“First do no harm” is the most universally recognised phrase of the Hippocratic oath which, interestingly, never appears once. It’s certainly not in the original and rarely appears even in revised versions. It persists through pop culture because it succinctly, if not exactly, summarises the general version of a detailed set of ideals. Ideals which deserve a spot in modern complex fields too.
“首先不伤害”是希波克拉底誓言中最普遍认可的词组，有趣的是，它从未出现过一次。 它肯定不是原始版本，甚至在修订版本中也很少出现。 它在流行文化中一直存在，因为它简洁地(如果不是确切的话)总结了一套详细的理想的一般版本。 在现代复杂领域中也应有的理想。
The Hippocratic oath was falling out of use in the medical profession until relatively recently. It wasn’t until the 1940s, in the aftermath of World War II, professional bodies had cause and motivation to re-examine medical ethics in light of world events. The Deceleration of Geneva, a set of modernised ethics and standard designed to replace the oath, were made official by 1948 and revised continuously since. Medical schools have increasingly adopted either the Hippocratic oath in it’s original or revised versions, or the declaration instead for graduating students ever since.
希波克拉底誓言直到最近才在医学界逐渐消失。 直到1940年代，在第二次世界大战之后，专业机构才有理由和动机根据世界大事重新审查医学伦理。 旨在取代宣誓的一套现代道德和标准日内瓦《减法令》于1948年正式生效，此后不断修订。 从那时起，医学院开始越来越多地采用希波克拉底誓言的原始版本或修订版本，或者宣布改为毕业的学生。
In the same period, the ethics and morals of every branch of science was being closely looked at too. Development of weapons catastrophically more powerful and destructive than anything we had seen before changed the perception of mathematics, physics, and engineering in a permanent way.
在同一时期，科学的每个分支的伦理和道德也受到了密切关注。 武器的发展比我们以前看到的任何事物都具有灾难性的强大和破坏性，从而永久地改变了对数学，物理学和工程学的认识。
今天的道德问题 (Ethical Questions Today)
Software engineering in the modern day has just as much, if not more, cause to examine its own ethics and morals now. Questions are raised by the field simply by the massive number of people impacted by and reliant on computer tech now.
当今的软件工程甚至有更多(甚至更多)的原因可以用来考察其自身的道德和道德。 仅仅由于现在受计算机技术影响和依赖的人数众多，该领域就提出了问题。
Of course, nothing we build is so instantly destructive or monumentally deadly as the atomic bomb. However, the systems and platforms we construct today change our behaviour, habits, interests, and interactions in a very major way. Almost every aspect of day-to-day life now is an app, platform, or software system at heart. Best intentions and good conscience should be the minimum we demand of their developers.
当然，我们制造的任何东西都不会像原子弹那样立即造成破坏性或致命性的死亡。 但是，我们今天构建的系统和平台在很大程度上改变了我们的行为，习惯，兴趣和互动。 现在，几乎日常生活的每个方面都以应用程序，平台或软件系统为核心。 最好的意图和良好的良心应该是我们对开发人员的最低要求。
Yet, the apps and games available on stores now are knowingly and openly guilty of building gambling mechanics for children, using deceit and tricks to elicit payment within apps, and using shame and guilt techniques to drive upgrades and app-purchases. If an examination of the ethics and conscience of the wider profession was ever due, it was probably before it had an audience more than a billion large.
然而，现在商店中可用的应用程序和游戏是有意公开地犯有为儿童建立赌博机制，使用欺骗和trick俩在应用程序内进行支付，以及使用羞耻和内techniques技术来推动升级和购买应用程序的行为。 如果要对更广泛的职业的道德和良心进行一次审查，那么它的听众人数可能超过十亿。
These impacts are before we’ve even considered the way data is processed and users are manipulated from behind the curtain. Facebook, amongst their failings of recent years, now openly admits to culpability in enabling a campaign of genocide in 2017.
这些影响是在我们甚至尚未考虑数据处理方式和从幕后操纵用户的方式之前。 在最近几年的失败中，Facebook现在公开承认在2017年发起种族灭绝运动的责任。
The firm described its own role in enabling forces in Myanmar to “foment division and incite offline violence”. The United Nations described the campaign “a textbook example of ethnic cleansing.” Commentators labelled the events which took place as genocide.
该公司描述了自己在使缅甸军队“煽动分裂并煽动离线暴力”中的作用。 联合国将这场运动描述为“种族清洗的教科书范例”。 评论员将发生的事件标记为种族灭绝。
However it’s described, the assistance granted by a large, complex online platform which many of us buy-in and contribute too is problematic, to say the least.
无论如何描述，至少我们可以说，由我们许多人都参与并贡献的大型，复杂的在线平台提供的帮助是有问题的。
Facebook executive, Alex Warofka, told the New York Times “We agree that we can and should do more,” as the company launched an investigation into its own actions the following year. If the firm found fault with itself or took definitive action it’s hard to see precisely where. Since then little clear change or progress has been seen to address to platform’s issues.
Facebook高管Alex Warofka在接受《纽约时报》采访时说：“我们同意我们可以并且应该做更多的事情，”该公司于次年对自己的行为展开了调查。 如果公司发现自己的缺点或采取了明确的行动，那么很难确切地知道在哪里。 从那以后，几乎没有明显的变化或进展可以解决平台的问题。
Research published late 2019 showed the platform was still being used to manipulate public opinion in at least 56 countries around the globe. The study demonstrated state actors working to influence both foreign and domestic public opinion using prominent social media platforms on a regular basis.
2019年末发布的研究表明，该平台仍在全球至少56个国家/地区中用于操纵舆论。 该研究表明，国家行为者定期使用著名的社交媒体平台来影响国内外舆论。
The systems we build for users are having profound impacts both directly in their use and indirectly in their effect. The ethical questions of their construction are long since overdue.
我们为用户构建的系统对用户的使用产生直接或间接的影响。 他们的构建存在道德问题，早该逾期了。
负责任的建设 (Responsible Construction)
One of the striking things about modern versions of the Hippocratic oath is how many of the tenets could easily apply so easily to the world of software. Common to many oaths is the declaration to:
关于现代版本的希波克拉底誓言的一件引人注目的事情是，有多少原则可以很容易地如此轻松地应用于软件领域。 许多宣誓的共同声明是：
- Make health and well-being the first consideration 首先要考虑健康和福祉
- Respect the privacy and secrets of patients 尊重患者的隐私和秘密
- Work according to conscience and good medical practice 根据良心和良好的医疗习惯工作
- Share knowledge to the benefit and advancement of the field 分享知识以造福领域并促进发展
- Not to use knowledge to violate human rights and civil liberties, even under threat 即使在受到威胁的情况下，也不要利用知识侵犯人权和公民自由
Without the word medical, and substituting patients for users, the declaration of Geneva isn’t far from a good working guide already for the graduating software engineer and systems designer.
如果没有医疗一词，而是用患者代替用户，那么对于即将毕业的软件工程师和系统设计师而言，日内瓦宣言已经不是一个很好的工作指南。
The systems and platforms which the new graduate might be expected to work on can impact so many people in large ways. It’s almost irresponsible not to already have stronger ethical practices and codes in place. There’s difficult, detailed discussion to be had on civilian technologies alone, before even considering the fields of defence, weapons, and armed systems.
可能期望新毕业生使用的系统和平台会在很大程度上影响这么多人。 没有适当的道德规范和规范几乎是不负责任的。 在不考虑国防，武器和武装系统领域之前，仅就民用技术就需要进行艰难而详细的讨论。
技术解决方案 (A Solution For Tech)
Like the oaths taken by medical graduates every year, many of the ideas and practices included are already coded in good working practice and law. The oath then is a reminder, a declaration of individual responsibility for the construction and design of product parts and tools which may exist to do more harm than good.
与医学毕业生每年的誓言一样，其中包含的许多想法和实践已经按照良好的工作实践和法律进行了编码。 宣誓便是在提醒人们，宣告个人对产品零件和工具的构造和设计的责任，这些责任可能是弊大于利。
The decelerations which would make up a complete and sufficient oath for the field of software engineering is a difficult task requiring dozens of experts and hundreds of hours. It must, at a minimum, include respect for the privacy and well-being of the user; a dedication to honesty and avoidance of misinformation and deceit.
减速将构成软件工程领域的完整而充分的誓言，这是一项艰巨的任务，需要数十名专家和数百小时的努力。 它至少必须包括对用户隐私和幸福的尊重； 对诚实的奉献，避免误传和欺骗。
It would, ideally, include working according to conscience and best working practices of the field while sharing knowledge and avoiding deliberately obscuring information. Above all, it should be a declaration not to use gained knowledge to harm life, rights, or liberties.
理想情况下，它将包括在共享知识和避免故意掩盖信息的同时，按照该领域的良知和最佳工作实践进行工作。 最重要的是，应该声明不使用获得的知识来损害生命，权利或自由。
“First do no harm” is largely ignored in the medical field because it’s practically speaking, useless. It says nothing at all in clear and simple cases and provides an unhelpful guide in complex cases where the best course of treatment (least harm) is unclear. It’s stuck around in pop culture simply because it rolls so easily off the tongue.
在医学领域，“首先不伤害”在很大程度上被忽略，因为它实际上是没有用的。 它在清晰和简单的情况下什么也没有说，而在尚不清楚最佳治疗方案(危害最小)的复杂情况下，该指南无济于事。 它之所以被卡在流行文化中只是因为它很容易从舌头上滚下来。
From a personal perspective, easily remembered encoded common sense, isn’t a bad start for the software field. As a working test it’s one which many platforms designers, app coders, and systems engineers could evidently fail already. Given the current guide is nothing at all — First do no harm isn’t the worst oath the tech community could use to start with.
从个人的角度来看，容易记住的编码常识对于软件领域来说并不是一个不好的开始。 作为一项有效的测试，许多平台设计人员，应用程序编码人员和系统工程师显然已经失败了。 鉴于当前的指南根本一无所获-首先，不伤害也不是技术社区开始使用的最糟糕的誓言。
翻译自: https://medium.com/swlh/the-tech-world-needs-a-hippocratic-oath-of-its-own-225149b8d6c4
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