JavaWeb学习笔记-spring-06-ioc-基于注解配置

基于注解配置

Spring容器成功启动的三大要件

• Bean定义信息
• Bean实现类
• Spring本身

@Component("userDao")
public class UserDao{
}

等效于

<bean id="userDao" class="com.smart.UserDao">

• @Commonent
• @Repository//dao
• @Service//service
• @Controller//controller

<?xml vsersion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--context命名空间，通过扫描类包以应用注解定义bean-->
<benas xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/benas"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w2.org/2001/XMLScheam-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLoaction="http://www.springframework.org/schema/benas
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/benas/spring-benas-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.smart.anno"/>
</beans>

<!--resource-pattern属性过滤出特定的类，默认**/*.class-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.smart" resource-pattern="anno/*.class"/>

<context:component-scan base-package="com.smart">
    <!--包含目标类，可拥有若干include-filter-->
    <context:include-filter type="regex" expression="com\.smart\.anno.*"/>
    <!--排除目标类，可拥有若干exclude-filter-->
    <context:exclude-filter type="aspectj" expression="com.smart..*Controller+"/>
</context:component-scan>

include-filter/exclude-filter支持多类型过滤表达式
类别 示例
annotation com.smart.XxxAnnotation//所有标注了XxxAnnotation的类
assignable com.smart.XxxService//所有继承或扩展XxxService的类
aspectj com.smart..*Service+//所有类名以Service结束的类及继承或扩展的类
regex com.smart.anno..*//所有anno类包下的类
custom com.smart.XxxTypeFilter//实现TypeFilter接口，采用XxxTypeFile过滤规则

自动装配bean

//@Service标注bean
@Service
public class LogonService{
    //按默认类型匹配的方式，在容器中查找匹配bean
    @Autowired
    private LogDao logDao;
    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;
}

@Autowired的required属性

@Service
public class LogonService{
    //如果没有匹配的bean，spring启动时将报错
    //required=false标注，不抛出异常,默认为true
    @Autowired(required=false)
    private LogDao logDao;
    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;
}

@Qualifier

@Service
public class LogonService{
    @Autowired
    private LogDao logDao;
    //Qualifier指定注入bean名称
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("userDao")
    private UserDao userDao;
}

对方法进行标注

@Service
public class LogonService{
    private LogDao logDao;
    private UserDao userDao;
    @Autowired
    public void setLogDao(LogDao logDao){
        this.logDao logDao;
    }
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("userDao")
    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao){
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }
}

@Autowired
public void init(@Qualifier("userDao")UserDao userDao,LogDao logDao){
    this.userDao = userDao;
    this.logDao = logDao;
}

对集合进行标注

@Component
public class MyComponent{
    //spring会将容器内所有类型为plugin的bean注入
    @Autowired(required = false)
    private List<Plugin> plugins;
    public List<Plugin> getPligins(){
        return plugins;
    }
}