules
        - Performance Tools
        - Platform Development
        - Python Web
        - Remote Management for Linux
        - Scientific Support
        - Security Tools
        - Server product core
        - Smart Card Support
        - Windows File Server
        - Standard
        - System Tools
        - Workstation product core
    available environments:
        - Server with GUI
        - Server
        - Workstation
        - Virtualization Host
        - Custom Operating System
    available languages:
        ----------
    installed:
        - VMware platform specific packages
        - Core
    installed environments:
        - Minimal Install

2.3.5 pkg.install

安装软件

[root@master ~]# salt '*' pkg.install wget
node1:
    ----------
    wget:
        ----------
        new:
            1.19.5-10.el8
        old:

2.3.6 pkg.list_downloaded

列出已下载到本地的软件包

[root@master ~]# salt '*' pkg.list_downloaded
node1:
    ----------

2.3.7 pkg.list_pkgs

以字典的方式列出当前已安装的软件包

[root@master ~]# salt '*' pkg.list_pkgs
node1:
    ----------
    NetworkManager:
        1:1.30.0-0.3.el8
    NetworkManager-libnm:
        1:1.30.0-0.3.el8
    NetworkManager-team:
        1:1.30.0-0.3.el8
    NetworkManager-tui:
        1:1.30.0-0.3.el8
    abattis-cantarell-fonts:
        0.0.25-4.el8
    acl:
        2.2.53-1.el8
    adwaita-cursor-theme:
        3.28.0-2.el8
    adwaita-icon-theme:
        3.28.0-2.el8
        ·····························

2.3.8 pkg.owner

列出指定文件是由哪个包提供的

[root@master ~]# salt '*' pkg.owner /usr/sbin/apachectl
node1:
    httpd
[root@master ~]# salt '*' pkg.owner /usr/sbin/apachectl /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
node1:
    ----------
    /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf:
        httpd
    /usr/sbin/apachectl:
        httpd

2.3.9 pkg.remove

卸载指定软件

[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'rpm -qa|grep wget'
node1:
    wget-1.19.5-10.el8.x86_64
[root@master ~]# salt '*' pkg.remove wget
node1:
    ----------
    wget:
        ----------
        new:
        old:
            1.19.5-10.el8
//若要卸载多个文件，中间需要用逗号隔开

2.3.10 pkg.upgrade

升级系统中所有的软件包或升级指定的软件包

[root@master ~]# salt '*' pkg.upgrade name=openssl
node1:
    ----------
    openssl:
        ----------
        new:
            1:1.1.1k-4.el8
        old:
            1:1.1.1g-11.el8
    openssl-libs:
        ----------
        new:
            1:1.1.1k-4.el8
        old:
            1:1.1.1g-11.el8

//若想升级系统中所有的软件包则把 name 参数去掉即可

2.4 SaltStack常用模块之state

2.4.1 state.show_highstate

显示当前系统中有哪些高级状态

[root@master ~]# salt '*' state.show_highstate
node1:
    ----------
    apache-install:
        ----------
        __env__:
            base
        __sls__:
            web.apache.install
        pkg:
            |_
              ----------
              name:
                  httpd
            - installed
            |_
              ----------
              order:
                  10000
    apache-service:
        ----------
        __env__:
            base
        __sls__:
            web.apache.install
        service:
            |_
              ----------
              name:
                  httpd
            |_
              ----------
              enable:
                  True
            - running
            |_
              ----------
              order:
                  10001

2.4.2 state.highstate

执行高级状态

[root@master ~]# salt '*' state.highstate web.apache.apache
node1:
----------
          ID: apache-install
    Function: pkg.installed
        Name: httpd
      Result: True
     Comment: All specified packages are already installed
     Started: 19:01:14.490789
    Duration: 587.158 ms
     Changes:   
----------
          ID: apache-service
    Function: service.running
        Name: httpd
      Result: True
     Comment: The service httpd is already running
     Started: 19:01:15.083009
    Duration: 52.102 ms
     Changes:   

Summary for node1
------------
Succeeded: 2
Failed:    0
------------
Total states run:     2
Total run time: 639.260 ms

2.4.3 state.show_state_usage

显示当前系统中的高级状态执行情况

[root@master ~]# salt '*' state.show_state_usage
node1:
    ----------
    base:
        ----------
        count_all:
            4
        count_unused:
            3
        count_used:
            1
        unused:
            - top
            - web.apache.apache
            - web.nginx.install
        used:
            - web.apache.install
    prod:
        ----------
        count_all:
            0
        count_unused:
            0
        count_used:
            0
        unused:
        used:
    test:
        ----------
        count_all:
            0
        count_unused:
            0
        count_used:
            0
        unused:
        used:

2.4.4 state.show_top

返回minion将用于highstate的顶级数据

[root@master ~]# salt '*' state.show_top
node1:
    ----------
    base:
        - web.apache.install

2.4.5 state.top

执行指定的top file，而不是默认的

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' state.top test.sls
node1:
----------
          ID: httpd_install
    Function: pkg.installed
        Name: httpd
      Result: True
     Comment: All specified packages are already installed
     Started: 03:57:43.469124
    Duration: 421.665 ms
     Changes:   
----------
          ID: httpd_service
    Function: service.running
        Name: httpd
      Result: True
     Comment: The service httpd is already running
     Started: 03:57:43.892584
    Duration: 44.345 ms
     Changes:   

Summary for node1
------------
Succeeded: 2
Failed:    0
------------
Total states run:     2
Total run time: 466.010 ms

2.4.6 state.show_sls

显示 master 上特定sls或sls文件列表中的状态数据

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' state.show_sls web.httpd.install
node1:
    ----------
    httpd_install:
        ----------
        __env__:
            base
        __sls__:
            web.httpd.install
        pkg:
            |_
              ----------
              name:
                  httpd
            - installed
            |_
              ----------
              order:
                  10000
    httpd_service:
        ----------
        __env__:
            base
        __sls__:
            web.httpd.install
        service:
            |_
              ----------
              name:
                  httpd
            |_
              ----------
              enable:
                  True
            - running
            |_
              ----------
              order:
                  10001

2.5 SaltStack常用模块之uesr

2.5.1 user.add

salt '*' user.add name <uid> <gid> <groups> <home> <shell>

创建用户

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' user.add weixiaoya
node1:
    True

//node1上查看
[root@node1 ~]# id weixiaoya
uid=1001(weixiaoya) gid=1001(weixiaoya) 组=1001(weixiaoya)

2.5.2 user.chgid

更改用户的默认组

[root@master ~]#  salt 'node1' user.chgid weixiaoya 1000
node1:
    True

[root@node1 ~]# id weixiaoya
uid=1001(weixiaoya) gid=1000(wxy) 组=1000(wxy)

2.5.3 user.chgroups

更改用户的所属组

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' user.chgroups weixiaoya weixiaoya
node1:
    True

[root@node1 ~]# id weixiaoya
uid=1001(weixiaoya) gid=1000(wxy) 组=1000(wxy),1001(weixiaoya)

2.5.4 user.chhome

更改用户的家目录，如果旧的家目录存在，则将家目录的文件移动到新的家目录

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' user.chhome weixiaoya /home/wxy
node1:
    True

2.5.5 user.chuid

更改指定用户的uid

[root@master ~]# salt node1 user.chuid weixiaoya 1024
node1:
    True
    
 [root@node1 ~]# id weixiaoya
uid=1024(weixiaoya) gid=1000(wxy) 组=1000(wxy),1001(weixiaoya)

2.5.6 user.delete

从minion中删除一个用户

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' user.delete weixiaoya
node1:
    True
    
[root@node1 ~]# id weixiaoya
id: “weixiaoya”：无此用户

2.5.7 user.rename

更改用户名

[root@node1 ~]# id luohuan
uid=1001(luohuan) gid=1002(lhh) 组=1002(lhh)

[root@master ~]# salt node1 user.rename luohuan yaya
node1:
	True

[root@node1 ~]# id luohuan
id: “luohuan”：无此用户

[root@node1 ~]# id yaya
uid=1001(yaya) gid=1002(lhh) 组=1002(lhh)

2.6 SaltStack常用模块之salt-cp

salt-cp能够很方便的把 master 上的文件批量传到 minion上

//拷贝单个文件到目标主机的/usr/src目录下
[root@master ~]#  salt '*' cmd.run 'ls /usr/src/'
node1:
    debug
    kernels

[root@master ~]# salt-cp '*' /etc/passwd /usr/src/
master:
    ----------
    /usr/src/passwd:
        True
[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls /usr/src'
node1:
    debug
    kernels
    passwd

//拷贝多个文件到目标主机的/usr/src目录下   
[root@master ~]# salt-cp '*' /etc/shadow /etc/group /usr/src
node1:
    ----------
    /usr/src/group:
        True
    /usr/src/shadow:
        True
[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls /usr/src'
node1:
    debug
    group
    kernels
    passwd
    shadow

2.7 SaltStack常用模块之file

2.7.1 file.access

检查指定路径是否存在

[root@node1 ~]# ls /usr/src/
debug  group  kernels  passwd  shadow

[root@master ~]# salt node1 file.access /usr/src/debug f
node1:
    True
[root@master ~]# salt node1 file.access /usr/src/yaya f
node1:
    False

检查指定文件的权限信息

[root@node1 ~]# ll /usr/src/
总用量 12
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 5月  19 2020 debug
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  513 11月  4 18:20 group
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 5月  19 2020 kernels

[root@master ~]# salt node1 file.access /usr/src/debug r	//是否有读权限
node1:
    True
[root@master ~]# salt node1 file.access /usr/src/debug w	//是否有写权限
node1:
    True
[root@master ~]# salt node1 file.access /usr/src/debug x	//是否有执行权限
node1:
    True

2.7.2 file.append

往一个文件里追加内容，若此文件不存在则会报异常

[root@node1 ~]# ll hh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2 11月  4 18:29 hh

[root@master ~]# salt node1 file.append /root/hh "hello" "yaya"
node1:
    Wrote 2 lines to "/root/hh"
    
[root@node1 ~]# cat hh
hello
yaya

[root@node1 ~]# ll hh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 11月  4 18:32 hh

2.7.3 file.basename

获取指定路径的基名

[root@master ~]# salt node1 file.basename '/usr/src/debug'
node1:
    debug

2.7.4 file.dirname

获取指定路径的目录名

[root@master ~]# salt node1 file.dirname '/usr/src/debug'
node1:
    /usr/src

2.7.5 file.check_hash

检查指定的文件与hash字符串是否匹配，匹配则返回 True 否则返回 False

[root@node1 ~]# md5sum /etc/passwd
3735b6645a321bf2971d5a9a718937e1  /etc/passwd
[root@master ~]# salt node1 file.check_hash /etc/passwd 3735b6645a321bf2971d5a9a718937e1
node1:
    True

2.7.6 file.chattr

修改指定文件的属性

属性	对文件的意义	对目录的意义
a	只允许在这个文件之后追加数据，不允许任何进程覆盖或截断这个文件	只允许在这个目录下建立和修改文件，而不允许删除任何文件
i	不允许对这个文件进行任何的修改，不能删除、更改、移动	任何的进程只能修改目录之下的文件，不允许建立和删除文件

给指定文件添加属性

//查看当前属性
[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'lsattr /root'
node1:
    -------------------- /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
    -------------------- /root/yaya
    -------------------- /root/hh

//添加属性
[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.chattr /root/hh operator=add attributes=ai
node1:
    True

给指定文件去除属性

[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.chattr /root/hh operator=remove attributes=i
node1:
    True

[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'lsattr /root'
node1:
    -------------------- /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
    -------------------- /root/yaya
    -----a-------------- /root/hh

2.7.7 file.chown

设置指定文件的属主、属组信息

[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/'
node1:
    total 8
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1244 Nov  1 16:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   13 Nov  4 18:32 hh
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root root    6 Nov  4 18:29 yaya

[root@master ~]# salt node1 file.chown /root/yaya tom tom
node1:
    None
    
 [root@master ~]# salt node1 cmd.run 'ls -l /root/'
node1:
    total 8
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1244 Nov  1 16:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   13 Nov  4 18:32 hh
    drwxr-xr-x  2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 18:29 yaya

2.7.8 file.copy

在远程主机上复制文件或目录

拷贝文件

[root@node1 ~]# ll
总用量 8
-rw-------. 1 root root 1244 11月  1 16:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   13 11月  4 18:32 hh
drwxr-xr-x  2 tom  tom     6 11月  4 18:29 yaya

[root@master ~]# salt node1 file.copy /root/hh /root/ww
node1:
    True
    
[root@node1 ~]# ll
总用量 12
-rw-------. 1 root root 1244 11月  1 16:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   13 11月  4 18:32 hh
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   13 11月  4 18:50 ww
drwxr-xr-x  2 tom  tom     6 11月  4 18:29 yaya

[root@node1 ~]# ll
total 12
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   14 Nov  4 02:49 abc
-rw-------. 1 root root 1181 Sep 27 05:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   14 Nov  4 02:27 test

[root@master ~]# salt node1 file.copy /tmp /root/123 recurse=True
node1:
    True
    
[root@node1 ~]# ll
total 16
drwxrwxrwt. 14 root root 4096 Nov  4 02:52 123
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   14 Nov  4 02:49 abc
-rw-------.  1 root root 1181 Sep 27 05:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   14 Nov  4 02:27 test

删除目标目录中同名的文件或目录并拷贝新内容至其中

[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/abc'
192.168.69.202:
    total 336
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root      6 Feb 24 15:02 abc
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root   1259 Feb 24 15:02 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 219068 Feb 24 15:02 libevent-2.0.21-4.el7.x86_64.rpm
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root  86564 Feb 24 15:02 libevent-devel-2.0.21-4.el7.x86_64.rpm
    drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root     17 Feb 24 15:02 systemd-private-07ec2f23d5a348e5b7cf1d1c0799ebd4-httpd.service-qGPJuL
    drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root     17 Feb 24 15:02 systemd-private-07ec2f23d5a348e5b7cf1d1c0799ebd4-vgauthd.service-8p0jur
    drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root     17 Feb 24 15:02 systemd-private-07ec2f23d5a348e5b7cf1d1c0799ebd4-vmtoolsd.service-ouRK2O
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root      6 Feb 24 15:02 systemd-private-07ec2f23d5a348e5b7cf1d1c0799ebd4-vmtoolsd.service-ouRK2Ovmware-root
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root    493 Feb 24 15:02 yum_save_tx.2019-02-22.14-22.RXRzka.yumtx
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root  22692 Feb 24 15:02 zabbix_agentd.log
[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /opt/abc'
192.168.69.202:
    total 0
    drwx------. 3 root root 17 Jan  7 16:41 systemd-private-fdaaf26c12984e209f544671b67c1951-vgauthd.service-kI2C1K
    drwx------. 3 root root 17 Jan  7 16:41 systemd-private-fdaaf26c12984e209f544671b67c1951-vmtoolsd.service-ZzRiqC
    
    
//拷贝目录
[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.copy /opt/abc/ /root/abc/ recurse=True remove_existing=True
192.168.69.202:
    True
[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/abc'
192.168.69.202:
    total 0
    drwx------. 3 root root 17 Jan  7 16:41 systemd-private-fdaaf26c12984e209f544671b67c1951-vgauthd.service-kI2C1K
    drwx------. 3 root root 17 Jan  7 16:41 systemd-private-fdaaf26c12984e209f544671b67c1951-vmtoolsd.service-ZzRiqC

2.7.9 file.ditectory_exists

判断指定目录是否存在，存在则返回 True ，否则返回 False

[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /opt'
node1:
    total 0

[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.directory_exists /opt/abc
node1:
    False

2.7.10 file.file_exists

判断指定文件是否存在

[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.file_exists /root/hh
node1:
    True

[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.file_exists /root/yaya
node1:
    False

2.7.11 file.find

类似 find 命令并返回符合指定条件的路径列表
The options include match criteria:

name    = path-glob                 # 区分大小写
iname   = path-glob                 # 不区分大小写
regex   = path-regex                # 区分大小写
iregex  = path-regex                # 不区分大小写
type    = file-types                # 匹配任何列出的类型
user    = users                     # 匹配任何列出的用户
group   = groups                    # 匹配任何列出的组
size    = [+-]number[size-unit]     # 默认单位=字节
mtime   = interval                  # 从日期开始修改
grep    = regex                     # 搜索文件内容

and/or actions:

delete [= file-types]               # default type = 'f'
exec    = command [arg ...]         # where {} is replaced by pathname
print  [= print-opts]

and/or depth criteria:

maxdepth = maximum depth to transverse in path
mindepth = minimum depth to transverse before checking files or directories

The default action is print=path

path-glob:

*                = 匹配零个或多个字符
?                = 匹配任意字符
[abc]            = 匹配a, b或c
[!abc] or [^abc] = 匹配除a, b, c之外的任何东西
[x-y]            = 匹配字符x到y
[!x-y] or [^x-y] = 匹配除了字符x到y以外的任何字符
{a,b,c}          = 匹配 a or b or c

path-regex: a Python Regex (regular expression) pattern to match pathnames

file-types: a string of one or more of the following:

a: all file types
b: block device
c: character device
d: directory
p: FIFO (named pipe)
f: plain file
l: symlink
s: socket
--------------------
a: 所有文件类型
b: 块设备
c: 字符设备
d: 目录
p: FIFO(命名管道)
f: 普通文件
l: 符号链接
s: 套接字

users: a space and/or comma separated list of user names and/or uids

groups: a space and/or comma separated list of group names and/or gids

size-unit:

b: bytes
k: kilobytes
m: megabytes
g: gigabytes
t: terabytes

interval:

[<num>w] [<num>d] [<num>h] [<num>m] [<num>s]

where:
    w: week
    d: day
    h: hour
    m: minute
    s: second

print-opts: a comma and/or space separated list of one or more of the following:

group: :组名
md5:   文件内容的md5摘要
mode:  文件权限(以整数形式)
mtime: 最后一次修改时间(as time_t)
name:  file basename
path:  文件的绝对路径
size:  以字节为单位的文件大小
type:  文件类型
user:  用户名

示例：

salt '*' file.find / type=f name=\*.bak size=+10m
    
salt '*' file.find /var mtime=+30d（30天以前文件被修改的时间） size=+10m print=path,size,mtime
salt '*' file.find /var/log name=\*.[0-9] mtime=+30d size=+10m delete

2.7.12 file.get_gid

获取指定文件的gid

[root@master ~]#  salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/hh'
node1:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 Nov  4 18:32 /root/hh
[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.get_gid /root/hh
node1:
    0

2.7.13 file.get_group

获取指定文件的组名

[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/hh'
node1:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 Nov  4 18:32 /root/hh

[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.get_group /root/hh
node1:
    root

2.7.14 file.get_hash

获取指定文件的hash值，该值通过 sha256 算法得来

[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'sha256sum /root/hh'
node1:
    51cbfc85c15e0916ac9ca96c357b514385d61f58ef200d0be919d36e6bae31fc  /root/hh
[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.get_hash /root/hh
node1:
    51cbfc85c15e0916ac9ca96c357b514385d61f58ef200d0be919d36e6bae31fc

2.7.15 file.get_mode

获取指定文件的权限，以数字方式显示

[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/hh'
node1:
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 Nov  4 18:32 /root/hh
    
[root@master ~]#  salt '*' file.get_mode /root/hh
node1:
    0644

2.7.16 file.get_selinux_context

获取指定文件的 SELINUX 上下文信息

# 获取/varlog目录的上下文
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.get_selinux_context /var/log
node1:
    system_u:object_r:var_log_t:s0
  
# 获取/root/目录的上下文  
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.get_selinux_context /root/
node1:
    system_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0

2.7.18 file.get_sum

按照指定的算法计算指定文件的特征码并显示，默认使用的sha256算法。
该函数可使用的算法参数有：

md5
sha1
sha224
sha256 (default)
sha384
sha512

[root@master ~]#  salt 'node1' file.get_sum /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
node1:
    49d17066363644a212d3b3e6874bbfe63d16a107d693d90bacb88d4a90f85ebb
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.get_sum /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf md5
node1:
    58b5c2fed6c4f0731b258eff25e7b5e1
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.get_sum /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf sha512
node1:
    c51c29687d0c6fd19fb7bbf4e3b61fbdf7c056b92572cb3d0c6a8f9ad58d80b7961c44c595c1351f75ac2e86ce86d978b260ac0d04dfcec20752b971510fcb5a
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.get_sum /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf sha224
node1:
    4d4f8f5c7f0a6a369ebb2f896c433fe897ec0bf96e7032d5f45a649b

2.7.19 file.get_uid与file.get_user

获取指定文件的 uid 或用户名

# 获取/root/test.sh的uid
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.get_uid /root/test.sh
node1:
    1112
   
# 获取/root/test.sh的用户 
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.get_user /root/test.sh
node1:
    alice
   
# 获取/root/test.sh的gid   
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.get_gid /root/test.sh
node1:
    1112
  
# 获取/root/test.sh的组 
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.get_group /root/test.sh
node1:
    harry

2.7.20 file.gid_to_group

将指定的 gid 转换为组名并显示

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.gid_to_group 0
node1:
    root

2.7.21 file.group_to_gid

将指定的组名转换为 gid 并显示

[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.group_to_gid root
node1:
    0
    
[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.group_to_gid tom
node1:
    1003

2.7.22 file.grep

在指定文件中检索指定内容
该函数支持通配符，若在指定的路径中用通配符则必须用双引号引起来

salt '*' file.grep /etc/passwd nobody
salt '*' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 ipaddr -- -i
salt '*' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 ipaddr -- -i -B2
salt '*' file.grep "/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/*" ipaddr -- -i -l

# 在/etc/passwd文件中查找以root开头的
[root@master ~]#  salt 'node1' file.grep /etc/passwd "^root"
node1:
    ----------
    pid:
        267952
    retcode:
        0
    stderr:
    stdout:
        root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
        
# 查找指定文件中的ipaddr 忽略大小写
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 ipaddr -- -i
node1:
    ----------
    pid:
        323676
    retcode:
        0
    stderr:
    stdout:
        IPADDR=192.168.235.172
# 查找指定文件中的ipaddr 忽略大小写更详细显示        
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 ipaddr -- -il
node1:
    ----------
    pid:
        324061
    retcode:
        0
    stderr:
    stdout:
        /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33  
        
  
 # 查找指定文件中的ipaddr 忽略大小写并显示后两行
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 ipaddr -- -i -A2
node1:
    ----------
    pid:
        326627
    retcode:
        0
    stderr:
    stdout:
        IPADDR=192.168.220.10
        GATEWAY=192.168.220.2
        NETMASK=255.255.255.0
 
 # 查找指定文件中的ipaddr 忽略大小写并显示前两行
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 ipaddr -- -i -B2
node1:
    ----------
    pid:
        327128
    retcode:
        0
    stderr:
    stdout:
        DEVICE=ens33
        ONBOOT=yes
        IPADDR=192.168.220.10
        
# 查找指定文件中的ipaddr 忽略大小写并显示前后两行  
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 ipaddr -- -i -C2
node1:
    ----------
    pid:
        327683
    retcode:
        0
    stderr:
    stdout:
        DEVICE=ens33
        ONBOOT=yes
        IPADDR=192.168.235.172
        GATEWAY=192.168.235.2
        NETMASK=255.255.255.0

2.7.23 file.is_blkdev

判断指定的文件是否是块设备文件

[root@master ~]# salt '*' cmd.run 'ls -l /dev/sr0'
node1:
    brw-rw---- 1 root cdrom 11, 0 Nov  4 16:50 /dev/sr0
[root@master ~]# salt '*' file.is_blkdev /dev/sr0
node1:
    True

2.7.24 file.lsattr

检查并显示出指定文件的属性信息

# 查看属性
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'lsattr /etc/passwd'
node1:
    -------------------- /etc/passwd

# 添加属性a
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1'  cmd.run 'chattr +a /etc/passwd'
node1:

# 查看添加结果
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'lsattr /etc/passwd'
node1:
    -----a-------------- /etc/passwd
    
# 删除添加的属性a
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1'  cmd.run 'chattr -a /etc/passwd'
node1:

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'lsattr /etc/passwd'
node1:
    -------------------- /etc/passwd

2.7.25 file.mkdir

创建目录并设置属主、属组及权限

# 创建目录/opt/hehe 属主为root  属组为alice 权限为755
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.mkdir /opt/hehe root alice 755
node1:
    True
    
# 查看创建的/opt/hehe
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'ls -l /opt/'
node1:
    total 4
    drwxr-xr-x 3 root root   34 Nov  4 02:19 123
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1023 Nov  4 00:54 anaconda-ks.cfg
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root    6 Nov  4 03:48 hehe

2.7.26 file.move

移动或重命名

重命名

[root@master ~]# salt node1 cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 12
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   66 Nov  4 02:54 123
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 Nov  4 03:38 aaa
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root   14 Nov  4 02:49 abc
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1181 Sep 27 05:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
    drwxrwxrwx. 2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 03:38 bbb
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root   14 Nov  4 02:27 test
[root@master ~]# salt node1 file.move /root/bbb /root/ccc
node1:
    ----------
    comment:
        '/root/bbb' moved to '/root/ccc'
    result:
        True
[root@master ~]# salt node1 cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 12
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   66 Nov  4 02:54 123
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 Nov  4 03:38 aaa
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root   14 Nov  4 02:49 abc
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1181 Sep 27 05:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
    drwxrwxrwx. 2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 03:38 ccc
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root   14 Nov  4 02:27 test

移动

[root@master ~]# salt node1 cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 12
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   66 Nov  4 02:54 123
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 Nov  4 03:38 aaa
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root   14 Nov  4 02:49 abc
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1181 Sep 27 05:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
    drwxrwxrwx. 2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 03:38 ccc
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root   14 Nov  4 02:27 test 
[root@master ~]# salt node1 cmd.run 'ls -l /opt'
node1:
    total 0
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 66 Nov  4 02:54 123
[root@master ~]# salt node1 file.move /root/ccc /opt/
node1:
    ----------
    comment:
        '/root/ccc' moved to '/opt/'
    result:
        True
[root@master ~]# salt node1 cmd.run 'ls -l /opt'
node1:
    total 0
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 66 Nov  4 02:54 123
    drwxrwxrwx. 2 tom  tom   6 Nov  4 03:38 ccc

2.7.27 file.prepend

把文本插入指定文件的开头

# 查看/root/test.sh文本内容
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'cat /root/test.sh'
node1:   
    echo "hello world"
    xixi
    hehe
    
# 在/root/tests.h/前面加上内容查看
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.prepend /root/test.sh xixi hehe
node1:
    Prepended 2 lines to "/root/test.sh"

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'cat /root/test.sh'
node1:
    xixi
    hehe    
    echo "hello world"
    xixi
    hehe

2.7.28 file.sed

修改文本文件的内容

# 查看，将xixi改为jjyy
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'cat /root/test.sh'
node1:
    xixi
    hehe    
    echo "hello world"
    xixi
    hehe
    
# 执行并查看    
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.sed /root/test.sh xixi jjyy
node1:
    ----------
    pid:
        31777
    retcode:
        0
    stderr:
    stdout:
    
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'cat /root/test.sh'
node1:
    jjyy
    hehe
    echo "hello world"
    jjyy
    hehe    
    
# 指定修改
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.sed /root/test.sh jjyy xixi flags=1
node1:
    ----------
    pid:
        42402
    retcode:
        0
    stderr:
    stdout:

# 查看    
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'cat /root/test.sh'
node1:
    xixi
    hehe
    echo "hello world"
    xixi
    hehe

2.7.29 file.read

读取文件内容

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.read '/root/wxy.sh'
node1:
    loveu
    wenwen
     echo "hello world"
     yaya
     huanhuan

2.7.30 file.readdir

列出指定目录下的所有文件或目录，包括隐藏文件

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.readdir '/root/'
node1:
    - .
    - ..
    - .bash_logout
    - .bash_profile
    - .bashrc
    - .cshrc
    - .tcshrc
    - anaconda-ks.cfg
    - .config
    - .bash_history
    - yaya
    - hh
    - .viminfo
    - test.sh.bak
    - wxy.sh
    - wxy

2.7.31 file.remove
删除指定的文件或目录，若给出的是目录，将递归删除

# 创建递归目录查看
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'mkdir -p a/b/c/d/e/f'
node1:

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'tree a'
node1:
    a
    `-- b
        `-- c
            `-- d
                `-- e
                    `-- f
    
    5 directories, 0 files
   
# 执行删除
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.remove /root/a
node1:
    True

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'ls /root'
node1:
    anaconda-ks.cfg
    test.sh
    
# 创建文件后删除
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 12
    -rw-------. 1 root  root  1023 Nov  4 01:58 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--  1 root  root     0 Nov  5 04:15 hello
    -rw-r--r--  1 alice harry   39 Nov  5 04:07 test.sh
    
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.remove /root/hello
node1:
    True
    
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 12
    -rw-------. 1 root  root  1023 Nov  4 01:58 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--  1 alice harry   39 Nov  5 04:07 test.sh

2.7.32 file.rename

重命名文件或目录

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'ls /root'
node1:
    anaconda-ks.cfg
    hh
    test.sh.bak
    wxy
    wxy.sh
    yaya
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.rename /root/wxy.sh /root/hyhy.shnode1:
    True
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'ls /root'
node1:
    anaconda-ks.cfg
    hh
    hyhy.sh
    test.sh.bak
    wxy
    yaya

2.7.33 file.set_mode

给指定文件设置权限

# 查看
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 8
    -rw-------. 1 root  root  1023 Nov  4 01:58 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--  1 alice harry   39 Nov  5 04:07 hehe.sh
    
# 设置权限
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.set_mode /root/hehe.sh 755
node1:
    0755
    
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 8
    -rw-------. 1 root  root  1023 Nov  4 01:58 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rwxr-xr-x  1 alice harry   39 Nov  5 04:07 hehe.sh

2.7.34 file.symlink

给指定的文件创建软链接

[root@master ~]#  salt 'node1' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 16
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1244 Nov  1 16:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   13 Nov  4 18:32 hh
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   50 Nov  7 09:58 test.sh.bak
    -rwxr-xr-x  1 root root   49 Nov  7 09:59 wxy.sh
    drwxr-xr-x  2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 18:29 yaya
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.symlink /root/wxy.sh /root/wxy
node1:
    True
[root@master ~]#  salt 'node1' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 16
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1244 Nov  1 16:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   13 Nov  4 18:32 hh
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   50 Nov  7 09:58 test.sh.bak
    lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   12 Nov  7 10:35 wxy -> /root/wxy.sh
    -rwxr-xr-x  1 root root   49 Nov  7 09:59 wxy.sh
    drwxr-xr-x  2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 18:29 yaya

2.7.35 file.touch

创建空文件或更新时间戳

# 查看并创建一个文件在/root下
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 8
    -rw-------. 1 root  root  1023 Nov  4 01:58 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rwxr-xr-x  1 alice harry   39 Nov  5 04:07 hehe.sh
    lrwxrwxrwx  1 root  root    13 Nov  5 04:24 hello -> /root/hehe.sh
 
# 创建查看 
 [root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.touch /root/word
node1:
    True
    
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 8
    -rw-------. 1 root  root  1023 Nov  4 01:58 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rwxr-xr-x  1 alice harry   39 Nov  5 04:07 hehe.sh
    lrwxrwxrwx  1 root  root    13 Nov  5 04:24 hello -> /root/hehe.sh
    -rw-r--r--  1 root  root     0 Nov  5 04:27 word   
    
 # 对一个已经存在的文件更新时间戳
 # 查看时间
 [root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 8
    -rw-------. 1 root  root  1023 Nov  4 01:58 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rwxr-xr-x  1 alice harry   39 Nov  5 04:07(时间) hehe.sh
    lrwxrwxrwx  1 root  root    13 Nov  5 04:24 hello -> /root/hehe.sh
    -rw-r--r--  1 root  root     0 Nov  5 04:27 word
  
# 更新时间戳/root/hehe.sh  
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.touch /root/hehe.sh
node1:
    True
 
# 查看 
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 8
    -rw-------. 1 root  root  1023 Nov  4 01:58 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rwxr-xr-x  1 alice harry   39 Nov  5 04:29(时间更新) hehe.sh
    lrwxrwxrwx  1 root  root    13 Nov  5 04:24 hello -> /root/hehe.sh
    -rw-r--r--  1 root  root     0 Nov  5 04:27 word

2.7.36 file.uid_to_user

将指定的 uid 转换成用户名显示出来

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.user_to_uid tom
node1:
    1002
[root@master ~]#  salt 'node1' file.user_to_uid root
node1:
    0

2.7.38 file.write

往一个指定的文件里覆盖写入指定内容


[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 20
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1244 Nov  1 16:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   13 Nov  4 18:32 hh
    -rwxr-xr-x  1 root root   49 Nov  7 09:59 hyhy.sh
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   50 Nov  7 09:58 test.sh.bak
    lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   12 Nov  7 10:35 wxy -> /root/wxy.sh
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   14 Nov  7 11:17 wxy.sh
    drwxr-xr-x  2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 18:29 yaya
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.write /root/lhh "xixi" "haha" "wxy"
node1:
    Wrote 3 lines to "/root/lhh"
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' cmd.run 'ls -l /root'
node1:
    total 24
    -rw-------. 1 root root 1244 Nov  1 16:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   13 Nov  4 18:32 hh
    -rwxr-xr-x  1 root root   49 Nov  7 09:59 hyhy.sh
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   14 Nov  7 11:18 lhh
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   50 Nov  7 09:58 test.sh.bak
    lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   12 Nov  7 10:35 wxy -> /root/wxy.sh
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   14 Nov  7 11:17 wxy.sh
    drwxr-xr-x  2 tom  tom     6 Nov  4 18:29 yaya

[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.read  '/root/lhh'
node1:
    xixi
    haha
    wxy
 覆盖写入刚创建的/root/lhh文件
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.write /root/lhh  'loveu'
node1:
    Wrote 1 lines to "/root/lhh"
[root@master ~]# salt 'node1' file.read  '/root/lhh'
node1:
    loveu